scholarly journals Accuracy of clinical-functional tools to identify risk of falls among community-dwelling older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaela Xavier Sampaio ◽  
Amanda Maria Santos Abreu ◽  
Cristiane Almeida Nagata ◽  
Patrícia Azevedo Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Methodological Study ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Introduction: The identification of older adults who present greater chances of falling is the first step in the prevention of falls. Clinical instruments have been shown to be able to differentiate fallers from non-fallers, but their predictive validity remains controversial. Objective: To investigate the accuracy of the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Quick Screen Clinical Fall Risk Assessment (QuickScreen) instruments to identify risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults. Method: This is a prospective methodological study with 81 older adults (≥ 60 years), assessed at baseline by SPPB and QuickScreen and monitored after one year to identify the occurrence of falls. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were calculated. Results: 28.4% of the sample reported falls. QuickScreen presented 52.2% sensitivity, 74.1% specificity, 44.4% PPV, 79.6% NPV and 0.656 AUC. The AUC for SPPB was not significant (p = 0.087). Conclusion: QuickScreen presented poor accuracy when predicting falls and SPPB was unable to identify community-dwelling older adults at risk of falls. The QuickScreen instrument stood out for its high potential to identify true negatives.

scholarly journals Polish Translation and Validation of the Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment (MSRA) Questionnaire to Assess Nutritional and Non-Nutritional Risk Factors of Sarcopenia in Older Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Roma Krzymińska-Siemaszko ◽  
Ewa Deskur-Śmielecka ◽  
Arkadiusz Styszyński ◽  
Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Translation And Validation

A simple, short, cheap, and reasonably sensitive and specific screening tool assessing both nutritional and non-nutritional risk factors for sarcopenia is needed. Potentially, such a tool may be the Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment (MSRA) Questionnaire, which is available in a seven-item (MSRA-7) and five-item (MSRA-5) version. The study’s aim was Polish translation and validation of both MSRA versions in 160 volunteers aged ≥60 years. MSRA was validated against the six sets of international diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia used as the reference standards. PL-MSRA-7 and PL-MSRA-5 both had high sensitivity (≥84.9%), regardless of the reference standard. The PL-MSRA-5 had better specificity (44.7–47.2%) than the PL-MSRA-7 (33.1–34.7%). Both questionnaires had similarly low positive predictive value (PL-MSRA-5: 17.9–29.5%; PL-MSRA-7: 14.4–25.2%). The negative predictive value was generally high for both questionnaires (PL-MSRA-7: 89.8–95.9%; PL-MSRA-5: 92.3–98.5%). PL-MSRA-5 had higher accuracy than the PL-MSRA-7 (50.0–55% vs. 39.4–45%, respectively). Based on the results, the Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment questionnaire was successfully adopted to the Polish language and validated in community-dwelling older adults from Poland. When compared with PL-MSRA-7, PL-MSRA-5 is a better tool for sarcopenia risk assessment.

scholarly journals International classification of function, disability and health framework for fall risk stratification in community dwelling older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majumi M. Noohu ◽  
Aparajit B. Dey ◽  
Shashi Sharma ◽  
Mohammed E. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Falls is an important cause for mortality and morbidity in older adults. The fall risk assessment is an integral component of fall prevention in older adults. The international classification of function, disability and health (ICF) can be an ideal comprehensive model for fall risk assessment. There is lack of information relating ICF and fall risk assessment in community dwelling older adults. In this study we tried to assess the fall risk using different domains of ICF using various clinical tools. A total of 255 subjects were recruited through convenient sampling method from geriatric clinic (OPD) of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. The study was single session cross-section design. The body mass index (BMI), grip strength, depression score (Geriatric depression scale:short form; GDS-S) and co morbidities were used to assess body function and structure domain, timed up and go (TUG), Berg balance scale (BBS) and elderly fall screening test (EFST) scores were used for activity domain, selfreported cause of fall, medications and uses of assistive device for environmental factors. Then the association of body function and structure, activity and environmental factors were determined with falls. There was an association of fall in analysis in subjects with no fall and one or more falls for, BMI, grip strength (kg), GDS-S score, no. of co morbidities, chronic pain, TUG, BBS, TUG (s), BBS, EFST, slip/trip, walking cane, hypoglycemic and antihypertensives medications (unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio).The diabetes, and hyper tension showed association for adjusted odds ratio only. In subjects with one fall and more than one fall, TUG, BBS, EFST, GDS-S score, NSAIDS and antidepressants use showed a significant association with fall (unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio). The ICF may be used in routine for fall risk assessment in community dwelling older adults.

