Use of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Digit Span subtest for malingering detection: A meta-analytic review

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey J. Jasinski ◽  
David T. R. Berry ◽  
Anni L. Shandera ◽  
Jessica A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Digit Span ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Malingering Detection

scholarly journals Detection of Malingering Using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV for Psychiatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 526-532
Author(s):  
An Kook On ◽  
Kyu-Sic Hwang ◽  
Seung-Ho Jang ◽  
Hye-Jin Lee ◽  
Min-Jung Soh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Group 1

Objective Psychiatric patients sometimes show poor performance or exaggerated symptoms as malingering for secondary gain. The aim of this study was to introduce cut-off scores for detecting poor performance using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) in psychiatric patients.Methods Participants were 261 in- and out-patients who visited psychiatry department. They were classified into 4 group- 1) military service, 2) traumatic brain injury (TBI), 3) psychosis, 4) neurosis. A Digit Span subtest (called as Reliable Digit Span, RDS) of WAIS was used to detect malingering. This study considered a score of 10% base rate as RDS cut-off score.Results The RDS cut-off score was shown at 7 pts for military service group, at 3 pts for TBI group, at 6 pts for psychosis group, and at 6 pts for neurosis group.Conclusion This study first introduced RDS cut-off scores for malingering psychiatric patients in South Korea. In clinical practice, clinicians may be able to utilize the RDS cut-off scores for malingering-suspected patients. In particular, for patients with military service issues, 7 or less pts of RDS can be used for detecting and inferring their malingering.

Selecting Tetradic Short Forms of the Taiwan Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV

Assessment ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1633-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsinyi Chen ◽  
Mau-Sun Hua
Keyword(s):  
Digit Span ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Digit Symbol ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Short Forms ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Estimation Quality

Factor-based Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) tetrads were investigated using the Taiwan WAIS-IV standardization sample of 1,105 normal adults aged between 16 and 90 years. Various psychometric characteristics, time constraints, and qualities of estimation were compared among 90 tetrads using linear equation procedures. Among the tetrads, the Information–Visual Puzzle–Digit Span–Digit Symbol combination had higher performance than the other combinations with respect to overall estimation quality and time saved. Moreover, the Similarities–Visual Puzzle–Digit Span–Digit Symbol, Information–Matrix Reasoning–Digit Span–Digit Symbol, and Information–Visual Puzzle–Letter Number Sequencing–Digit Symbol combinations obtained the most efficient estimates. For clinicians who value the utility of Block Design, the Information–Block Design–Digit Span–Digit Symbol combination was found to provide high estimation quality. The findings also revealed that the previously recommended Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Third Edition tetrads are no longer the best solutions for the WAIS-IV. Furthermore, even the selected WAIS-IV tetrads had substantial misclassification rates; the four-factor short forms tend to underestimate the full-scaled IQ for highly intelligent adults. Therefore, these short forms should be used cautiously and for screening purposes only.

Seating Arrangement and State Anxiety as Related to Performance on Digit Span and Digit Symbol of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Steyaert ◽  
John F. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Digit Symbol ◽  
Check List ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Seating Arrangement ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

This research investigated the effects of dyadic seating arrangement as it related to performance on the Digit Span and Digit Symbol subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised (WAIS—R) and on anxiety as measured by the “Now” version of the Affective Adjective Check List. The WAIS—R subtests and the “Now” version of the check list were administered to 40 men and 40 women to determine correlation of seating arrangement with sex of subject and performance on the WAIS—R subtests and “Now” check list. Seating arrangement (subject seated face-to-face with a desk between, versus the corner of a desk between subject and experimenter) and sex of subject had no significant effect on WAIS—R subtest scores. State anxiety was unrelated to scores or dyad seating arrangement or sex of subjects.

