Childhood Poverty, Extended Family and Adult Poverty

This article aims to explore the Japanese colonial government’s efforts to promote mass movements in Korea which rose suddenly and showed remarkable growth throughout the 1930s. It focuses on two Governor-Generals and the directors of the Education Bureau who created the Social Indoctrination movements under Governor-General Ugaki Kazushige in the early 1930s and the National Spiritual Mobilization Movement of Governor-General Minami Jirō in the late 1930s. The analysis covers their respective political motivations, ideological orientation, and organizational structure. It demonstrates that Ugaki, under the drive to integrate Korea with an economic bloc centered on Japan, adapted the traditional local practices of the colonized based on the claim of “Particularities of Korea,” whereas the second Sino-Japanese War led Minami to emphasize assimilation, utilizing the ideology of the extended-family to give colonial power more direct access to individuals as well as obscuring the unequal nature of the colonial relationship. It argues that the colonial government-led campaigns constituted a core ruling mechanism of Japanese imperialism in the 1930s.

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The Use of Extended Family Groups in the Achievement of Social Goals: Some Policy Implications

Social Problems ◽

10.1525/sp.1959.7.3.03a00020 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 177-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Eugene Litwak

Keyword(s):

Extended Family ◽

Social Goals ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Family Groups

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Pathways to Legalization: Undocumented Mexican Immigrants in the US/Mexico Borderlands, 1942–1956

Kalfou A Journal of Comparative and Relational Ethnic Studies ◽

10.15367/kf.v2i2.67 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ana Elizabeth Rosas

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Family Relationships ◽

Mexican Immigrants ◽

Extended Family ◽

The United States ◽

Mexican Immigrant ◽

Agricultural Laborers ◽

The Us ◽

Us Government ◽

Contract Laborers

In the 1940s, curbing undocumented Mexican immigrant entry into the United States became a US government priority because of an alleged immigration surge, which was blamed for the unemployment of an estimated 252,000 US domestic agricultural laborers. Publicly committed to asserting its control of undocumented Mexican immigrant entry, the US government used Operation Wetback, a binational INS border-enforcement operation, to strike a delicate balance between satisfying US growers’ unending demands for surplus Mexican immigrant labor and responding to the jobs lost by US domestic agricultural laborers. Yet Operation Wetback would also unintentionally and unexpectedly fuel a distinctly transnational pathway to legalization, marriage, and extended family formation for some Mexican immigrants.On July 12, 1951, US president Harry S. Truman’s signing of Public Law 78 initiated such a pathway for an estimated 125,000 undocumented Mexican immigrant laborers throughout the United States. This law was an extension the Bracero Program, a labor agreement between the Mexican and US governments that authorized the temporary contracting of braceros (male Mexican contract laborers) for labor in agricultural production and railroad maintenance. It was formative to undocumented Mexican immigrant laborers’ transnational pursuit of decisively personal goals in both Mexico and the United States.Section 501 of this law, which allowed employers to sponsor certain undocumented laborers, became a transnational pathway toward formalizing extended family relationships between braceros and Mexican American women. This article seeks to begin a discussion on how Operation Wetback unwittingly inspired a distinctly transnational approach to personal extended family relationships in Mexico and the United States among individuals of Mexican descent and varying legal statuses, a social matrix that remains relatively unexplored.

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Historicity of Ecocriticism and Ecocritical History: An Introductory Overview

IJOHMN ◽

10.24113/ijohmn.v5i3.99 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 22-52

Author(s):

Jalal Uddin Khan

Keyword(s):

