Impact of meconium consistency on infant resuscitation and respiratory outcomes: a retrospective-cohort study and systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ratchada Kitsommart ◽  
Narongrit Thammawong ◽  
Kanokwan Sommai ◽  
Jittiyaporn Yangnoy ◽  
Walaiporn Bowornkitiwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes

scholarly journals Ustekinumab is effective for perianal fistulising Crohn's disease: a real-world experience and systematic review with meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000702
Author(s):  
Gala M Godoy Brewer ◽  
George Salem ◽  
Muhammad A Afzal ◽  
Berkeley N Limketkai ◽  
Zadid Haq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Symptomatic Remission

BackgroundPerianal Crohn’s disease (pCD) is a debilitating complication affecting up to 30% of Crohn’s disease (CD) population, leading to increased morbidity, mortality and decreased quality of life. Despite the growing armamentarium of medications for luminal CD, their efficacy in pCD remains poorly studied.AimTo determine the efficacy of ustekinumab, a biologic approved for luminal CD, in pCD through a retrospective cohort study and systematic review.MethodsA retrospective cohort study on patients with CD with active perianal fistulae treated with ustekinumab from September 2013 to August 2019 was performed to determine perianal fistula response and remission at 6 and 12 months after ustekinumab induction. A systematic review was performed to further establish rates of fistula response and remission with ustekinumab.ResultsAt 6 months, 48.1% (13/27) patients achieved fistula response with none achieving fistula remission on provider exam, and 59.3% (16/27) achieved patient-reported symptomatic improvement with 3.7% (1/27) achieving symptomatic remission. At 1 year, on provider exam, 55.6% (5/9) had fistula response with none achieving fistula remission, and 100% (9/9) had symptomatic improvement with 22.2% (2/9) achieving symptomatic remission. There were no major safety signals during 1-year follow-up. The systematic review of 25 studies found 44% (92/209) of patients with active perianal fistulas had a clinical response within 6 months of follow-up, and 53.9% (85/152) of patients with 12 months of follow-up achieved clinical response.ConclusionUstekinumab presents a safe and effective therapy for treatment of pCD. Prospective, randomised trials are needed to further elucidate long-term efficacy of ustekinumab for pCD.

scholarly journals Low blood sodium increases risk and severity of COVID-19: a systematic review, meta-analysis and retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Luo ◽  
Yirong Li ◽  
Jiapei Dai
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Serum Sodium Concentration ◽  
The Mean

Background Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infects human lung tissue cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), and the body sodium is an important factor for regulating the expression of ACE2. Through a systematic review, meta-analysis and retrospective cohort study, we found that the low blood sodium population may significantly increase the risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods We extracted the data of serum sodium concentrations of patients with COVID-19 on admission from the articles published between Jan 1 and April 28, 2020, and analyzed the relationship between the serum sodium concentrations and the illness severity of patients. Then we used a cohort of 244 patients with COVID-19 for a retrospective analysis. Results We identified 36 studies, one of which comprised 2736 patients.The mean serum sodium concentration in patients with COVID-19 was 138.6 mmol/L, which was much lower than the median level in population (142.0). The mean serum sodium concentration in severe/critical patients (137.0) was significantly lower than those in mild and moderate patients (140.8 and 138.7, respectively). Such findings were confirmed in a retrospective cohort study, of which the mean serum sodium concentration in all patients was 137.5 mmol/L, and the significant differences were found between the mild (139.2) and moderate (137.2) patients, and the mild and severe/critical (136.6) patients. Interestingly, such changes were not obvious in the serum chlorine and potassium concentrations. Conclusions The low sodium state of patients with COVID-19 may not be the consequence of virus infection, but could be a physiological state possibly caused by living habits such as low salt diet and during aging process, which may result in ACE2 overexpression, and increase the risk and severity of COVID-19. These findings may provide a new idea for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

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