Group Differences in Fall Risk Assessment among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Alison Mantel ◽  
Estefania Zuluaga ◽  
Joanna Keough ◽  
Lara Suarez ◽  
Nicole Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals International classification of function, disability and health framework for fall risk stratification in community dwelling older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majumi M. Noohu ◽  
Aparajit B. Dey ◽  
Shashi Sharma ◽  
Mohammed E. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Falls is an important cause for mortality and morbidity in older adults. The fall risk assessment is an integral component of fall prevention in older adults. The international classification of function, disability and health (ICF) can be an ideal comprehensive model for fall risk assessment. There is lack of information relating ICF and fall risk assessment in community dwelling older adults. In this study we tried to assess the fall risk using different domains of ICF using various clinical tools. A total of 255 subjects were recruited through convenient sampling method from geriatric clinic (OPD) of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. The study was single session cross-section design. The body mass index (BMI), grip strength, depression score (Geriatric depression scale:short form; GDS-S) and co morbidities were used to assess body function and structure domain, timed up and go (TUG), Berg balance scale (BBS) and elderly fall screening test (EFST) scores were used for activity domain, selfreported cause of fall, medications and uses of assistive device for environmental factors. Then the association of body function and structure, activity and environmental factors were determined with falls. There was an association of fall in analysis in subjects with no fall and one or more falls for, BMI, grip strength (kg), GDS-S score, no. of co morbidities, chronic pain, TUG, BBS, TUG (s), BBS, EFST, slip/trip, walking cane, hypoglycemic and antihypertensives medications (unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio).The diabetes, and hyper tension showed association for adjusted odds ratio only. In subjects with one fall and more than one fall, TUG, BBS, EFST, GDS-S score, NSAIDS and antidepressants use showed a significant association with fall (unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio). The ICF may be used in routine for fall risk assessment in community dwelling older adults.

The Reliability and Preliminary Validity of Game-Based Fall Risk Assessment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Yamada ◽  
Tomoki Aoyama ◽  
Masatoshi Nakamura ◽  
Buichi Tanaka ◽  
Koutatsu Nagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Reliability and construct validity of the stepping-forward affordance perception test for fall risk assessment in community-dwelling older adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0225118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Almeida ◽  
Jorge Bravo ◽  
Hugo Folgado ◽  
Hugo Rosado ◽  
Felismina Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Agreement and predictive power of six fall risk assessment methods in community-dwelling older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 103975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Menezes ◽  
Ney Armando de Mello Meziat-Filho ◽  
Camila Santos Araújo ◽  
Thiago Lemos ◽  
Arthur Sá Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals ABILITY OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL PROFILE ASSESSMENT TO CLASSIFY FALLER TYPE: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S471-S471
Author(s):  
Deborah A Jehu ◽  
Jennifer C Davis ◽  
Kristin Velsey ◽  
Winnie Cheung ◽  
Teresa Liu-Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Vancouver General Hospital ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Physiological Profile ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Physiological Profile Assessment

Abstract Accurately identifying older adults who will experience subsequent falls is important for the provision of secondary fall prevention. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA) – a valid and reliable fall-risk assessment [1] – in predicting subsequent falls over a 12-month period in older adults who sought for medical attention after an index fall. Seven hundred thirty-seven community-dwelling adults, aged 70 years and older, who were seen at the Vancouver General Hospital Fall Prevention Clinic, completed the PPA at their initial visit. Falls over the subsequent 12 months were tracked prospectively via monthly falls calendars. All individuals received geriatric care at baseline. Binary logistic regressions were performed to determine the accuracy of classifying two prospective faller types: 1) no additional falls; 2) one or more additional fall(s). Baseline PPA, age, and sex were entered as independent variables. During the 12 month observation period, 345 participants had no additional falls (Age:81.3±6.6yrs;Female=251) and 392 fell one or more times (Age:82.3±6.5yrs;Female=230). The classification accuracy was 51.3% for those who had no additional falls and 64.8% for those with one or more additional fall(s) (Overall:58.5%;χ2=29.0;PPA:β=-0.21;Age:β=-0.01;Sex:β=-60). The PPA was not able to accurately differentiate between those who did and did not subsequently fall. Fall-risk assessment sensitivity and specificity should be improved in older adults seeking medical attention following an index fall to inform secondary fall prevention. [1] Lord SR, et al., 2003. Phys Ther.