Extended Family ◽

Nobel Laureate ◽

Amazon Rainforest ◽

Sixth Grader ◽

Leafcutter Ants ◽

Biological Phenomena ◽

Science Story ◽

Introductory Overview ◽

Popular Magazine ◽

Living Organisms

Overlapping and interconnected, interdisciplinary and heterogeneous, amorphous and multi-layered, and deep and broad as it is, countless topics on ecoliterature make ecocriticism a comprehensive catchall term that proposes to look at a text--be it social, cultural, political, religious, or scientific--from naturalist perspectives and moves us from “the community of literature to the larger biospheric community which […] we belong to even as we are destroying it” (William Rueckert). As I was in the middle of writing and researching for this article, I was struck by a piece of nature writing by an eleven year old sixth grader born to his (South Asian and American) mixed parents, both affiliated with Johns Hopkins and already proud to belong to the extended family of a Nobel Laureate in Physics. The young boy, Rizwan Thorne-Lyman, wrote, as his science story project, an incredibly beautiful essay, “A Day in the Life of the Amazon Rainforest.” Reading about the rainforest was one of his interests, I was told. In describing the day-long activities of birds and animals among the tall trees and small plants, the 2 pp.-long narrative actually captures the eternally continuing natural cycle of the Amazon. The budding naturalist’s neat classification of the wild life into producers (leafy fruit and flowering plants and trees), consumers (caimans/crocodiles, leafcutter ants, capuchin monkey), predators (macaws, harpy eagles, jaguars, green anaconda), decomposers (worms, fungi and bacteria), parasites (phorid flies) and scavengers (millipedes) was found to be unforgettably impressive. Also the organization of the essay into the Amazon’s mutually benefitting and organically functioning flora and fauna during the day--sunrise, midday, and sunset--was unmistakably striking. I congratulated him as an aspiring environmentalist specializing in rain forest. I encouraged him that he should try to get his essay published in a popular magazine like Reader’s Digest (published did he get in no time indeed![i]) and that he should also read about (and visit) Borneo in Southeast Asia, home to other great biodiverse rainforests of the world. I called him “soft names” as a future Greenpeace and Environmental Protection leader and theorist, a soon-to-be close friend of Al Gore’s. The promising boy’s understanding, however short, of the Amazon ecology and ecosystem and the biological phenomena of its living organisms was really amazing. His essay reminded me of other famous nature writings, especially those by Fiona Macleod (see below), that are the pleasure of those interested in the ecocriticism of the literature of place--dooryards, backyards, outdoors, open fields, parks and farms, fields and pastures, and different kinds of other wildernesses. [i] https://stonesoup.com/post/a-day-in-the-life-in-the-amazon-rainforest/

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VARIABLE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN AN EXTENDED FAMILY WITH NFKBIA HAPLOINSUFFICIENCY

10.26226/morressier.57bc1756d462b80290b4d932 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

James Verbsky

Keyword(s):

Extended Family ◽

Clinical Manifestations

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KELUARGA SEBAGAI BASIS KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA DI SEI GOHONG, PALANGKA RAYA KALIMANTAN TENGAH

Jurnal Mediasosian : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Administrasi Negara ◽

10.30737/mediasosian.v3i2.607 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Josef Dudi ◽

Rizki Yudha Bramantyo

Keyword(s):

Extended Family

AbstraksiProses menjalankan ibadah keagamaan urusan pribadi, namun sebagai makhluk sosial, tentu tidak bisa bebas dari interaksi sosial. Kondisi inilah yang sedang dan mungkin terus terjadi di Sei Gohong Kalimantan Tengah tersebut. Oleh karena itu pembahasan kepribadian atau profil sosial masyarakat Sei Gohong merupakan kerangka makna dalam menuntun analisis yang holisitik (menyeluruh). Pemahaman profil sosial menjadi sangat penting guna memberikan bobot analisis terhadap interaksi sosial masyarakat plural agama di Sei Gohong. Pemahaman profil sosial tersebut diawali dari profil keluarga. Sebab disanalah tercermin kepribadian dan karakter dari setiap penghuni keluarga, yang akhirnya bermuara pada masyarakatnya. Pertanyaannya adalah bagaimana kontribusi keluarga dalam membentuk masyarakat plural agama menjadi masyarakat yang harmonis di Sei Gohong Kalimantan Tengah ?Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknik purposive sebagai pendekatqan untuk menentukan informan, Maka yang menjadi informan adalah 2 orang tokoh masyarakat, 4 orang tokoh agama, 4 orang tokoh pemuda dan seorang kepala desa. dan teknik observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Uji validasi data sumber digunakan untuk menguji kebenaran data. Teknik analisis interaktif digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian adalah keluarga merupakan institusi sosial dasar yang paling berperan dalam mentukan pola interaksi suatu komunitas atau kelompok masyarakat. Bentuk keluarga Di Sei Gohong umumnya adalah keluarga inti dan merupakan keluarga yang terikat dengan keluarga (extended family), yang mempunyai pengaruh kuat dalam meknisme sosial dan proses interaksi. Dalam konteks demikian, ikatan keluarga menjadi unsur penting dalam mengatasi perbedaan-perbedaan, termasuk perbedaan agama yang mereka anut. Terdapat kepekaan epistemik dalam perkawinan beda agama. Adanya prinsip Balom Bahadat dalam interaksi sosial masyarakat plural agama dan pahuni di Sei Gohong Kalimantan Tengah. Kata Kunci : Keluarga, Bahadat dan Pahuni, Plural Agama.

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