Chemical sex discrimination in the crayfishProcambarus clarkii: Role of antennules

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2363-2372 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Dunham ◽  
Jin W. Oh
Keyword(s):  
Sex Discrimination

Sex Discrimination and the Transformation of U.S. Education

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Buzuvis
Keyword(s):  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Sexual Misconduct ◽  
Fourteenth Amendment ◽  
Equal Protection Clause ◽  
Lgbt Students ◽  
Societal Norms ◽  
Sex Equality ◽  
Equality In Education

This chapter highlights the role of Title IX of the Education Amendments Act of 1972 and the U.S. Constitution’s Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment in transforming the gendered landscape of U.S. education. After first providing an overview of these two sources of law, the chapter examines the role they have played in challenging sex-based designations in admissions and in the classroom, in promoting equal opportunity and access to school-sponsored athletics, in challenging sexual harassment and other sexual misconduct, in reducing barriers to LGBT students, and in promoting equal opportunity for students who are pregnant. Sections addressing each one of these topics will also note limitations and shortcomings of the law’s approach to these issues, as there is still more work to do to fully realize sex equality in education. While the law has not cured all the problems of sex discrimination education, owing to limitations in its scope, as well as enforceability, it has proven to be a powerful source of societal norms and expectations, which themselves operate to motivate compliance and beyond.

Perceptions of Personal Sex Discrimination: The Role of Belief in a Just World and Situational Ambiguity

2012 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becky Choma ◽  
Carolyn Hafer ◽  
Faye Crosby ◽  
Mindi Foster
Keyword(s):  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Just World

Evaluating sex discrimination claims: The mediating role of attributions.

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teri J. Elkins ◽  
James S. Philips
Keyword(s):  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Mediating Role

Sex Discrimination in Gerris remigis: Role of a Surface Wave Signal

Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 206 (4424) ◽  
pp. 1325-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. WILCOX
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wave ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Wave Signal

Comparing Theories of Sex Discrimination: The Role of Comparison

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Reaume
Keyword(s):  
Sex Discrimination

European integration and legal culture: indirect sex discrimination in the French legal system

Legal Studies ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-414
Author(s):  
Chloe J Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Formal Concept ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Direct Discrimination ◽  
Indirect Discrimination ◽  
Ec Law

The purpose of this article is to examine whether legal culture has an influence on the implementation of EC law in member states by means of one case study; the failure of the French legal community to recognise and apply a prohibition against indirect as well as direct discrimination, which is well established in EC legislation and case law. It is suggested that legal cultural factors may have some role to play. The focus of French legal culture on the importance of legal certainty has contributed to an emphasis on a formal concept of equality within the law, to which the concept of indirect discrimination is not suited. The paradoxical role of the French judge, who is given very little power in theory and who is therefore able to take the inevitable policy decisions behind the cloak of judicial anonymity, means that she is able to avoid the obligation placed on her by EC law to implement a prohibition on indirect sex discrimination.

Sex Discrimination, Commuting, and the Role of Women in Rumanian Development

Slavic Review ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Moskoff
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
General Development ◽  
Heavy Industry ◽  
Agrarian Society ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Per Capita

When the Communist Party took power in Rumania in 1944, it inherited a poor, agrarian society. In 1950, before the advent of planning, three-fourths of Rumania's labor force was still in agriculture; only 12 percent of the labor force was in the industrial sector. Per capita income for the country as a whole was the equivalent of thirty dollars and in agriculture it was close to twenty dollars. The new regime did not have to search very far for a general development model. It adopted the Soviet strategy of rapid economic growth through the priority development of heavy industry. Women have played a key role in this process; indeed, it may be argued that they form the linchpin of Rumanian growth strategy.

Color Variation and Significance of Color in Reproduction in the Damselfly, Argia apicalis (Say) (Zygoptera: Coenagriidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. Bick ◽  
Juanda C. Bick
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Sex Recognition ◽  
Directional Change ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Bright Blue

AbstractVariation in thoracic color and the role of color in reproduction were studied in the field in one population of the damselfly, Argia apicalis. Mature males and females were individually marked, and observed near noon on 47 consecutive days, and hourly on three. Males occurred in two color phases: bright blue, and gray-black, neither of which could be positively associated with age or mating. Change was not a single step from blue to finally dark or vice versa but often involved intervening changes in both directions with a maximum of eight in 12 days. Dark was the more temporary condition. Females occurred in three color phases: brown, turquoise, gray-black. As with males, no one phase could be positively associated with age or mating, and multi-directional change occurred after sexual maturity.Dead pinned individuals, modified or not, were presented to living males who: (1) advanced sexually toward motionless models, (2) discriminated intact females from males, (3) reacted sexually more frequently to brown than to the other normal female colors, (4) responded sexually to a female thorax and one wing almost as frequently as to a normal female, (5) accurately discriminated a female thorax and one wing from that of a male. The blue-tipped male abdomen aided but was not indispensable for sex recognition. Dorsal and lateral thoracic color were equally important and elicited male sexual response in their entirety rather than by particular pattern. Sex discrimination broke down when the normal thoracic color was obliterated with paint regardless of its color, but a thorax painted white was an "over-optimal" attraction suggesting the importance of light intensity.

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