scholarly journals Accuracy of clinical-functional tools to identify risk of falls among community-dwelling older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaela Xavier Sampaio ◽  
Amanda Maria Santos Abreu ◽  
Cristiane Almeida Nagata ◽  
Patrícia Azevedo Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Methodological Study ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Introduction: The identification of older adults who present greater chances of falling is the first step in the prevention of falls. Clinical instruments have been shown to be able to differentiate fallers from non-fallers, but their predictive validity remains controversial. Objective: To investigate the accuracy of the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Quick Screen Clinical Fall Risk Assessment (QuickScreen) instruments to identify risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults. Method: This is a prospective methodological study with 81 older adults (≥ 60 years), assessed at baseline by SPPB and QuickScreen and monitored after one year to identify the occurrence of falls. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were calculated. Results: 28.4% of the sample reported falls. QuickScreen presented 52.2% sensitivity, 74.1% specificity, 44.4% PPV, 79.6% NPV and 0.656 AUC. The AUC for SPPB was not significant (p = 0.087). Conclusion: QuickScreen presented poor accuracy when predicting falls and SPPB was unable to identify community-dwelling older adults at risk of falls. The QuickScreen instrument stood out for its high potential to identify true negatives.

scholarly journals Mobility Screening for Fall Risk Assessment in a Population-Based Sample of Older Adults: An Analysis From the CLSA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 269-269
Author(s):  
Marla Beauchamp ◽  
Ayse Kuspinar ◽  
Nazmul Sohel ◽  
Alexandra Mayhew ◽  
Lauren Griffith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Acceptable Accuracy

Abstract Existing guidelines for fall prevention in older adults recommend mobility screening for fall risk assessment; however, there is no consensus on which test to use and at what cut-off. This study aimed to determine the accuracy and optimal cut-off values of commonly used mobility tests for predicting falls in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). Mobility tests at baseline included the Timed Up and Go (TUG), Single Leg Stance (SLS), chair-rise, and gait speed test. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 65 years and history of a fall or mobility problem at baseline. Accuracy of fall prediction at 18-months for each mobility test was measured by the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). Of 1,121 participants that met inclusion criteria (mean age 75.2 ± 5.9 years; 66.6% women), 218 (19.4%) participants reported ≥1 fall at 18-months. None of the mobility tests achieved acceptable accuracy for identifying individuals with ≥1 fall at follow-up. Among women 65-74 and 75-85 years, the TUG identified recurrent fallers (≥2 falls) with optimal cut-off scores of 14.1 and 12.9 seconds (both AUCs 0.70), respectively. Among men 65-74 years, only the SLS showed acceptable accuracy (AUC 0.85) for identifying recurrent fallers with an optimal cut-off of 3.6 seconds. Our findings indicate that for a population-based sample of community-dwelling older adults, commonly used mobility tests do not have sufficient accuracy for identifying fallers. The TUG and SLS can identify older adults at risk for recurrent falls, however their accuracy and cut-off values vary by age and sex.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN COGNITION AND FALL RISK BASED ON THE STEADI ALGORITHM: PROJECT VIBE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S290-S290
Author(s):  
Tiffany F Hughes ◽  
Cara Carramusa ◽  
Daniel J Van Dussen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Lower Likelihood

Abstract Falls are a growing concern among older adults with estimates that one in four fall each year. Older adults who experience a fall are at higher risk for poor health outcomes that threaten independence and increase risk of death. Impairment in cognitive function is known to be associated with greater fall occurrence; however, cognitive testing is not an integral part of clinical fall risk assessment. The purpose of this study is to examine cognitive performance in relation to fall risk level and its components determined using the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries (STEADI) algorithm. One hundred eight community dwelling older adults (mean age 79(SD 7.3) years, 76% women, and 56% college or higher education) were included. Cognition was assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; >= 26 normal). The STEADI algorithm was used to assess fall risk (low vs. moderate/high) based on the Stay Independent screening (>= 4), impairment in gait (Timed Up and Go (TUG)), strength (30-second chair stand), and balance (4-stage balance), and number of falls (>= 2). Associations between cognition and fall risk and its components were assessed using logistic regression adjusting for age, gender, and education. Normal cognitive status was marginally associated with lower likelihood of moderate/high compared to low fall risk (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.17-1.04), and with a lower likelihood of TUG impairment (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.07-0.66). These results suggest cognitive status may contribute important information about older adults’ fall risk and should be considered an integral part of fall risk assessment.

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