Phthalate exposure in pregnant women and the influence of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke

Background: Exposure to ETS (environmental tobacco smoke) is one of the most toxic environmental exposures. Objective: To investigate the association of ETS with physiological, biochemical, and psychological indicators, as well as with urine antioxidant capacity (AC) and oxidative damage to lipids in a pilot sample of healthy pregnant women. Methods: Exposure to ETS was investigated via a validated questionnaire, and urine cotinine and the marker of oxidative damage to lipids via 8-isoprostane concentrations using an ELISA kit. Urine AC was determined by the spectrophotometric Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) method. From a sample of pregnant women (n = 319, average age 30.84 ± 5.09 years) in 80, the levels of cotinine and oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Results: Among the 80 pregnant women, 5% (7.4% confirmed by cotinine) reported being current smokers and 25% reported passive smoking in the household (18.8% confirmed by cotinine). The Kappa was 0.78 for smokers and 0.22 for ETS-exposed nonsmokers. Pregnant women in the ETS-exposed group had significantly reduced AC compared to both the nonsmoker (ETS−) and the smoker groups (p < 0.05). Nonsmokers had significantly lower levels of 8-isoprostane than smokers (p < 0.01) and ETS-exposed nonsmokers (p < 0.05). Correlations between urine levels of cotinine and AC were positive in ETS-exposed nonsmokers. Conclusion: A harmful association of active and passive smoking and oxidative stress parameters among pregnant women has been indicated.

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Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) among pregnant women visiting primary health care (PHC) in Makkah

International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health ◽

10.5455/ijmsph.2014.270320142 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 672 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shadi Banoon

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Primary Health

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TRANSITIONS IN DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN EXPOSED TO ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE: AN APPLICATION OF LATENT TRANSITION ANALYSIS

Advances and Applications in Statistics ◽

10.17654/as055010019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 19-34

Author(s):

Alfred K. Mbah ◽

Wei Wei He ◽

Ronee Wilson ◽

O’Neil Lynch ◽

Karen Bruder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Latent Transition Analysis ◽

Transition Analysis ◽

Latent Transition

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Discrepancy between Self-Reported and Urine Cotinine-Verified Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure among Rural Pregnant Women in China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15071499 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 1499 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Xia Xiao ◽

Yan Li ◽

Xiaoxiao Song ◽

Qinghua Xu ◽

Siwei Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Rural Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽

Tobacco Exposure ◽

Third Trimester ◽

The Family

Prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is the most modifiable risk factor associated with adverse child-health outcomes. However, few longitudinal studies are implemented to compare the rates of discrepancy between self-reported (SR) and urinary cotinine (UC)-verified ETS exposure during the three trimesters of pregnancy, especially in rural areas. The objectives of this study were to assess the discrepancy between SR and UC-verified ETS exposure among rural women employing three measures throughout pregnancy, and to explore predictors related to these differences. This study used a prospective prenatal cohort consisting of 420 pregnant women whose ETS exposure was entirely evaluated by both SR and UC verification across three trimesters of pregnancy. Environmental tobacco exposure was assessed via SR verification, and was validated using the limit of detection for UC. The discrepancy rates were determined for each trimester. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the predictors associated with these differences. The discrepancy rates between SR and UC verification were 25.2%, 17.1%, and 20.5% (first, second, and third trimester, respectively). The highest inconsistency occurred in the first trimester. After adjusting for confounding factors, the following variables were found to have statistically significant associations with the discrepancy rate between SR and UC-verified ETS exposure: the number of smokers in the family and household income for all three trimesters, township site for the second and third trimester, and gravidity for the last trimester. The SR rate of ETS exposure among rural pregnant women is underreported, while the UC-verified rate is higher. More smokers in the family and gravidity may increase the risk of ETS exposure for pregnant women. Biochemical validation is warranted throughout pregnancy for the adoption of home-smoking bans and the promotion of community-based smoke-free programs.

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