Grevillea robusta (silky oak).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Low Fertility ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Grevillea Robusta ◽  
Proteoid Roots ◽  
Shade Tree ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Leaf Mulch ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
Silky Oak

Abstract G. robusta has gained widespread popularity in warm temperate, subtropical and tropical highland regions of many countries, originally as a shade tree for tea and coffee and now as an agroforestry tree for small farms (Harwood, 1989). It provides economically valuable products including timber, poles, firewood and leaf mulch; it is easy to propagate and establish and is relatively free of pests and diseases; its proteoid roots help it grow in low-fertility soils; it does not compete strongly with adjacent crops; and it tolerates heavy pruning of its roots and branches. With its fern-like pinnate leaves and prominent attractive, orange flowers, it is also popular as an ornamental. As a consequence of its colonizing abilities, G. robusta may become a noxious weed in favourable conditions.

Biogenic VOC emissions from fresh leaf mulch and wood chips of Grevillea robusta (Australian Silky Oak)

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (38) ◽  
pp. 8736-8746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Fedele ◽  
Ian E. Galbally ◽  
Nichola Porter ◽  
Ian A. Weeks
Keyword(s):  
Wood Chips ◽  
Grevillea Robusta ◽  
Voc Emissions ◽  
Fresh Leaf ◽  
Biogenic Voc ◽  
Leaf Mulch ◽  
Silky Oak

Importance of shade trees (Grevillea robusta) in the dispersal of forest tree species in managed tea plantations of southern Western Ghats, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Chetana ◽  
T. Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Shade Trees ◽  
Grevillea Robusta ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Species Dominance ◽  
Shade Tree ◽  
Tea Plantations ◽  
Southern Western Ghats

Abstract:Abandoned plantations of coffee, tea and other commercial crops offer opportunities for understanding ecological processes in modified forest ecosystems. Unlike tree plantations tea is maintained as a shrub with a continuous dense short canopy that precludes large-frugivore activity thereby limiting dispersal of forest species to such areas. In this study we determine how location and density of Grevillea robusta a shade tree in tea plantations and proximity of plantations to forests influences seed arrival from forests into the plantations. We also estimate the importance of dispersal modes in the colonization processes. We laid 10 × 10-m plots at three distance intervals from the forest edge in three different plantation types with varying shade tree densities. Within the plots we laid four 1× 1-m subplots at the corners of the plot. We estimated species richness, abundance and categorized the seeds into dispersal modes in these plots. Grevillea robusta increased species richness of seeds by three times and abundance of seeds by 3–30 times compared with plantations without them. Higher density of G. robusta increased seed input changed species composition and altered species dominance in the plantations. Distance to forests influenced seed arrival in plantations without G. robusta trees and plots 95 m from the forest did not have any seeds in them. No such effect was seen in plantations with G. robusta trees. Seeds dispersed by birds or a combination of birds and mammals contribute 30% of the seeds reaching the plantations with G. robusta and this was not influenced by distance from the forest. In plantations without G. robusta bird dispersal is restricted to 25 m from the forest edge. In general density of shade trees has a strong influence on seed arrival which can negate the forest proximity effect and enhance natural forest colonization.

scholarly journals Investigation of Shade Tree Species Used in Tea Garden in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-237
Author(s):  
MA Rahman ◽  
ZR Moni ◽  
MA Rahman ◽  
S Nasreen
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Shade Trees ◽  
Shade Tree ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tephrosia Candida ◽  
Tea Leaf

