Lead and lead–arsenic combined exposure induces mortality and developmental impairments in zebrafish embryos: a study using wild-caught zebrafish from Bangladesh

The multimycotoxin-degrading efficiency of the Rhodococcus erythropolis NI1 strain was investigated with a previously developed three-step method. NI1 bacterial metabolites, single and combined mycotoxins and their NI1 degradation products, were injected into one cell stage zebrafish embryos in the same doses. Toxic and interaction effects were supplemented with UHPLC-MS/MS measurement of toxin concentrations. Results showed that the NI1 strain was able to degrade mycotoxins and their mixtures in different proportions, where a higher ratio of mycotoxins were reduced in combination than single ones. The NI1 strain reduced the toxic effects of mycotoxins and mixtures, except for the AFB1+T-2 mixture. Degradation products of the AFB1+T-2 mixture by the NI1 strain were more toxic than the initial AFB1+T-2 mixture, while the analytical results showed very high degradation, which means that the NI1 strain degraded this mixture to toxic degradation products. The NI1 strain was able to detoxify the AFB1, ZEN, T-2 toxins and mixtures (except for AFB1+T-2 mixture) during the degradation experiments, which means that the NI1 strain degraded these to non-toxic degradation products. The results demonstrate that single exposures of mycotoxins were very toxic. The combined exposure of mycotoxins had synergistic effects, except for ZEN+T-2 and AFB1+ZEN +T-2, whose mixtures had very strong antagonistic effects.

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Antagonistic Effects of Enrofloxacin on Carbendazim-Induced Developmental Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryos

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics9120349 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 349

Author(s):

Ruiqi Fan ◽

Wanjun Zhang ◽

Li Jia ◽

Sunlin Luo ◽

Ying Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Regulation ◽

Developmental Toxicity ◽

Meat Products ◽

Complex Interaction ◽

Hatching Rate ◽

Zebrafish Embryos ◽

Reciprocal Effects ◽

Combined Exposure ◽

Simultaneous Exposure ◽

Developmental Parameters

Carbendazim (CAR) and enrofloxacin (ENF) are frequently detected in fruits and meat products, respectively. Since most people consume fruits, vegetables, and meat products, combined exposure is possible, necessitating further evaluation of toxic interactions. In this study, the developmental toxicity of separate and combined exposure was examined in zebrafish embryos. Carbendazim exposure at 0.79 mg/L and above significantly affected developmental parameters, while enrofloxacin alone had no substantial effects on these developmental parameters within the selected concentration range (0.10–0.40 mg/L). Surprisingly, ENF antagonized the CAR-evoked reduction in the 48 hpf (hours post-fertilization) hatching rate and the increases in the 96 hpf malformation and lethality rates. The results revealed that the antagonism might be associated with reciprocal effects of these compounds on metabolism-related genes, such as cyp7a1 and apoa1a. These results reveal a complex interaction between ENF and CAR on metabolic regulation during development and highlight the importance of combined assessment for agents with the potential for simultaneous exposure.

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Mapping of accumulation of SeNPs in developing zebrafish embryos and larvae: a new method using SEM with energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometer

Micro & Nano Letters ◽

10.1049/mnl.2016.0692 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 497-499

Author(s):

Kalimuthu Kalishwaralal ◽

Subhaschandrabose Jeyabharathi ◽

Krishnan Sundar ◽

Azhaguchamy Muthukumaran

Keyword(s):

Energy Dispersive ◽

New Method ◽

Zebrafish Embryos ◽

X Ray

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Complex evaluation of health state of population residing under combined exposure to noise and chemical risk factors caused by activities of major airport hub

Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology ◽

10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-12-16 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 12-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Konstantin P. Luzhetsky ◽

Ol’ga Yu. Ustinova ◽

Svetlana S. Kleyn ◽

Dmitrii N. Koshurnikov ◽

Svetlana S. Vekovshinina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Nervous System ◽

Serum Level ◽

Reference Group ◽

Risk Index ◽

Case Based Reasoning ◽

Health State ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Combined Exposure ◽

Complex Evaluation

Complex evaluation covered health state of population residing under combined exposure to physical (noise) and chemical (manganese, formaldehyde, phenol, benzene) risk factors caused by airport activities. Findings are unacceptable chronic risks expressed through risk index for development of nervous system diseases (HI=9.45–51.75), respiratory disorders (HQ=2,62–6,95) and immune system ailments (HQ=1,75–4,23). In children, functional disorders of nervous system (parasympathetic type vegetative dystonia) and respiratory organs (chronic disorders of upper respiratory tract) are diagnosed 1,5–1,8 times higher than those in the reference group; over 5% of children aged 4–7 years demonstrate bilateral conductive deafness. Reliable cause-effect relationships were revealed between functional nervous system disorders (parasympathetic type vegetative dystonia, astheno-neurotic syndrome, vascular cephalgia, sleep disorders) and increased serum level of manganese and benzene (proportion of explained dispersion, R2=0,55–0,87, 26,44≤F≥389,54), between respiratory diseases (chronic rhinitis, chronic pharyngitis) and increased serum level of formaldehyde (R2=0,73–0,91; 350,8≤F≥778,3), with high statistic significance (p < 0,0001). For sanitary epidemiologic examination purposes, case-based reasoning for relationships of children health disorders, management decisions, the authors suggested and justified a list of parameters for negative combined impact of risk factors caused by airport hub.

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