Does improving poison prevention practices reduce childhood poisoning rates

Fergusson et al stated that the use of Mr Yuk labels was not a deterrent to childhood poisoning incidents. Based upon their methodology the results of the study are not surprising. Mr Yuk labels and other poison warning labels such as the skull and crossbones and Officer Ugg represent a small aspect of a total poison prevention education and information system. The labels have two primary functions—to create awareness of a particular poison center and to serve as a deterrent.

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REPETITIVE POISONING IN CHILDREN: A PSYCHOSOCIAL STUDY

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.35.4.641 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 641-651

Author(s):

Raymond Sobel ◽

James A. Margolis

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Problems ◽

Religious Affiliation ◽

Parental Supervision ◽

Parent Child Relationship ◽

Child Relationship ◽

Childhood Poisoning ◽

Purposeful Behavior ◽

Poison Prevention ◽

Poisoning In Children ◽

Family Psychopathology

The families of 20 poison repeaters, 19 single ingestors, and 13 controls were studied. Social class, religious affiliation, income, geographic setting, and family size do not seem to be correlated with repeated episodes of poisoning in children. The present study indicates that repetitive poisoning in children is not related to accident proneness, pica, environmental hazard, or lack of parental supervision. Ingestion of poisons seems to be the result of purposeful behavior on the pant of the child. Correlated with this behavior, especially in the case of the poison repeater, are: hyperactivity, negativism and other behavioral problems of the child, limited parent-child relationship, marital tension, and a tense and distant family atmosphere. The first ingestion may be the result of the child's negativism, imitation of the parent's pill-taking, or confusion with food and is rarely the result of chance alone. Subsequent ingestions seem to be inappropriate methods the child uses to gain more relatedness with his parents or to express anger or negativism. The physician's role in poison prevention should be to help parents of preschool children establish a cautious but confident attitude toward childhood poisoning and to realize that childhood poisoning may indicate family psychopathology which may require treatment.

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Child-resistant containers for preventing childhood poisoning

10.1002/14651858.cd005012 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Majda Al Fallah ◽

Mairin Boland ◽

Dominique Crowley ◽

Patricia Fitzpatrick ◽

Elaine Scallan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Childhood Poisoning

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Poison Prevention Week

New England Journal of Medicine ◽

10.1056/nejm196703162761115 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 276 (11) ◽

pp. 638-638

Keyword(s):

Poison Prevention

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Management of acute childhood poisoning

Current Problems in Pediatrics ◽

10.1016/s0045-9380(71)80005-1 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

pp. 3-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joel J. Alpert ◽

Frederick H. Lovejoy

Keyword(s):

Childhood Poisoning

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MOTHER FIGHTS TO RUIN THE TASTE OF POISON

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.84.4.a42 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 84 (4) ◽

pp. A42-A42

Author(s):

J. F. L.

Keyword(s):

Public Service ◽

Executive Director ◽

The United States ◽

Public Television ◽

Small Children ◽

Nail Polish ◽

Household Products ◽

Promising Area ◽

Poison Prevention ◽

Flavoring Agent

On March 6, a mother in Oregon watched a public television report about British companies that were discouraging children from eating poisonous household products by lacing them with Bitrex, the world's bitterest flavoring agent. The woman, Lynn Tylczak, who has two small children and lives in Albany, 60 miles south of Portland, began a letter-writing campaign that is focusing attention on poison prevention. She may also be speeding Bitrex's journey to supermarket shelves in products like detergents, nail-polish removers, rodenticides and antifreeze. "Mrs. Tylczak has already achieved a certain victory by bringing national attention to this issue," said Linda Golodner, executive director of the National Consumers League in Washington. "She has shown that a single consumer can make a difference." Now she is encouraging manufacturers to add Bitrex to their products by sharing with them letters of support that are sent to her group, the Poison-Proff Project (4384 S.E. Ermine Street, Albany, Ore. 97321). `A Very Promising Area' Consumer and safety organizations in the United States are beginning to notice. On May 5, the National Safety Council, a 13,000-member public-service organization, called on manufacturers to use Bitrex in all appropriate household products. "Bitrex is the most bitter substance known to man," according to the Merck Index. In 1982, some British companies began using Bitrex in household products to deter inquisitive children, but the practice did not grow until two years ago, when the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents endorsed its use.

