The role of research in the new public health

1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
New Public

Improving health in Mersey

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-61
Author(s):  
John Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
Golden Thread ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
New Public ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
New Generation

This chapter sets the scene for the pioneering work in public health carried out in the Liverpool health region from the 1980s onwards. It describes the situation that was left after the tide had gone out on the local authority-based arrangements that had served public health well for almost 150 years and identifies the green shoots of the New Public Health that was about to make its appearance. The key role of visionary and influential leaders who kept the flame alive and handed on the baton to a new generation leading to novel approaches centred on the new notion of health promotion is acknowledged. The importance of developing multidisciplinary and partnership working based on a sound analysis of the challenges to health is stressed. The strategic approach adopted, blending the science and art of public health practise on a foundation of pragmatism and broad-based support is a golden thread.

scholarly journals The role of vector control in stopping the transmission of malaria: threats and opportunities

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1645) ◽  
pp. 20130431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Hemingway
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
New Public ◽  
Product Profile

Malaria control, and that of other insect borne diseases such as dengue, is heavily dependent on our ability to control the mosquito populations that transmit these diseases. The major push over the last decade to reduce the global burden of malaria has been driven by the distribution of pyrethroid insecticide-treated bednets and an increase in coverage of indoor residual spraying (IRS). This has reduced malaria deaths by a third. Progress towards the goal of reducing this further is threatened by lack of funding and the selection of drug and insecticide resistance. When malaria control was initially scaled up, there was little pyrethroid resistance in the major vectors, today there is no country in Africa where the vectors remain fully susceptible to pyrethroids. The first pyrethroid resistance mechanisms to be selected produced low-level resistance which had little or no operational significance. More recently, metabolically based resistance has been selected, primarily in West Africa, which in some mosquito populations produces more than 1000-fold resistance. As this spreads the effectiveness of pyrethroid-based bednets and IRS will be compromised. New public health insecticides are not readily available. The pipeline of agrochemical insecticides that can be re-purposed for public health dried up 30 years ago when the target product profile for agricultural insecticides shifted from broad spectrum, stable, contact-acting insecticides to narrow spectrum stomach poisons that could be delivered through the plant. A public–private partnership, the Innovative Vector Control Consortium, was established in 2005 to stimulate the development of new public health pesticides. Nine potential new classes of chemistry are in the pipeline, with the intention of developing three into new insecticides. While this has been successfully achieved, it will still take 6–9 years for new insecticides to reach the market. Careful management of the resistance situation in the interim will be needed if current gains in malaria control are not to be reversed.

Molecular characterization of SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miribane Dërmaku-Sopjani ◽  
Mentor Sopjani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
New Public ◽  
And Function

Abstract:: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a new public health crisis threatening the world. This pandemic disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus has been reported to be originated in bats and by yet unknown intermediary animals were transmitted to humans in China 2019. The SARSCoV- 2 spreads faster than its two ancestors the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERSCoV) but has reduced fatality. At present, the SARS-CoV-2 has caused about a 1.16 million of deaths with more than 43.4 million confirmed cases worldwide, resulting in a serious threat to public health globally with yet uncertain impact. The disease is transmitted by inhalation or direct contact with an infected person. The incubation period ranges from 1 to 14 days. COVID-19 is accompanied by various symptoms, including cough, fatigue. In most people the disease is mild, but in some other people, such as in elderly and people with chronic diseases, it may progress from pneumonia to a multi-organ dysfunction. Many people are reported asymptomatic. The virus genome is sequenced, but new variants are reported. Numerous biochemical aspects of its structure and function are revealed. To date, no clinically approved vaccines and/or specific therapeutic drugs are available to prevent or treat the COVID-19. However, there are reported intensive researches on the SARSCoV- 2 to potentially identify vaccines and/or drug targets, which may help to overcome the disease. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the molecular structure of SARS-CoV-2 and its biochemical characteristics.

Biocomplexity and a New Public Health Domain

EcoHealth ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita R. Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Domain ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
New Public
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