The impact of local authorities on labour party economic policy

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Batkin
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Labour Party ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Policy Statements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Take All

This article questions to what extent the Labour Party is prepared to build on local authority experience in its policy statements and in practice. With the demise of the AES, Labour has been searching for a new political economy, publishing three policy statements in March this year. The author argues that while the impact of local authorities on these documents is unmistakable, the Labour Party has yet to take all their ideas on board.

Whose risk? Bank de-risking and the politics of interpretation and vulnerability in the Middle East and North Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Sherine El Taraboulsi-McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Politics Of Interpretation

Abstract Following the events of 11 September 2001, measures aimed at countering the financing of terrorism (CFT) were intensified by States. Many countries around the world adopted strict anti-money laundering and CFT regulations for the transfer of funds globally. This process increased the costs of complying with regulatory requirements and imposed high penalties on banks for non-compliance. As a result, preventive measures – often known as “de-risking” – were taken up by banks, including terminating the accounts of clients perceived as “high-risk” for money laundering or terrorist financing, and delaying transfers. These measures, however, have had negative consequences, reducing financial access for local civil society organizations in conflict-affected contexts that are deemed high-risk for terrorist activities. Drawing on five years of research to understand the impact of de-risking on conflict-affected contexts from a local perspective, this paper reflects on the local political economy of CFT, with a focus on the Middle East and North Africa. It explores two key areas of inquiry. The first of these is the politics of interpretation – how counterterrorism as a discourse and a set of practices, of which CFT is one, gets interpreted by local authorities and banks, and subsequently gets reinterpreted to the population. This also has implications for which local actors are better positioned to access funds than others, and why. The second area of inquiry is the politics of vulnerability – how the local political economy impact of CFT can increase the social and economic vulnerabilities of some groups more than others. This paper demonstrates that under the guise of “counterterrorism”, local authorities in conflict-affected contexts have used CFT to restrict the non-profit and philanthropic space and are using banking regulations to shape that space in ways that are bound to have negative medium- and long-term implications for it.

scholarly journals The art and science of priority-setting: assessing the value of Public Health England’s Prioritization Framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Maniatopoulos ◽  
D J Hunter ◽  
J Gray
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Priority Setting ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Early Adopter ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prioritization Framework

ABSTRACT Background Findings are presented from the evaluation of Public Health England’s (PHE) Prioritization Framework (PF) aimed to assist local authority commissioners with their public health investment and disinvestment decisions. The study explored the take up of the PF in three early adopter local authority settings. Methods Semi-structured interviews (n = 30) across three local authorities supplemented by participant observation of workshops. Results Participants acknowledged that the PF provided a systematic means of guiding priority-setting and one that encouraged transparency over investment and disinvestment decisions. The role performed by PHE and its regional teams in facilitating the process was especially welcomed and considered critical to the adoption process. However, uptake of the PF required a significant investment of time and commitment from public health teams at a time when resources were stretched. The impact of the political environment in the local government was a major factor determining the likely uptake of the PF. Ensuring committed leadership and engagement from senior politicians and officers was regarded as critical to success. Conclusions The study assessed the value and impact of PHE’s PF tool in three early adopter local authorities. Further research could explore the value of the tool in aiding investment and disinvestment decisions and its impact on spending.

Who Supports Global Economic Engagement? The Sources of Preferences in American Foreign Economic Policy

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen V. Milner ◽  
Dustin H. Tingley
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Aid ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Trade Preferences ◽  
Economic Engagement ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this article we bring together opposing international relations theories to better understand U.S. foreign policy, in particular foreign trade and aid. Using votes in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1979–2004, we explore different theoretical predictions about preferences for foreign economic policy. We assess the impact of domestic factors, namely political economy and ideological preferences, versus foreign policy pressures. Our three main results highlight the differential effect of these factors in the two issue areas. First, aid preferences are as affected by domestic political economy factors as are trade preferences. Second, trade preferences, but not economic aid ones, are shaped by the president's foreign policy concerns; for economic aid, domestic political economy factors matter more than foreign policy ones. Third, aid preferences are shaped more by ideological factors than are trade ones, but ideology plays a different substantive role in each. Different constituencies support aid and trade. This finding has implications for foreign policy substitutability, “the internationalist coalition” in U.S. foreign policy, “statist” theories of foreign policy, and the connection between public opinion and legislative voting.