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Poison Centers, Poison Prevention, and the Pediatrician

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.94.2.220 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 220-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Frederick H. Lovejoy ◽

William O. Robertson ◽

Alan D. Woolf

Keyword(s):

The United States ◽

Poison Control ◽

Poison Center ◽

Department Of Health ◽

Household Products ◽

Prevention Model ◽

Poison Centers ◽

History Of ◽

Poison Prevention ◽

Remarkable Progress

The first poison centers were established in the United States in the early 1950s, stimulated by an American Academy of Pediatrics' survey of office-based pediatric practices which ascertained that its members had no place to turn for ingredient information on medications and household products.1 With the help of the Academy, pediatrician Dr. Edward Press, the Illinois Department of Health, and several community hospitals, the first poison center emerged. Over the subsequent 40 years, remarkable progress has occurred in the fields of clinical toxicology, poison control, and poison prevention. Yet despite these accomplishments, challenging clouds are appearing on the horizon which threaten these gains. This commentary, by the authors who have viewed and participated in a large part of the history of this progress, will focus on these major accomplishments with an emphasis on (a) poison prevention utilizing the pre-event (primary prevention), (b) the event (secondary prevention), and (c) the postevent (tertiary prevention) model.2

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INTRODUCTION

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.104.s4.647 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 104 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 647-647

Author(s):

ROGER SUCHYTA

Keyword(s):

Continuing Education ◽

Annual Meeting ◽

Washington Dc ◽

Cd Rom ◽

Document Delivery ◽

American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽

Special Supplement ◽

Personal Use ◽

Poison Prevention ◽

Computer Disk

Dear Colleague: The American Academy of Pediatrics Department of Committees and Sections are pleased to present this supplement to PEDIATRICS. This is the fourth supplement devoted entirely to abstracts of presentations given at the Academy's Annual Meeting. It contains a vast array of subspecialty information in a structured abstract format, which will be indexed in the journal and be retrievable through all of the document delivery systems that feature PEDIATRICS. It will also be available on the yearly CD ROM update of PEDIATRICS. In addition this publication will serve as a guide and timetable for the Academy's Section programs which will be offered at the AAP 1999 Annual Meeting to be held October 9-13 in Washington, DC. Please remember to bring this, your complimentary copy, to the meeting! A limited number of additional copies for your personal use or distribution to colleagues will be available at the meeting. Sections are arranged alphabetically. A Section's educational schedule appears first, followed by the complete text of the abstracts. Abstracts are identified by a number that appears in the left column of the schedule; this same number will identify the expanded text. Abstracts are numbered consecutively within each Section. Please note that the Section on Allergy has elected to print their schedule only. A great deal of time and effort has been volunteered by the Academy Section members to develop these programs and to write and coordinate the abstracts for this special supplement. In particular, we would like to acknowledge the contributions of of Kathleen Ozmeral (editor); Larry Mahoney, MD (Cardiology); Andrew Spooner, MD (Computers and Other Technologies); Niranjan Kissoon, MD (Critical Care); Daniel Isaacman, MD (Emergency Medicine), Flaura Winston, MD (Injury and Poison Prevention); Robert Cady, MD (Orthopaedics); Bruce Maddem, MD (Otolaryngology); William Engle, MD (Perinatal Pediatrics); Max Langham, MD (Surgery); Thomas Abramo, MD (Transport Medicine); and Craig Peters, MD (Urology). I believe that we have planned a full schedule of informative and educational Section activities at the Annual Meeting and hope that this abstract compendium/program guide will be useful to all attendees. As always, Section programs are open to all registrants, and you should feel free to move from one section meeting to another as topics of interest to you are presented throughout each day. Our sponsor for this project, Pasteur Merieux Connaught, concurs with the Academy that the continuing education of our members and allied health colleagues is of paramount importance. We appreciate the company's support in helping to bring this project to AAP members and PEDIATRICS subscribers. The abstracts will also be available on computer disk at the Annual Meeting at the Pasteur Merieux Connaught exhibit booth (Booth #809). We look forward to seeing you in Washington DC.

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