Sequential internationalization, heterogeneous process and subsidiary roles: the case of Hyundai Motor Company*

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Sok Suh ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Myung Hyun Nam ◽  
Xiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Process ◽  
Subsidiary Roles

CuO/CNTs-catalyzed heterogeneous process: a convenient strategy to prepare furan derivatives from electron-deficient alkynes and α-hydroxy ketones

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Cao ◽  
Huan-Feng Jiang ◽  
Xiao-Song Zhou ◽  
Chao-Rong Qi ◽  
Yuan-Guang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Furan Derivatives ◽  
Heterogeneous Process ◽  
Hydroxy Ketones

scholarly journals Characterization of the institutionalization of pharmaceutical services in Brazilian primary health care

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (suppl.2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisélia Santana Souza ◽  
Ediná Alves Costa ◽  
Rafael Damasceno de Barros ◽  
Marcelo Tavares Pereira ◽  
Joslene Lacerda Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Heterogeneous Process ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Computerized System ◽  
Municipal Health

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the current stage of the institutionalization of pharmaceutical services in Brazilian cities. METHODS: This study is part of the Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos (PNAUM – National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines), a cross-sectional, exploratory, and evaluative study composed by an information survey in a representative sample of cities, stratified by Brazilian regions. We interviewed municipal secretaries of health, responsible for pharmaceutical services, and pharmacists responsible for the dispensing of medicines. The variables selected from the interviews were grouped into five dimensions that defined three stages of pharmaceutical services institutionalization: incipient (0%-34.0%), partial (35.0%-69.0%), and advanced (70.0%-100%), estimated based on the interviewees’ answers. Frequencies were estimated with 95% confidence intervals. For the statistical association analysis, the Chi-square test was applied, with significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS: Our results show a partial and heterogeneous process of institutionalization of pharmaceutical services in Brazil, and an advanced stage in formal structures, such as the municipal health plans and the existence of a standardized list of medicines. The analysed variables in the “organization, structure, and financing” dimension configured stages that range from partial to advanced. The management presented partial institutionalization, positively showing the existence of computerized system, but also disparate results regarding the autonomy in the management of financial resources. Indispensable items related to the structure expressed disparities between the regions, with statistically significant differences. CONCLUSION: The study showed a partial and heterogeneous process of institutionalization of pharmaceutical services in Brazilian cities, showing regional disparities. Variables related to the normative aspects of institutionalization were positively highlighted in all dimensions; however, it is necessary to conduct new studies to evaluate the institutionalization of pharmaceutical services’ finalistic activities

scholarly journals Surgical stress response and promotion of metastasis in colorectal cancer: a complex and heterogeneous process

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Behrenbruch ◽  
Carolyn Shembrey ◽  
Sophie Paquet-Fifield ◽  
Christina Mølck ◽  
Hyun-Jung Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Surgical Stress Response ◽  
Heterogeneous Process

Resource Flows within Multinational Corporations: Implications for Subsidiary Strategy

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46
Author(s):  
Jiatao LiTrond Randøy ◽  
Trond Randøy
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Multinational Corporation ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Foreign Subsidiaries ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Resource Flows ◽  
Subsidiary Roles

Built on the network conceptualization of the multinational corporation (MNC) in the literature, this paper explores three sets of intra-MNC resource flows that facilitate global integration: capital, knowledge, and product flows. By considering both the direction and intensity of the resource flows, this paper presents a framework for analyzing the strategic roles of foreign subsidiaries. We explore this framework with data on U.S. subsidiaries of foreign companies in 46 manufacturing and service industries and 24 MNC home countries. Differences in subsidiary roles are analyzed along two dimensions: the extent to which the subsidiary is a provider of resources to, or a user from, the MNC network. The results provide strong support for differentiated subsidiary roles in relation to the direction and intensity of intra-MNC resource flows. This framework provides managers with better understanding of global integration across subsidiaries.

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