tea leaf
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

462
(FIVE YEARS 139)

H-INDEX

31
(FIVE YEARS 5)

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy ◽  
Dian Nursyamsiah ◽  
Muhamad Diki Permana ◽  
Solihudin ◽  
Atiek Rostika Noviyanti ◽  
...  

The danger from the content of dyes produced by textile-industry waste can cause environmental degradation when not appropriately treated. However, existing waste-treatment methods have not been effective in degrading dyes in textile waste. Zero-valent iron (ZVI), which has been widely used for wastewater treatment, needs to be developed to acquire effective green production. Tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves contain many polyphenolic compounds used as natural reducing agents. Therefore, this study aims to synthesize ZVI using biological reducing agents from tea-leaf extract and apply the Fenton method to degrade the color mixture of rhodamine B and methyl orange. The results show that the highest polyphenols were obtained from tea extract by heating to 90 °C for 80 min. Furthermore, PSA results show that ZVI had a homogeneous size of iron and tea extract at a volume ratio of 1:3. The SEM-EDS results show that all samples had agglomerated particles. The ZVI 1:1 showed the best results, with a 100% decrease in the color intensity of the dye mixture for 60 min of reaction and a degradation percentage of 100% and 66.47% for rhodamine B and methyl orange from LC-MS analysis, respectively. Finally, the decrease in COD value by ZVI was 92.11%, higher than the 47.36% decrease obtained using Fe(II).


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1249-1255
Author(s):  
Utpal Barman ◽  
Ridip Dev Choudhury ◽  
Bipul Kumar Talukdar ◽  
George Bhokta ◽  
Sahrul Alom Choudhari ◽  
...  

Immature and tender tea leaves always produce high-quality tea than mature tea leaves. Depending on the maturity and age of the leaf, the colour and texture of the tea leaf are different. The photosynthesis capacity of the tea leaf also changes with the change of leaf maturity. Though the tea farmer plucks, classifies, and recognizes the best tea leaves (immature and tender) by viewing the visual symptoms and position of the leaves, the method is not authentic all time and leads to the overall degradation of the tea quality. The present study presents a smartphone assist tea leaf recognition system by analyzing the colour and texture properties of the tea leaf. The six different colour features and 4 Haralick texture features were extracted in the colour and grey domain of the leaf images. Three types of tea leaves, i.e., mature, immature, and tender, were classified using Deep Neural Network (DNN) with ADAM (Adaptive Moment Estimation) optimizer. With an accuracy of 97%, the DNN outperformed the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K Nearest Neighbor (KNN). The SVM and KNN reported a total of 94.42% and 95.53% accuracy, respectively. The investigated system using DNN with an average precision and recall value of 98.67 and 98.34, respectively, may detect and classify the tea leaf maturity status. The system also can be used in AI-based tea plucking robotic systems or machines.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 905-914
Author(s):  
Nur Wijayanti ◽  
W Wirasti ◽  
Urmatul Waznah ◽  
Achmad Vandian Nur

