Xylella fastidiosa. [Distribution map].

Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. Bacteria. Hosts: Grapevine (Vitis vinifera and others), peach (Prunus persica), Citrus, almond (Prunus dulcis), lucerne (Medicago sativa), some wild trees (including Acer rubrum, Platanus occidentalis, Quercus rubra, Ulmus americana), other wild plants and weeds. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (France, Italy), Asia (Taiwan), North America (Canada (Ontario), Mexico, USA (Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia)), Central America and Caribbean (Costa Rica), and South America (Argentina, Brazil (Bahia, Goias, Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe), Paraguay, Venezuela).

Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. Bacteria Hosts: Grapevine (Vitis vinifera and others), peach (Prunus persica), Citrus, almond (Prunus dulcis), lucerne (Medicago sativa), some wild trees (incl. Acer rubrum, Platanus occidentalis, Quercus rubra, Ulmus americana), other wild plants and weeds. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, France, Italy, ASIA, Taiwan, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arizona, California, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Costa Rica, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Goias, Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe, Paraguay.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. Gammaproteobacteria: Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae. Hosts: many. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Italy), Asia (Iran and Taiwan), North America (Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, Saskatchewan, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Delaware, Dstrict of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington and West Virginia), Central America and Caribbean (Costa Rica and Puerto Rico) and South America (Argentina, Brazil, Bahia, Espirito Santo, Goias, Minas Gerais, Para, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe, Paraguay and Venezuela).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Peach yellows phytoplasma Bacteria: Phytoplasmas Hosts: Peach (Prunus persica), also other Prunus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Ontario, USA, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) Coleoptera: Curculionidae Attacks peach (Prunus persica), apricot (Prunus armeniaca) and other Prunus spp., also apple (Malus pumila) and pear (Pyrus communis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, USA, Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin.


Author(s):  
J. F. Bradbury

Abstract A description is provided for Xylella fastidiosa. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: The host range is wide. Natural hosts of economic importance include Vitis vinifera, Prunus persica, P. amygdalus, P. saliciana, Morus rubra, Acer rubrum, Quercus rubra and Ulmus americana (Wells et al., 1987). Medicago sativa (Lucerne/alfalfa) has long been considered a host (53, 635) but unfortunately isolates have not recently been examined. Many other natural hosts have been reported, including Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ampelopsis arborea, Baccharis halimifolia, Callicarpa americana, Catharanthus roseus, Citrus jambhiri, Fragaria vesca var. californica, Montia linearis, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Platanus occidentalis, Quercus falcata, Q. laurifolia, Q. nigra, Rhus sp., Rubus procerus, Sambucus canadensis, Solidago fistulosa, Vinca minor and Vitis rotundifolia, many of which are common wild plants in Florida and California (67, 5110; 63, 1898). In addition various plants have been artificially infected in experiments. DISEASE: Pierce's disease of grape, a severe leaf scald and die-back; also causes a leaf scorch of maple, almond, plum, oak, elm, mulberry etc., a wilt in periwinkle and wilting and stunting of ragweed. It also causes phony disease of peach in which trees have a compact appearance due to shortened internodes, come into leaf and flower a little early and have smaller, more highly coloured fruit. The symptoms are not very definite but the disease can be further recognised by cutting root sections and immersing them in acidified methanol (1 ml conc. HCI in 100 ml absolute methanol). Infected roots show purplish spots within a minute or two where vessels contain bacteria. The pathogen inhabits the xylem and produces a toxin. It causes restriction of flow, leading to wilting and scorch, and may produce other symptoms of systemic infection such as chlorosis and stunting. A progressive die-back may be seen with virulent strains and susceptible hosts. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: USA (California, Florida, GA, NC), Costa Rica, Venezuela (IMI Distribution Map 262, ed. 3, 1980; 59, 2855; 60, 6035; 66, 2452; 68, 569). Also recently reported from India, but identified only by symptoms and testing with acidified methanol (68, 897). TRANSMISSION: Various leafhoppers have been observed to transmit this disease, including Carneocephala fulgida, Draeculacephala minerva (65, 1977), Graphocephala atropunctata (61, 338), Oncometopia nigricans, Homalodisca coagulata (62, 3417). Lush growth of weeds frequently favours multiplication of these vectors and hence favours spread of any bacteria that may be present.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow. Gammaproteobacteria: Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae. Hosts: apple (Malus domestica), pear (Pyrus spp.) and some other species of Rosaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, mainland France, Germany, Greece, Crete, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, mainland Italy, Sicily, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Central Russia, Russian Far East, Southern Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, mainland Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Ukraine), Asia (Armenia, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Korea Republic, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey), Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia), North America (Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Wyoming), Central America and Caribbean (Bermuda and Guatemala) and Oceania (Australia, Victoria and New Zealand).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for C. dematium (Pers.) Grove. Ascomycota: Sordariomycetidae. Hosts: Plurivorous. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Malta, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK), Asia (Bangladesh, China, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Shaanxi, India, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Japan, Korea Republic, Laos, Malaysia, Sabah, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan), Africa (Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe), North America (Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, USA, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington), Central America and Caribbean (Barbados, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Virgin Islands), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Maranhao, Chile, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela), Oceania (American Samoa, Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Apiosporina morbosa (Schwein.) v. Arx Fungi: Ascomycota: Dothideales Hosts: Stone fruit (Prunus spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest, Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Alabama, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Maize dwarf mosaic virus Viruses: Potyviridae: Potyvirus Hosts: Maize (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), also sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), millet (Panicum miliaceum) and many other Poaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Central Russia Russia, Spain, Ukraine, Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep.), ASIA, China, Gansu, Hebei, Hubei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, India, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kazakhstan, Korea Republic, Pakistan, Taiwan, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Yemen, AFRICA, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Mauritius, Morocco, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Ontario, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arkansas, California, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Cuba, Haiti, Honduras, SOUTH AMERICA Argentina, Brazil, Goias, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, Queensland, Victoria.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith). Lepidoptera: Noctuidae. Hosts: polyphagous but especially Poaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa (Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Congo Democratic Republic, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe), North America (Canada, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming), Central America & Caribbean (Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Kitts-Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para, Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Tocantins, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela).


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