Staging “Chileanness”: Ethnicity, illegal drug economy and social structures

This study examines negotiations of motherhood among women in the illegal hard drug economy in Norway. Based on interviews with mothers who are users and dealers, this study analyzes four predominant maternal identities: grieving mothers, detached mothers, motherly dealers, and working mothers. Particularly relevant factors explaining variations in maternal identities include the timing of pregnancy, time spent with children, control over drug use, and place in the drug market hierarchy. By revealing patterns of intra-group variations by gender performances and work situation, the study expands upon previous work on how mothers who are structurally disadvantaged negotiate motherhood ideals.

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Economic woes may change narcotics incentives in Iran

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db254524 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Electoral Politics ◽

Illegal Drug ◽

Trade Patterns ◽

Content Type ◽

Alternative Livelihoods ◽

Cross Border ◽

The Poor ◽

Economic Collapse ◽

Borderland Communities ◽

Drug Economy

Significance COVID-19-related closures are both changing trade patterns and putting new pressure on economic actors in Iran, including the state itself. The drug economy is an important source of revenue in particular for south-eastern and other borderland communities in Iran. Impacts Further economic collapse would increase the risk of drug money entering Iran’s electoral politics and mainstream economy. The poor and newly unemployed could seek alternative livelihoods in the narcotics trade, increasing societal and cross-border tensions. If Iran's interdiction efforts weaken, European countries will see a strong surge in inflows of heroin and methamphetamines. Washington would use any alleged state connections to the illegal drug economy further to isolate Tehran from the international community.

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Dealing with fatherhood: Paternal identities among men in the illegal drug economy

European Journal of Criminology ◽

10.1177/1477370819874429 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 147737081987442

Author(s):

Heidi Grundetjern ◽

Heith Copes ◽

Sveinung Sandberg

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Life Course ◽

Illegal Drug ◽

Absent Fathers ◽

Structural Constraints ◽

Drug Markets ◽

Using Data ◽

Drug Economy ◽

The Life Course ◽

The Relationship

This study investigates paternal identities among men who are involved in the illegal drug economy in Norway. Using data from life-history interviews, we identified two paternal identities relating to the role fatherhood played in their lives and crimes: struggling fathers and absent fathers. Our analysis demonstrates the structural constraints of fatherhood for crime-involved men, which is rooted in their class positions and enhanced by being situated in hyper-masculine drug markets with little access to hegemonic masculinity. Our study offers a contribution to scholarship on marginalized fatherhood, and highlights the import of paternal identities for understanding the relationship between fatherhood and crime over the life course.

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