Polyethersulfone Membrane Filters for Sampling Soil Water fromIn SituSoils and Intact Soil Columns for Phosphate Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 377-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan O. Nelson ◽  
Robert L. Mikkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Polyethersulfone Membrane ◽  
Phosphate Analysis ◽  
Intact Soil

Development of a soil water dispersion index (SOWADIN) for testing the effectiveness of soil-wetting agents

Soil Research ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Sawada ◽  
LAG Aylmore ◽  
JM Hainsworth
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Dispersion Index ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Water Dispersion ◽  
Soil Wetting

Computer-assisted tomography (CAT) applied to gamma-ray attenuation measurements has been used to develop an index termed the soil water dispersion index (SOWADIN), which describes quantitatively the amount and distribution of water in soil columns. The index, which is determined by classifying pixels in a scanned slice into three categories according to their attenuation coefficients, contains two numerical values. The first value corresponds to the water content of the scanned slice and the second value is a measure of the dispersion of the water throughout the slice. Artificially wetted zones were created in soil columns to give one-third of the scanned layer wetted with various patterns of wetted-area distribution. The SOWADIN values obtained accurately reflected the differences in water distribution associated with the different patterns. Application of SOWADIN to columns of a water-repellent sand before and after treatment with a soil-wetting agent clearly illustrates both the increase in water content and improvement in water distribution in the soil column following treatment.

scholarly journals The effect of a prototype hydromulch on soil water evaporation under controlled laboratory conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-410
Author(s):  
Antoni M.C. Verdú ◽  
M. Teresa Mas ◽  
Ramon Josa ◽  
Marta Ginovart
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Dry Conditions

AbstractOrganic hydromulches can be an interesting alternative for weed control in perennial crops, but can also reduce soil water evaporation. To examine the effect of a hydromulch layer on soil water content in dry conditions laboratory experiments were conducted at constant 25°C, 40% air RH. Both for small soil containers with a short time course and for larger soil columns (with two sensors at depths of 6 cm and 11 cm) with a longer time course, the presence and also the thickness of hydromulch were significant factors for the temporal evolution of soil water content. Two distinct stages of the evaporation process, the first or initial stage and the last or final stage, were identified, analysed and compared for these experiments. General linear models performed on the soil water content temporal evolutions showed significant differences for the first and last stages at the top and bottom of the soil columns with and without hydromulch. Hydromulch application delayed the evaporation process in comparison with the control. Moreover, the hydromulch layer, which was tested for mechanical resistance to punching, offered enough resistance to prevent its perforation by the sprouts of weed rhizomes.

A note on the methods for determining soil water diffusivity

Soil Research ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
HS Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Quadratic Programming ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Water Diffusivity ◽  
Horizontal Infiltration

In experimental methods for determination of soil water diffusivity using the water distribution from horizontal infiltration into a soil column, hand smoothing of the experimentally obtained distribution introduces uncertainties in the calculations. A method of calculation involving techniques of quadratic programming has been used to minimize the possible errors caused by inhomogeneous packing of the horizontal soil columns. Examples are given to illustrate the method of calculations.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Soil Moisture and Evaporation under the Activities of Earthworms in Typical Anthrosols in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6603
Author(s):  
Li Ma ◽  
Ming’an Shao ◽  
Tongchuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Evaporation ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Soil Surface Temperature ◽  
Water Holding

Earthworms have an important influence on the terrestrial ecological environment. This study assesses the effect of different earthworm densities on soil water content (SWC) and evaporation in a laboratory experiment. Four earthworm densities (0 no-earthworm, control [C]; 207 earthworms m−2, low density [LDE]; 345 earthworms m−2, medium density [MDE]; and 690 earthworms m−2, high density [HDE]) are tested in soil columns. Results show that cumulative evaporation occurs in the decreasing order of densities: C (98.6 mm) > LDE (115.8 mm) > MDE (118.4 mm) > HDE (124.6 mm). Compared with the control, earthworm activity decreases cumulative soil evaporation by 5.0–20.9%, increases soil temperature to 0.46 °C–0.63 °C at 8:00, and decreases soil temperature to 0.21 °C–0.52 °C at 14:00 on the soil surface. Temperature fluctuations reduce with increasing earthworm densities. A negative correlation is found between cumulative soil evaporation and earthworm density (R2 = 0.969, p < 0.001). Earthworms significantly (p < 0.05) decrease the surface SWC loss (0–20 cm) soil layer but increase the subsoil SWC loss (60–100 cm) by adjusting the soil temperature and reducing soil water evaporation. Earthworm activities (burrows, casts…) improve the soil water holding ability by adjusting soil temperature and reducing soil water evaporation. Thus, the population quantity of earthworms may provide valuable ecosystem services in soil water and heat cycles to save water resources and realize sustainable agricultural development.

Capillary Conductivity and Soil Water Diffusivity Values from Vertical Soil Columns 1

1968 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Flocker ◽  
M. Yamaguchi ◽  
D. R. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Water Diffusivity

ESTIMATION OF THE SOIL-WATER SORPTIVITY FROM INFILTRATION IN VERTICAL SOIL COLUMNS

Soil Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. MOLDRUP ◽  
T. YAMAGUCHI ◽  
D. E. ROLSTON ◽  
J. AA. HANSEN
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Water Sorptivity

Influence of soil bulk density on horizontal water infiltration

Soil Research ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
AK Sharda
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Water Diffusivity ◽  
Relative Water

Studies were conducted on soil columns of a silty clay loam packed at bulk densities of 1200, 1300 and 1400 kg/m3 to evaluate the influence of soil bulk density on water infiltration in the horizontal direction. Soil water diffusivity values were obtained by reversing the iterative procedure of Philip. A reduction to less than 25% in soil water diffusivity occurred near saturation with the increase in soil bulk density, but the influence of soil bulk density decreased with the decrease in relative water content. Lengths of infiltration, cumulative influx and infiltration rates also reduced markedly with the increase in soil bulk density from 1200 kg/m to 1400 kg/m3.

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