Impact of Diet Intervention on the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptomatology in School Going Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Beela ◽  
V.R. Raji
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Diet Intervention ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Symptomatology

Visual attention in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder before and after stimulant treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (15) ◽  
pp. 2617-2625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Marie Low ◽  
Signe Vangkilde ◽  
Julijana le Sommer ◽  
Birgitte Fagerlund ◽  
Birte Glenthøj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Visual Processing Speed ◽  
Adhd Symptomatology

AbstractBackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which frequently persists into adulthood. The primary goal of the current study was to (a) investigate attentional functions of stimulant medication-naïve adults with ADHD, and (b) investigate the effects of 6 weeks of methylphenidate treatment on these functions.MethodsThe study was a prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded, 6-week follow-up design with 42 stimulant medication-naïve adult patients with ADHD, and 42 age and parental education-matched healthy controls. Assessments included measures of visual attention, based on Bundesen's Theory of Visual Attention (TVA), which yields five precise measures of aspects of visual attention; general psychopathology; ADHD symptoms; dyslexia screening; and estimates of IQ.ResultsAt baseline, significant differences were found between patients and controls on three attentional parameters: visual short-term memory capacity, threshold of conscious perception, and to a lesser extent visual processing speed. Secondary analyses revealed no significant correlations between TVA parameter estimates and severity of ADHD symptomatology. At follow-up, significant improvements were found specifically for visual processing speed; this improvement had a large effect size, and remained when controlling for re-test effects, IQ, and dyslexia screen performance. There were no significant correlations between changes in visual processing speed and changes in ADHD symptomatology.ConclusionsADHD in adults may be associated with deficits in three distinct aspects of visual attention. Improvements after 6 weeks of medication are seen specifically in visual processing speed, which could represent an improvement in alertness. Clinical symptoms and visual attentional deficits may represent separate aspects of ADHD in adults.

scholarly journals Attachment and Executive Functions in ADHD Symptomatology—Independent Inputs or an Interaction?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Łukasz Konowałek ◽  
Tomasz Wolańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Attachment Representation ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Symptomatology ◽  
Executive Dysfunctions

Despite a multitude of research on executive functions and attachment in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a synthetic approach to the matter seems to have been lacking. In this review, we attempt to check the available data against two hypotheses: (1) executive functions and attachment influence ADHD symptoms independently; (2) executive functions and attachment interact to produce ADHD symptoms. We found no evidence falsifying the former hypothesis and some evidence to refute the latter. Limitations of current study approaches and suggestions for further research are discussed. Specifically, we propose an attachment representation, rather than attachment style, approach to measuring the mediation thereof between executive dysfunctions and ADHD.

scholarly journals Measures of executive functions predicting Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder core symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshikani T. Boshomane ◽  
Basil J. Pillay ◽  
Anneke Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
Adhd Symptomatology

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder, and in many children, ADHD is thought to be aggravated by a deficit in executive functions (EFs). This study tried to establish whether commonly used neuropsychological tests of EF also predicted the core symptoms of ADHD, namely hyperactivity/impulsiveness (H/I) and inattention, as well as total ADHD symptomatology, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). The participants were children from the Limpopo province, South Africa, aged from 6 to 15 years (M = 11.7 years; SD = 1.7). One hundred and fifty-six children (51.3% girls) were assessed by neuropsychological tests of EFs: the Tower of London (ToL), Digits Forward and Digits Backward, Trails-A and Trails-B and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Forward stepwise regression analysis was employed to predict H/I and inattention, as well as total ADHD symptomatology, based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. All the tests, except Trails-A, were found to predict ADHD symptomatology. The WCST (total errors) was the best predictor of all the ADHD symptoms and also for H/I and inattention separately, followed by Trails-B and Digits Backwards, which were found to predict more symptoms of inattention than H/I. Perseverative errors on the WCST predicted more H/I symptomatology, whilst non-perseverating errors were more associated with inattention. The ToL and Digits Forward predicted fewer ADHD symptoms. The ToL seemed more sensitive to inattention, whilst Digits Forward showed a stronger association with H/I. The WCST, Digits Backwards and Trails-B may be used to measure EF to support the diagnosis of ADHD in a clinical setting and to indicate cognitive impairment.

A Cognitive Remediation Programme for Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 610-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline S Stevenson ◽  
Stephanie Whitmont ◽  
Laurel Bornholt ◽  
David Livesey ◽  
Richard J Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Organizational Skills ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Adhd Symptomatology

Objective: This is the first systematic examination of the efficacy of a cognitive remediation programme (CRP) for management of adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The CRP was designed to target problems commonly associated with adult ADHD, namely, attention problems, poor motivation, poor organizational skills, impulsivity, reduced anger control and low self-esteem. Method: In a randomized, controlled trial, a representative sample of adults with ADHD (some medicated, some not) were assigned to either a CRP (n = 22) or a waiting list control (n = 21). The CRP was delivered in an intensive format with eight two-hour, weekly sessions with support people who acted as coaches, and participant workbooks with homework exercises. Results: Participants who completed the CRP reported reduced ADHD symptomatology (effect size (d) = 1.4), improved organizational skills (d = 1.2) and reduced levels of anger (d = 0.5). Clinically significant improvements in ADHD symptomatology (d = 1.4) and organizational skills (d = 1.3) were maintained one year after the intervention. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the CRP provides a practical way of enhancing daily functioning for adults with ADHD.

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