The Reliability and Preliminary Validity of Game-Based Fall Risk Assessment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Yamada ◽  
Tomoki Aoyama ◽  
Masatoshi Nakamura ◽  
Buichi Tanaka ◽  
Koutatsu Nagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Development and validation of a robotic multifactorial fall-risk predictive model: A one-year prospective study in community-dwelling older adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0234904
Author(s):  
Alberto Cella ◽  
Alice De Luca ◽  
Valentina Squeri ◽  
Sara Parodi ◽  
Francesco Vallone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
One Year ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Reliability and construct validity of the stepping-forward affordance perception test for fall risk assessment in community-dwelling older adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0225118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Almeida ◽  
Jorge Bravo ◽  
Hugo Folgado ◽  
Hugo Rosado ◽  
Felismina Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Agreement and predictive power of six fall risk assessment methods in community-dwelling older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 103975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Menezes ◽  
Ney Armando de Mello Meziat-Filho ◽  
Camila Santos Araújo ◽  
Thiago Lemos ◽  
Arthur Sá Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Is functional fitness performance a useful predictor of risk of falls among community-dwelling older adults?

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Hung Ho ◽  
I-Yao Fang ◽  
Yi-Chien Yu ◽  
Yi-Ping Huang ◽  
I-Ling Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Falls among older adults are a serious public health problem. Many studies indicate that positive functional fitness performance decreases the risk of falls. A limited amount of previous study has investigated the association between broad functional fitness and the fall risk. This study examines the associations between functional fitness and the risk of falling among community-dwelling older adults. Methods Three waves of cross-sectional data were collected from 2017 to 2019 in Taipei City, Taiwan. Six hundred sixty-five participants aged ≥65 years were randomly recruited from 12 districts of Taipei. Eight functional fitness tests (i.e., back scratch, chair-sit and-reach, 8-ft up-and-go, 30-s sit-to-stand, 30-s arm curl, 30-s single-leg stance, 2-min step, and hand grip strength tests) were performed to record the physical performance of older subjects. A Chinese version of the fall-risk questionnaire (FRQ) was used to calculate the fall risk scores. Linear regression and logistic regression were utilized to estimate the relationships of each functional fitness and fall risk. Result The results showed that 37.45% of older adults had a high risk of falling. It was found for each functional fitness that performance was linearly associated with the risk of falling. Moreover, older adults with low-performance levels in all functional fitness except back-scratching were more likely to have a higher risk of falling. Conclusions Our study indicated that functional fitness performance appears to provide valid predictive guidance for reducing the risk of falling among the older population.

Identification of Optimal Foot Tactile Sensation Threshold for Detecting Fall Risk Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Tactile Sensitivity ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Logistical Regression ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Objective Foot tactile sensitivity loss, commonly assessed by monofilaments, is a fall risk factor among older adults. The broadly used threshold of the monofilament for fall risk assessment in older adults is 5.07. However, this threshold originates from assessing foot ulceration risk in people with peripheral neuropathy. The primary purpose of this study was to identify the optimal filament size and its cutoff number of sensitive sites that can be used to best identify a high risk of falls in terms of the foot tactile sensitivity for community-dwelling older adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the foot tactile sensitivity was assessed by a 6-piece Semmes-Weinstein monofilament kit at 9 sites per foot among 94 older adults, including 38 fallers and 56 nonfallers. The number of sensitive sites was determined for each monofilament size as the cutoff. Logistical regression analyses were used to determine the monofilament size and number of sensitive sites best able to differentiate fallers from nonfallers. Results Fallers showed overall worse foot tactile sensory measurements than nonfallers. Logistical regression analyses identified 4.31 as the best monofilament size and 7 as the number of sensitive sites to differentiate fallers from nonfallers with an accuracy of 72.3%. Conclusion The 4.31 monofilament could be the best filament to detect the risk of falls among older adults in terms of tactile sensory loss. Inability to feel the pressure from the 4.31 filament at more than 7 sites could indicate a high risk of falls. Impact These findings could help physical therapists and other rehabilitation professionals improve decision making in detecting older adults with a high risk of falls, thus facilitating the effort of fall prevention in older adults.

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