Perceptions of Personal Sex Discrimination: The Role of Belief in a Just World and Situational Ambiguity

2012 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becky Choma ◽  
Carolyn Hafer ◽  
Faye Crosby ◽  
Mindi Foster
Keyword(s):  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Just World

Sex Discrimination and the Transformation of U.S. Education

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Buzuvis
Keyword(s):  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Sexual Misconduct ◽  
Fourteenth Amendment ◽  
Equal Protection Clause ◽  
Lgbt Students ◽  
Societal Norms ◽  
Sex Equality ◽  
Equality In Education

This chapter highlights the role of Title IX of the Education Amendments Act of 1972 and the U.S. Constitution’s Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment in transforming the gendered landscape of U.S. education. After first providing an overview of these two sources of law, the chapter examines the role they have played in challenging sex-based designations in admissions and in the classroom, in promoting equal opportunity and access to school-sponsored athletics, in challenging sexual harassment and other sexual misconduct, in reducing barriers to LGBT students, and in promoting equal opportunity for students who are pregnant. Sections addressing each one of these topics will also note limitations and shortcomings of the law’s approach to these issues, as there is still more work to do to fully realize sex equality in education. While the law has not cured all the problems of sex discrimination education, owing to limitations in its scope, as well as enforceability, it has proven to be a powerful source of societal norms and expectations, which themselves operate to motivate compliance and beyond.

THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ADVERSITIES AND BELIEFS IN A JUST WORLD IN PARANOIA: THE ROLE OF INTERPERSONAL TRAUMA

2010 ◽  
Vol 117 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 522-523
Author(s):  
Regina Espinosa ◽  
Carmen Valiente ◽  
María Provencio ◽  
Carmelo Vázquez ◽  
Filiberto Fuentenebro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Trauma ◽  
Just World

On the Phenomenology of Innocence: The Role of Belief in a Just World

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Jordan ◽  
Maria Hartwig
Keyword(s):  
Just World

scholarly journals Victim Blaming and Exoneration of the Perpetrator in Domestic Violence: The Role of Beliefs in a Just World and Ambivalent Sexism

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Valor-Segura ◽  
Francisca Expósito ◽  
Miguel Moya
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Ambivalent Sexism ◽  
Hostile Sexism ◽  
Victim Blaming ◽  
Just World Beliefs ◽  
Just World ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Male Friend

The existence of domestic violence is closely linked to several ideological factors that include sexism and other beliefs about society in general, namely the belief in a just world. In this study, which involved 485 people of both sexes aged between 18 and 70 years, we analyzed the influence of these ideological variables of the perceivers and characteristics of the situation on judgments of a gender aggression – blaming the victim and exonerating the perpetrator. Results showed differences in the reactions of observers depending on the cause that triggered the aggression. Participants blamed the victim and exonerated the aggressor more when no cause of the aggression was mentioned than when a cause was mentioned (the woman wanted to separate, to see an old male friend, or simply to take a trip with her female friends). We also found clear effects of hostile sexism and just world beliefs on the dependent variables. Results showed that the influence of just world beliefs depended on the fact of mention or not a cause for the aggression.

How belief in a just world might shape responses to discrimination: A case study of left-behind children in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Lan ◽  
Xuji Jia ◽  
Xia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Just World ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Children's Behaviors

Background: Previous study has indicated that perceived discrimination affected the children’s behaviors, but whether belief in a just world moderates the relationship between perceived discrimination and problem behaviors among left-behind children and whether there are differences between boys and girls are still unknown. Aims: This study aims at exploring whether perceived discrimination influences the left-behind children’s behaviors and the moderating role of belief in a just world among both boys and girls. Methods: Using cross-sectional data on rural left-behind children in Henan Province of China, this study examined the relationships among perceived discrimination (personal and group), belief in a just world and problem behaviors for both boys and girls. The participants included 336 boys and 310 girls. Self-report questionnaires captured perceived discrimination, belief in a just world and problem behaviors. Results: The results demonstrated that Chinese left-behind boys who perceived a high amount of personal discrimination were prone to exhibit problem behaviors. Yet, neither perceived personal nor group discrimination was associated with problem behaviors among the left-behind girls. Moreover, the children’s belief in a just world moderated the association between perceived discrimination and problem behaviors among the boys; in those who reported higher levels of belief in a just world, the negative effect of perceived personal discrimination on problem behaviors appeared weaker, comparing to those who reported lower levels of belief in a just world. In addition, the negative effect of perceived group discrimination on problem behaviors appeared stronger among the left-behind boys who reported higher levels of belief in a just world. Conclusion: Belief in a just world provided a protect function for the left-behind children when facing perceived personal discrimination. More attention should be paid on belief in a just world, perceived discrimination and problem behaviors among left-behind children.

The role of belief in a just world for (dis)honest behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Schindler ◽  
Kristin Wenzel ◽  
Sandra Dobiosch ◽  
Marc-André Reinhard
Keyword(s):  
Just World

Chemical sex discrimination in the crayfishProcambarus clarkii: Role of antennules

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2363-2372 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Dunham ◽  
Jin W. Oh
Keyword(s):  
Sex Discrimination
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