The Contextual Interference Effect in Parameter Modifications of the Same Generalized Motor Program

This investigation examined the contextual interference effect when manipulating over-all force in a golf-putting task. Undergraduate women ( N = 30) were randomly assigned to a Random, Blocked-Random, or Blocked practice condition and practiced golf putting from distances of 2.43 m, 3.95 m, and 5.47 m during acquisition. Subjects in the Random condition practiced trials in a quasirandom sequence and those in the Blocked-Random condition practiced trials initially in a blocked sequence with the remainder of the trials practiced in a quasirandom sequence. In the Blocked condition subjects practiced trials in a blocked sequence. A 24-hr. transfer test consisted of 30 trials with 10 trials each from 1.67 m, 3.19 m, and 6.23 m. Transfer scores supported the Magill and Hall (1990) hypothesis that, when task variations involve learning parameters of a generalized motor program, the benefit of random practice over blocked practice would not be found.

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The Influence of Proficiency Level, Transfer Distality, and Gender on the Contextual Interference Effect

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport ◽

10.1080/02701367.1993.10608792 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 151-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Peter J. K. Smith ◽

Mary E. Rudisill

Keyword(s):

Interference Effect ◽

Contextual Interference ◽

Proficiency Level ◽

And Gender

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Optimizing Generalized Motor Program and Parameter Learning

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport ◽

10.1080/02701367.2000.10608876 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 10-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Qin Lai ◽

Charles H. Shea ◽

Gabriele Wulf ◽

David L. Wright

Keyword(s):

Motor Program ◽

Parameter Learning ◽

Generalized Motor Program

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Contextual Interference Effect on Motor Skills

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000486820.57236.1e ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 606-607

Author(s):

Judith Jimenez ◽

Walter Salazar ◽

Maria Morera

Keyword(s):

Motor Skills ◽

Interference Effect ◽

Contextual Interference

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How Persistent and General Is the Contextual Interference Effect?

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport ◽

10.1080/02701367.2007.10599429 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 78 (4) ◽

pp. 318-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Daniel M. Russell ◽

Karl M. Newell

Keyword(s):

Interference Effect ◽

Contextual Interference

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Continuous Concurrent Feedback Degrades Skill Learning: Implications for Training and Simulation

Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ◽

10.1518/001872097778667979 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 509-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 136

Author(s):

Richard A. Schmidt ◽

Gabriele Wulf

Keyword(s):

Temporal Pattern ◽

Closed Loop ◽

Motor Program ◽

Skill Learning ◽

Discrete Movement ◽

On Line ◽

Continuous Feedback ◽

The Stability ◽

Generalized Motor Program

In two experiments we investigated the role of continuous concurrent visual feedback in the learning of discrete movement tasks. During practice the learner's actions either were or were not displayed on-line during the action; in both conditions the participant received kinematic feedback about errors afterward. Learning was evaluated in retention tests on the following day. We separated (a) errors in the fundamental spatial-temporal pattern controlled by the generalized motor program from (b) errors in scaling controlled by parameterization processes. During practice concurrent feedback improved parameterization but tended to decrease program stability. Based on retention tests, earlier practice with continuous feedback generally interfered with the learning of an accurate motor program and reduced the stability of time parameterization. Continuous feedback during acquisition degrades the learning of not only closed-loop processes in slower movements (as has been found in earlier studies) but also motor programs and their parameterization in more rapid tasks. Implications for feedback in training and simulation are discussed.

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