scholarly journals Exploring the impacts of the 2012 Health and Social Care Act reforms to commissioning on clinical activity in the English NHS: a mixed methods study of cervical screening

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e024156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hammond ◽  
Thomas Mason ◽  
Matt Sutton ◽  
Alex Hall ◽  
Nicholas Mays ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesExplore the impact of changes to commissioning introduced in England by the Health and Social Care Act 2012 (HSCA) on cervical screening activity in areas identified empirically as particularly affected organisationally by the reforms.MethodsQualitative followed by quantitative methods. Qualitative: semi-structured interviews (with NHS commissioners, managers, clinicians, senior administrative staff from Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs), local authorities, service providers), observations of commissioning meetings in two metropolitan areas of England. Quantitative: triple-difference analysis of national administrative data. Variability in the expected effects of HSCA on commissioning was measured by comparing CCGs working with one local authority with CCGs working with multiple local authorities. To control for unmeasured confounders, differential changes over time in cervical screening rates (among women, 25–64 years) between CCGs more and less likely to have been affected by HSCA commissioning organisational change were compared with another outcome—unassisted birth rates—largely unaffected by HSCA changes.ResultsInterviewees identified that cervical screening commissioning and provision was more complex and ‘fragmented’, with responsibilities less certain, following the HSCA. Interviewees predicted this would reduce cervical screening rates in some areas more than others. Quantitative findings supported these predictions. Areas where CCGs dealt with multiple local authorities experienced a larger decline in cervical screening rates (1.4%) than those dealing with one local authority (1.0%). Over the same period, unassisted deliveries decreased by 1.6% and 2.0%, respectively, in the two groups.ConclusionsArrangements for commissioning and delivering cervical screening were disrupted and made more complex by the HSCA. Areas most affected saw a greater decline in screening rates than others. The fact that this was identified qualitatively and then confirmed quantitatively strengthens this finding. The study suggests large-scale health system reforms may have unintended consequences, and that complex commissioning arrangements may be problematic.

scholarly journals Out of area housing by local authorities in England: displacement of vulnerable households in a neoliberal housing crisis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Iafrati
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Vulnerable Households ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Housing Outcomes ◽  
Out Of Area

Based on freedom of information responses from English local authorities, the research examines the number of households where a duty to accommodate was accepted that were subsequently housed in other local authority areas. Recognising neoliberal housing policy of increased marketisation and less government intervention, the article identifies market failure, housing unaffordability and welfare reform contributing to households being displaced and social cleansing. Importantly, the research recognises negative housing outcomes beyond the binary of homelessness and the impact on vulnerable households by examining out of area housing, which is currently an under-researched area within housing.

scholarly journals Economics versus politics: pitfalls of policy advice

2013 ◽  
pp. 4-28
Author(s):  
D. Acemoglu ◽  
J. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Main Message ◽  
The Impact

The standard approach to policy making and advice in economics implicitly or explicitly ignores politics and political economy and maintains that if possible, any market failure should be rapidly removed. This essay explains why this conclusion may be incorrect; because it ignores politics, this approach is oblivious to the impact of the removal of market failures on future political equilibria and economic efficiency, which can be deleterious. We first outline a simple framework for the study of the impact of current economic policies on future political equilibria — and indirectly on future economic outcomes. We then illustrate the mechanisms through which such impacts might operate using a series of examples. The main message is that sound economic policy should be based on a careful analysis of political economy and should factor in its influence on future political equilibria.

Economic Policy of Local Authorities in Reforming Russia

2006 ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
B. Zhikharevich ◽  
N. Zhunda ◽  
O. Rusetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Experience

The article gives a review of national experience of development and implementation of local economic policy in 1995-2005, as well as brief analysis of the impact that the reform of local self-governance system imposes on priorities of and tools used for local economic policy after 2005. Research is based upon the survey of 70 municipalities from 32 Subjects of RF.