AbstractTea plants have benefits as antioxidants and help protect body cells from the bad effects of free radicals. The content in dried black tea leaves has tannin compounds that have a good effect on the body. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in tannin levels in dry tea produced by Pekalongan with UV-Vis Spectrophotometry and to find out that all samples of tea brands met the requirements for consumption limits in tea. The data obtained were the average tannin content of black tea leaf extract from various samples with concentrations used of 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40 g/ml. Data analysis to determine the tannin content using the standard curve method, linear regression y = a + bx. The results obtained from the TLC qualitative test contained sample and comparison spots at UV 254 nm, namely Rf T1 of 0.84 cm, T2, T4, T5, T8, T9 of 0.85 cm, on samples T3, T7, T10, T11 obtained an Rf value of 0.86 cm which has the same Rf value as the comparison of catechins. and the sample T6 obtained an Rf value of 0.81 cm. As for the quantitative test, the highest levels were obtained in samples T1, T3, T6, T8, T10 as much as 0.004 ± 0 g/g while the lowest levels were obtained in samples T2, T4, T5, T7, T9, T11 as much as 0.003 ± 0 g/g It can be concluded that the circulating tannins produced by Pekalongan meet the consumption limit requirements.Keywords: Content; Tea; Tannins; UV-Vis Spectrophotometry AbstrakTanaman teh memiliki manfaat sebagai antioksidan dan membantu melindungi sel-sel tubuh dari efek buruk radikal bebas. Kandungan pada daun teh hitam kering mempunyai senyawa tanin yang memberikan efek baik bagi tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui adanya perbedaan kadar tanin pada teh kering produksi Pekalongan dengan metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan mengetahui semua sampel merk teh memenuhi persyaratan batas konsumsi dalam teh. Data yang didapatkan adalah data rata-rata kadar tanin dari ekstrak daun teh hitam dari berbagai sampel dengan konsentrasi yang digunakan 8, 16,24, 32,dan40µg/ml. Analisis data untuk mengetahui kadar tanin dengan menggunakan metode kurva standar, regresi linier y = a + bx. Hasil yang diperoleh dari uji kualitatif KLT terdapat bercak noda sampel dan pembanding pada UV 254 nm, yaitu Rf T1 sebesar 0,84 cm , T2,T4,T5,T8, T9 sebesar 0,85 cm, pada sampel T3,T7,T10,T11 diperoleh nilai Rf sebesar 0,86 cm yang nilai Rf nya sama dengan pembanding katekin. dan pada sampel T6 diperoleh nilai Rf sebesar 0,81 cm. Adapun untuk uji kuantitatif nya diperoleh kadar tertinggi pada sampel T1, T3, T6, T8, T10 sebanyak 0,004 ± 0 g/g sedangkan kadar terendah diperoleh sampel T2, T4, T5, T7, T9, T11 sebanyak 0,003 ± 0 g/g, Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa tanin yang beredar produksi Pekalongan memenuhi syarat batas konsumsi.Kata kunci: Kadar; Teh; Tanin; Spektrofometri UV-Vis


Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2672
Author(s):  
Shimeng Tan ◽  
Yanying Chen ◽  
Guoying Zhou ◽  
Junang Liu

Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is a significant disease affecting oil tea (Camellia oleifera Abel.). Extensive molecular studies have demonstrated that Colletotrichum fructicola is the dominant pathogen of oil tea anthracnose in China. This study aims to investigate differences in molecular processes and regulatory genes at a late stage of infection of C. fructicola, to aid in understanding differences in pathogenic mechanisms of C. fructicola of different geographic populations. We compared the pathogenicity of C. fructicola from different populations (Wuzhishan, Hainan province, and Shaoyang, Hunan province) and gene expression of representative strains of the two populations before and after inoculation in oil tea using RNA sequencing. The results revealed that C. fructicola from Wuzhishan has a more vital ability to impact oil tea leaf tissue. Following infection with oil tea leaves, up-regulated genes in the strains from two geographic populations were associated with galactosidase activity, glutamine family amino acid metabolism, arginine, and proline metabolism. Additionally, up-regulated gene lists associated with infection by Wuzhishan strains were significantly enriched in purine metabolism pathways, while Shaoyang strains were not. These results indicate that more transcriptional and translational activity and the greater regulation of the purine metabolism pathway in the C. fructicola of the Wuzhishan strain might contribute to its stronger pathogenicity.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananya Bagchi ◽  
Dillip Kumar Swain ◽  
Analava Mitra

Abstract Tea (Camellia sinensis) having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and free radical scavenging properties, may be beneficial to prevent the symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this present study, field experiments using the productive tea clone (TV25) with four nutrient management treatments were conducted during 2015 to 2017 in the research farm of Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. The four nutrient management treatments were no application of fertilizer (control), organic fertilizer (OF), inorganic fertilizer (IF), and integration of OF and IF (IF+OF). The total phenolic content of tea leaves in terms of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) in control, OF, IF, IF+OF were 263±2.4 mg/g, 292±1.6mg/g, 203±2.43 mg/g ,288.6±2.11 mg/g, respectively. Tea leaf samples of these treatments were fed to the intracerebroventricular (ICV) colchicine administered rats. The animal study was double-blinded and randomized. Assessment of anxiety status was done for the rat model in an elevated open field with a novel object in two intervals (14-day and 21-day study). Anxiolytic behaviour with the lower corticosterone (CORT) level (82ng/ml) was observed in ICV colchicine administered rat models of AD. After feeding of organically and inorganically grown tea extract (20 mg/kg) for 14 days and 21days, it was found that the anxiolytic behaviour decreased with the increased concentration of serum CORT. However, organic tea showed greater increase in CORT level (216.1 ng/ml) as compared to inorganic tea (214 ng/ml). Thus, this study showed organic tea may act as a favourable agent or adjuvant in the improvement of the anxiolytic behaviour in rat model of AD.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Ahmad Thoriq ◽  
Krawali Sita

