Intercultural Practices in Latin American Nation States

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-619 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Latin American Nation ◽  
Nation States ◽  
American Nation

The Issue of Religious Liberty in the United States Commercial Treaty with Colombia, 1824

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-301
Author(s):  
Wilkins B. Winn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Liberty ◽  
Latin American Nation ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
American Nation

The Republic of Colombia was the first Latin American nation to which the United States extended a formal act of recognition in 1822. This country was also the first of these new republics with which the United States negotiated a treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation. The importance of incorporating the principle of religious liberty in our first commercial treaty with Latin America was revealed in the emphasis that John Quincy Adams, Secretary of State, placed on it in his initial instructions to Richard Clough Anderson, Jr., Minister Plenipotentiary to Colombia. Religious liberty was one of the specific articles stipulated by Adams for insertion in the prospective commercial treaty.

Bringing the Economic Back In: Andean Indians and the Construction of the Nation-State in Nineteenth-Century Bolivia

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERICK D. LANGER
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Trading Activities ◽  
American Nation

AbstractUsing the example of nineteenth-century Bolivia, this article argues that economic motivations need to be taken into account in understanding the role of peasants in constructing Latin American nation-states, especially in the Andes. Based on local archives, it considers the case of the altiplano region of Oruro-Poopó. From this perspective, during the half-century that followed independence, Andean communities were mostly in favour of a free-trade regime. They were integrated into the nation-state, but in a subordinate position. By the 1850s there was such prosperity in trading activities that community members refused to participate as authorities in their communities due to the time it would consume. However, the assault on community lands that began in the 1860s impoverished the Indians and marginalised them as peasants, turning them into a threat to the new, racist nation-state.

The Alternatives to ‘Liberal Democracy’: A Latin American Perspective

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 146-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
American Perspective ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
American Nation

Although some conventional liberal democratic regimes are likely to become consolidated in Latin America, the dominant pattern is better understood as ‘democracy by default’, and in a few cases little more than ‘facade democracy’ is to be expected. This paper reviews the major factors accounting for the fragility, instability and policy ineffectiveness of many of these new regimes. Although current fiscal crises lend some plausibility to the ‘neo-liberal’ analyses of democratization, the paper argues that in the longer run consolidated democracies will tend to develop a range of ‘social democratic’, participatory and interventionist features that are at variance with the neo-liberal model. Latin American nation-states are relatively well integrated and contain a stock of human and social resources that should favour constitutional outcomes, so that although many of these new democracies will remain provisional and incomplete for the time being, they possess the potential for subsequent extension and entrenchment.

The “Socialist Other”: Cuba in Chinese Ideological Debates since the 1990s

2012 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 198-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinghong Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The Past ◽  
Latin American Nation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
American Nation

AbstractThis article offers an analytical introduction to some important Cuba-related discussions in China in the last two-and-a-half decades. No Latin American nation has been treated like Castros' (Fidel and Raul) Cuba in China's ideological development. Cuba's revolutionary experience in the past and the regime's defiance of major global trends – from retreat of socialism to advancement of neo-liberalism – correspond to a wide range of opinions in China and are exploited by them to address their own concerns. To borrow Orientalist analysis, just like the “Other” helps define “Self,” as a “socialist Other,” Cuba in Chinese perception often reflects China's own confusions and contradictions.

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