Auditory and Visual Recall of Forward and Backward Digit Spans

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1099-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas H. Powell ◽  
Mark D. Hiatt
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Auditory Presentation ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Increasingly, clinicians obtain data from tests across modalities. Little actual information, however, exists as to normal patterns. An example is auditory and visual recall of digit span. The effects of modality on recall of digit span, sequence, and order were examined with 80 subjects ( M age 24.3 yr.). Subjects were given the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, and a research version of MicroCog: Assessment of Cognitive Functioning. Both contain forward and backward digit spans. Recall for visual presentation was significantly stronger than for auditory presentation of backward digit span. Recall for visual backward digit span was also superior to auditory backward digit span when the sequence of presentation was controlled. The mean number of digits recalled was higher when visual digit span was preceded by auditory digit span.

scholarly journals Stronger Together: The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Fourth Edition as a Multivariate Performance Validity Test in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo A Erdodi ◽  
Christopher A Abeare
Keyword(s):  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Performance Validity Assessment ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Abstract Objective This study was designed to evaluate the classification accuracy of a multivariate model of performance validity assessment using embedded validity indicators (EVIs) within the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). Method Archival data were collected from 100 adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) consecutively referred for neuropsychological assessment in a clinical setting. The classification accuracy of previously published individual EVIs nested within the WAIS-IV and a composite measure based on six independent EVIs were evaluated against psychometrically defined non-credible performance. Results Univariate validity cutoffs based on age-corrected scaled scores on Coding, Symbol Search, Digit Span, Letter-Number-Sequencing, Vocabulary minus Digit Span, and Coding minus Symbol Search were strong predictors of psychometrically defined non-credible responding. Failing ≥3 of these six EVIs at the liberal cutoff improved specificity (.91–.95) over univariate cutoffs (.78–.93). Conversely, failing ≥2 EVIs at the more conservative cutoff increased and stabilized sensitivity (.43–.67) compared to univariate cutoffs (.11–.63) while maintaining consistently high specificity (.93–.95). Conclusions In addition to being a widely used test of cognitive functioning, the WAIS-IV can also function as a measure of performance validity. Consistent with previous research, combining information from multiple EVIs enhanced the classification accuracy of individual cutoffs and provided more stable parameter estimates. If the current findings are replicated in larger, diagnostically and demographically heterogeneous samples, the WAIS-IV has the potential to become a powerful multivariate model of performance validity assessment. Brief Summary Using a combination of multiple performance validity indicators embedded within the subtests of theWechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the credibility of the response set can be establishedwith a high level of confidence. Multivariatemodels improve classification accuracy over individual tests. Relying on existing test data is a cost-effective approach to performance validity assessment.

scholarly journals Format Effects of iPad Administration of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition: Cross-Sectional Evidence for Score Equivalency in Routine Clinical Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1283-1287
Author(s):  
Stephanie Ruth Young
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Abstract Objective The literature lacks independent investigations of the influence of tablet administration of cognitive assessments in applied clinical settings. The present study examined the influence of iPad administration on (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition) WAIS-IV core subtest scores in a university-based clinic. Method Record review was conducted for a convenience sample (N = 66) of university students who were administered the WAIS-IV via iPad or traditional format. Bayesian difference testing was used to evaluate the strength of the evidence for subtest score equivalence across groups. Results Evidence supported score equivalency for the 10 core subtests across administration groups (BF > 3). The one exception was digit span-forward condition, for which equivalence was supported (BF = 2.44), but did not meet cut-off criteria. Conclusions iPad administration of WAIS-IV is unlikely to influence subtest scores in routine clinical practice with healthy young adults. Further independent research in diverse clinical populations is recommended.

Geschlechtseffekte bei Intelligenz- und Gedächtnisleistungen

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja C. Lepach ◽  
Wiebke Reimers ◽  
Franz Pauls ◽  
Franz Petermann ◽  
Monika Daseking
Keyword(s):  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Diese Studie untersucht die Zusammenhänge von Intelligenz- und Gedächtnisleistungen in der Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV und der Wechsler Memory Scale-IV unter Berücksichtigung des Geschlechts (N = 137 Gesunde, 63 w/74 m). Ein Vorteil der weiblichen Testpersonen im verbalen episodischen Gedächtnis sowie in einzelnen Aufgaben zur Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit konnte beobachtet werden. Die männlichen Testpersonen schnitten in den Untertests Allgemeines Wissen und Visuelle Puzzles besser ab. Wie gut Gedächtnisleistungen Intelligenzleistungen erklären beziehungsweise vorhersagen, ist aufgrund unserer Ergebnisse nicht nur abhängig von den Aufgaben, sondern auch vom Geschlecht.

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