<p><em>Tea leaf plucking is an important activity that can determine the quantity and quality of tea production. Tea plantations characteristically have variations of slopes that affect the performance of the picking process. This study aimed to analyze the performance efficiency of tea plucking activities using plucking machines and scissors. Field data were collected from several blocks in the South Gambung and North Gambung afdeling. Data collected consisted of the elevation of the place, the slope of the land, the plucking area, plucking time, the number of pluckers, the plots length of the plucking activity, the width of the plots, and the harvested tea's weight. The data collected were processed into field capacity and tea plucking performance efficiency, which were then analyzed descriptively. Results showed that the slope of the land has an effect on work efficiency of 3.00%-8.68%. The effective and theoretical field capacity of tea plucking machines is 0.14 hectares per hour and 0.20 hectares per hour, respectively, while the scissors is 0.015 hectares per hour and 0.020 hectares per hour. The quality of tea harvested with machines that meet the requirements is 44.10%, better than scissors harvested, which is only 28.09%.</em></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. g1-10
Author(s):  
Rahini Ramanathan ◽  
Nashath Ali

Malaysia’s popular beverage has always been tea; however, current trends show an increase in coffee consumption among its population. The introduction of international coffee chains and the adoption of the coffee culture among the overseas educated has led to an increase in coffee consumption in Malaysia.  Hence, the objective of this research was to determine the status of coffee consumption in Malaysia; to investigate the demographics and reasons for coffee consumption and to study the efforts carried out to sustain the Malaysian coffee industry. The study was conducted via an online self-administered questionnaire uploaded in Google Form. Results, obtained from 174 respondents, showed that 77.6% of participants consumed coffee. The main reasons for coffee consumption are the taste (69.6%); “to boost energy” (60.0%) and “to start up the day” (58.8%). 92.5% make their coffee at home or in the office. A low disposable income and restrictions imposed by the current pandemic has led to 62.7% of the respondents purchasing coffee less than once a week. 55.5% buy their coffee from branded outlets (Starbucks, Coffee bean and tea leaf, McCafé) compared to 46.7% from non-branded outlets (kopitiams, office canteen). So, when people do purchase their coffee, they do not mind splurging out on the occasional cup of branded coffee. Study of the literature shows that efforts are being carried out within Malaysia to improve its coffee industry, especially with respect to coffee farming. This alternative cash crop would aid in stimulating the failing Malaysian economy.


Author(s):  
Saikat Gantait ◽  
Manisha Mahanta

Abstract Background Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex Hooker f. (African daisy) is listed among the top five most important ornamental plants in the global floricultural industry. To satisfy its demand, the floriculture industry relies on reproducible and effective propagation protocol while retaining the genetic uniformity of G. jamesonii. The present study, for the first time, reports the potential of picloram for enhanced induction of organogenic calli from leaves of G. jamesonii and its high-frequency indirect regeneration. Results The fastest induction of calli with maximum fresh and dry weight was recorded in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) semisolid medium supplemented with 1 mg/l picloram. In addition, callus induction was observed in 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid- and α-napthaleneaceticacid-supplemented media but with delayed response and reduced fresh and dry weight. The proliferated calli were transferred to shoot induction media containing MS salt and 0.5–1 mg/l N6-benzylaminopurine, kinetin, or thidiazuron. A mean number of ~6 shoots per callus were developed after 5 days of culture in the MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l kinetin, with a mean length of 5.2 cm. Successful rooting of shoots was achieved in the MS medium fortified with 1.5 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid, wherein the earliest root initiation (~5 days), as well as the maximum number (~9) and length (~4.8 cm) of roots, were recorded. Complete plantlets were primarily acclimatized in sand before being transferred to a mixed substrate (of soil, sand, tea leaf waste, and cow urine) that secured >90% survival and further growth of the plantlets. Eventually, clonal fidelity of the in vitro regenerants assessed via inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers exhibited a monomorphic banding patterns that suggested genetic integrity within the plantlets as well as with their mother plant. Conclusions The results of the present study should be of interest for commercial propagation and mutagenesis- as well as genetic transformation-related research.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document