The shade trees are an integral component of tea cultivation in Bangladesh. The shade trees are essential for modulating the environment of the tea ecosystem, enriching the soil fertility, reducing temperature and the evaporative capacity, conserve soil moisture and helps in the control of certain pests and diseases which are positively thermotropic in nature. The shade trees provide partial shade to the tea plants, which is important for improving the quality of the tea leaf. The right type of shade trees and their proper management is a prerequisite for successful tea crop growing. For this persists, a floristic exploration of shade trees was carried out at fifteen tea gardens in Chattogram and Moulvibazar District of Bangladesh from November 2017 to December 2018. During the investigation, a total of 44 species of Angiosperm representing 31 genera of 9 families was enlisted. For every species, scientific name, vernacular name, status, and necessary photographs are mentioned. In the assessment, the Fabaceae family shows the highest number of shade trees comprising 19 genera and 31 species. The most common permanent shade tree species among the tea gardens are Albizia odoratissima, A. chinensis, A. lebbeck, A. lucidior, A. procera, and Derris robusta. Indigofera teysmannii is frequently using as a temporary shade species in all investigated tea gardens. Cajanus cajan, Tephrosia candida, Tephrosia candida, Gliricidia sepium, Erythrina lithosperma and Desmodium gyroides species are also used as temporary shade trees in many tea gardens. Further investigations, however,are required to find out the right type of shade tree species on the growth and yield of tea plants in tea cultivation areas of Bangladesh. SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 219-237 (2020)

scholarly journals Apuntes sobre algunas latifoliadas de maderas valiosas. 4. Grevillea robusta A. Cunn

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-104
Author(s):  
Verónica Francisca Loewe Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Grevillea Robusta ◽  
Silver Oak ◽  
Silky Oak

Grevillea robusta es un árbol nativo de Australia, descubierto y descrito por el explorador europeo Alan Cunningham en 1827. La especie pertenece a las angiospermas, dicotiledóneas, familia Proteaceae, y es llamada simplemente silky oak, grevillea géant, roble sedoso, silver oak, he-oak, o simplemente grevillea, y su sinónimo es Grevillea umbricata A. Cunn. Esta especie australiana es la más grande de su género, que comprende más de 260 especies, alcanzando alturas de 40 m y diámetros de hasta 1,2 m. La especie ha despertado gran interés, pues se trata de un árbol de fácil adaptación, de rápido crecimiento y con objetivos múltiples. En su región de origen es la especie de mayor resistencia, regenera vigorosamente y coloniza en forma agresiva las áreas alteradas. Para ser un árbol tan grande crece rápidamente y tiene éxito en un amplio rango de condiciones climáticas y edáficas, lo que lo hace de un gran interés. El éxito que ha tenido la especie se debe entre otros factores a su variedad productiva, no quedando excluida de ningún producto o servicio. Principalmente en las áreas bajas y secas, los agricultores han encontrado que la grevillea se reproduce y maneja fácilmente, presenta buenos rendimientos de leña y postes y no compite notoriamente con los cultivos adyacentes.

Alopecurus myosuroides (black-grass).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Riches
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Alopecurus Myosuroides ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Resistance To Herbicides ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
Temperate Cereal

Abstract A. myosuroides is an annual grass which is native to Eurasia and grows in moist meadows, deciduous forests, and cultivated or disturbed ground. A significant weed species in temperate cereal crops, it has become one of the most damaging weeds of winter cereals in Western Europe with the changes in agricultural practice over the past 30 years from regular ploughing to reduced tillage systems, suppression of broadleaf weeds in continuous cereals, and the move away from burning of stubbles. These changes have allowed the weed to invade well-drained lighter soils in addition to the heavier clay soils on which it is dominant. It has been introduced repeatedly as a weed of cultivation into many temperate and warm temperate regions but has not spread to a large degree out of cultivation. A. myosuroides has been listed as a noxious weed in the state of Washington, one of the states where winter wheat is a major crop. Due to its propensity to evolve resistance to herbicides it is a threat to the productivity of continuous cereal growing in high-input systems of temperate areas.

Low Fertility in Europe: Is There Still Reason to Worry?

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn Hoorens ◽  
Jack Clift ◽  
Laura Staetsky ◽  
Barbara Janta ◽  
Stephanie Diepeveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Fertility
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