Raising the Poverty Plateau: The Impact of Means-tested Rebates from Local Authority Charges on Low Income Households

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETE ALCOCK ◽  
SARAH PEARSON
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Poverty Traps ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Means Testing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Income Households

The role of means-testing within social policy has become more important and more central in the 1990s. However, extensive reliance on means-testing brings with it the accompanying problems of the unemployment and poverty traps. In the 1990s these take on more of the form of a poverty plateau, accentuated by a new savings trap. This article uses hypothetical calculations of benefit entitlement in order to explore the extent of the poverty plateau, and looks in particular at the impact on this of the growing use of means-tested rebates by local authorities. Means-tested rebates have been developed by authorities because of a concern that the new charges for services that they are making might disadvantage poor local citizens. Drawing on work of one typical authority, this article reveals that these rebates do add significantly to the poverty plateau, and yet that this is an issue which is little understood by both local and national policy planners.

scholarly journals Cluster randomised controlled feasibility study of HENRY: a community-based intervention aimed at reducing obesity rates in preschool children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bryant ◽  
Michelle Collinson ◽  
Wendy Burton ◽  
Elizabeth Stamp ◽  
Holly Schofield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Definitive Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children’S Centres

Abstract BackgroundCommunity based obesity prevention interventions are often commissioned despite the limited evidence base. HENRY (Health, Exercise, Nutrition for the Really Young) is a programme delivered to parents of preschool children across the UK. Early evidence suggests that it may be effective, but a robust evaluation has not been conducted. We initiated a systematic evaluation of HENRY by studying the feasibility of conducting a multi-centre definitive trial to evaluate its effectiveness and cost-effectiveness to prevent obesity. Objectives were to: assess the feasibility of recruiting local authorities, centres and parents; test processes and time required to train and certify intervention staff; explore HENRY commissioning processes; identify potential sources (and associated impact) of contamination; and consider the feasibility of trial procedures.MethodsWe conducted a multi-centre, open labelled, two group, prospective, cluster randomised, controlled, feasibility study, with embedded process evaluation and pre-defined criteria for progression to definitive trial. We sought to recruit 120 parents from 12 children’s centres, across two UK local authority (government) areas. Within each local authority, we planned to randomise three centres to HENRY and three to ‘standard care’ control. Our plan was to collect data in family homes at baseline and 12 months, including parent and child height and weight, and parent-reported questionnaires on self-efficacy, feeding, eating habits, quality of life and resource use. Contamination, implementation and study acceptability were explored using parent interviews.ResultsWe recruited two local authorities and 12 children’s centres within eight months. 117 parents were recruited (average 3.9 parents per programme) and follow-up data were collected from 85% of participants. Process data from 20 parents and 24 members of staff indicate that both would benefit from more detail about their involvement as participants, but that methods were acceptable. Contamination was likely, though the impact of this on behaviour was unclear.ConclusionOur findings indicate that a cluster RCT of HENRY to assess its effect on childhood obesity prevention is feasible. This study has allowed us to design a pragmatic definitive trial with minimal bias, taking account of lessons learnt from conducting evaluation research in public health settings.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03333733 registered 6th November 2017

scholarly journals Economics versus Politics: Pitfalls of Policy Advice

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daron Acemoglu ◽  
James A Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Main Message ◽  
The Impact

The standard approach to policy making and advice in economics implicitly or explicitly ignores politics and political economy and maintains that if possible, any market failure should be rapidly removed. This essay explains why this conclusion may be incorrect; because it ignores politics, this approach is oblivious to the impact of the removal of market failures on future political equilibria and economic efficiency, which can be deleterious. We first outline a simple framework for the study of the impact of current economic policies on future political equilibria—and indirectly on future economic outcomes. We then illustrate the mechanisms through which such impacts might operate using a series of examples. The main message is that sound economic policy should be based on a careful analysis of political economy and should factor in its influence on future political equilibria.

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