Ovariotomy for menstrual madness and premenstrual syndrome – 19th century history and lessons for current practice

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 411-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Studd
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
19Th Century History

Cranio-Facial Reconstruction in Forensic Identification — Historical Development and a Review of Current Practice

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vanezis ◽  
Peter Vanezis
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Facial Reconstruction ◽  
Craniofacial Reconstruction ◽  
Positive Identification ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The 19Th Century

Cranio-facial reconstruction has its origins in the 19th century, initially to recreate and ‘bring back to life’ the faces of the rich and the famous. Since then, over the last 100 years, there have been various methods used to produce reconstructions for forensic identification as well as for historical or archaeological purposes. These range from the traditional sculpting methods to those based on up-to-date computer technology. When no other method of identification is available in skeletalized, badly mutilated or decomposing remains, forensic craniofacial reconstruction may be employed to produce a face which it is hoped will trigger recognition and thus lead to a positive identification. This paper discusses the role that cranio-facial reconstruction may play in identification and its limitations.

Franz Reuleaux: Contributions to 19th century kinematics and theory of machines

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis C Moon
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
Unique Aspect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Kinematic Models ◽  
Deutsches Museum ◽  
19Th Century History

This review surveys late 19th century kinematics and the theory of machines as seen through the contributions of the German engineering scientist, Franz Reuleaux (1829–1905), often called the “Father of Kinematics.” Extremely famous in his time and one of the first honorary members of ASME, Reuleaux was largely forgotten in much of modern mechanics literature in English until the recent rediscovery of some of his work. In addition to his contributions to kinematics, we review Reuleaux’s ideas about design synthesis, optimization and aesthetics in design, and in engineering education, as well as his early contributions to biomechanics. A unique aspect of this review has been the use of Reuleaux’s kinematic models at Cornell University and in the Deutsches Museum, in Munich, as a tool to rediscover lost engineering and kinematic knowledge of 19th century history of machines. This review article cites 108 references.

Guillotine tonsillectomy: a glimpse into its history and current status in the United Kingdom

2002 ◽  
Vol 116 (12) ◽  
pp. 988-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mathews ◽  
J. Lancaster ◽  
I. Sherman ◽  
G. O. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
History Of

Guillotine tonsillectomy was the widely practised technique of tonsillectomy in the late 19th century as it was considered a quick and reliable method of removing tonsils. It fell into disrepute in the early 20th century. This paper reviews the history of the origin of the tonsillotome and traces the various modifications over the last few centuries. The current practice of guillotine tonsillectomy is examined by means of a postal questionnaire surveyof all UK consultants.

scholarly journals Tent Of The Emir Of Bukhara (Second Half Of The 19th Century) ( History Of One Exhibit From The Collection Of The State Hermitage)

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (12) ◽  
pp. 180-183
Author(s):  
Dilafruz Kurbanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of ◽  
19Th Century History ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article is dedicated to a single artifact of the 19th century, tent of Emir of Bukhara, which is stored in the collection of the State Hermitage.

Little Transparency, Many Obstructions. The 19th Century, Exhibitions, Viewing Tools

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Litwinowcz-Droździel
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Optical Instruments ◽  
Crystal Palace ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
19Th Century History ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines various threads of the 19th-century history of culture, which deal with the topic of vision. The author analyses 19th-century exhibitions as tools for looking, large scale and accessible optical instruments. Following archival records, the author sets forward a thesis according to which popular exhibitions fulfilled the role of stabilizing visual experience in an age of radical sensual transformation and the rising ambiguity of cognitive categories. In light of the anxieties caused by numerous new inventions, which produced illusive static and moving images, the Crystal Palace (and its local cousins) could seem to provide tools for visually controlling reality. The author also analyzes tropes of melancholia and disappointment, caused by this 19th-century project of visual utopia.

Islamofascism: Four Avenues to the Use of an Epithet

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 290-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Schulze
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
General Application ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
Current Usage ◽  
Political Traditions

In this paper I want to reconstruct the genealogy of relating Islam to fascism and fascism to Islam by assembling evidence from Western discourses. Such a reconstruction of course suffers from the fact that it has to draw a picture based solely on a collection of idiographic interpretations. The result is more a mosaic than a coherent narrative. My purpose is not to discuss again the meaning of the current ideological discourse on Islamofascism and the use of Fascism as an epithet for Islamism or even for Islam.1 Nor do I want to examine the fallibility of identifying certain Islamic political traditions as “fascist” or to explore the historical interaction between Islamic political discourses and Fascism from the 1920s to the 1940s. My intention is to study the mechanism and meaning of relating Fascism to Islam and Islam to Fascism. Starting with a look at the semantic expressing this relation, I will continue by examining the scope of the current usage in the Western public. Next I will investigate the general application of Islam as an epithet for secular political traditions and cultures since the early 19th century. Finally, I will concentrate on the use of Islam as an epithet for Fascism and Nazism in the 1930s and 1940s. I will conclude with some observations on current practice, which fuses and equates the epithetical use of Islam and Fascism. My main thesis is that Islam has been instrumental in splitting off ideological and cultural traditions considered adversarial from one’s own social, political, or cultural context. The current usage of Islamofascism reverses this mechanism, as now fascism has become instrumental in splitting off Islam from the Western context.

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