Management of acute childhood poisoning

Background: Accidental childhood poisoning is a recognized preventable cause of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. This studywas aimed at determining the prevalence, pattern, and outcome of childhood poisoning among children in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. Material and Methods: Medical records of all cases of accidental childhood poisoning admitted into Children’s emergency room (CHER) of the health facility of study between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively identified and relevant data extracted and analyzed usingSPSS version 22. Results: Out of the 7,700 children that presented to CHER over a 5- year period, 42 were cases of poisoning, giving prevalence rate of 0.5%. Of the 42 cases, only 20 case notes were retrieved. The male to female ratio was 2.3:1 while the ages ranged between 6months and 14 years with the mean age of 3.06±2.88. Kerosene poisoning had the highest proportion of 50.0% (10/20) with the overall mortality rate of 5.0% (1/20).The relationship between age, place of residence and outcome in poisoned children was statistically significant (p = 0.038, 0.045 respectively). Conclusion: Accidental childhood poisoning is common in Abakaliki. Kerosene still remained the major agent while male toddlers were most vulnerable. There is need to intensify enlightenment campaigns and education of the public about the hazard of improper storage of kerosene and other implicated substances at home. Keywords: Accidental poisoning, Childhood, Kerosene

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Childhood accidental poisoning among hospitalised children in a tertiary health care in North Central Nigeria - A two year prospective report

Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics ◽

10.4314/njp.v47i3.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

Author(s):

P.A. Ahmed ◽

V.E. Nwatah ◽

C.C. Ulonnam

Keyword(s):

Hospital Stay ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Acute Poisoning ◽

Accidental Poisoning ◽

Time Interval ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Severity Scores ◽

Childhood Poisoning ◽

Home Intervention ◽

The Mean

Background: The young child can be at risk of accidental poisoning because of its being very inquisitive to mouth objects. The prevalence and typesof poisoning vary within Nigeria and different parts of the world. Aim: To describe the sociodemographics, clinical features and outcome in childhood poisoning seen at the National hospital Abuja (NHA) Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive prospective study on children admitted for acute poisoning from September 2014 -August 2016. Consecutive children with a history of poisoning were recruited during the study period. The children were examined, and poison severity scores were recorded into a proforma, and followed up till discharge or demise. Results: Twenty-two children were admitted for acute poisoning, out of the 2336 children seen during the study period, with a prevalence rate of 0.94%. Fourteen (63.6%) were of upper social class, with 12 (54. 5%) mothers having tertiary level education. The mean time (±SD) of presentation was 11.9 ± 23.9 hours, while the mean (SD) duration of hospital stay was 4.8 ± 6.2 days; hospital stay was significant with types of poisoning (Fisher exact test 22.062, p<0.0001). The common poisoning agents were kerosene and organophosphate, 8(36.4%) each, while main clinical features were cough in 8 (36.4%), tachypnoea in 7(31.8%), fever in 6 (27.3%) and 8(36.4%) had home intervention. Two (9.1%) and 4(18.2%) had poison severity scores (PSS) of 3 and 4 respectively, which was significant for time interval of presentation and use of harmful home intervention (Fisher exact test3.697, p=0.024) and (Fisher exact test10.04, p=0.018) respectively. Fatality was 18.2%. Conclusion: kerosene and organophosphate were most common poison agents, while PSS was related to time of presentation, home intervention and types of poisoning agents. Key words: childhood, poisoning, hospitalized, outcome.

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Sociodemographic profile of pediatric poisoning cases

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20202524 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 1469

Author(s):

Arpitha B. ◽

Adarsh E. ◽

Rajanish K. V.

Keyword(s):

Hospital Admission ◽

Lower Class ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Accidental Poisoning ◽

Study Analysis ◽

Medical College ◽

Emergency Hospital Admission ◽

Childhood Poisoning ◽

Sociodemographic Profile ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Poisoning is one of the commonest cause of emergency hospital admission in children. The accidental poisoning is seen more commonly in toddlers and intentional poisoning is seen in adolescents. Rapid globalization and increased stress has increased the risk of suicidal poisoning. The accidental poisoning can be reduced by proper education to parents and by keeping poisonous substances out of reach of the child.Methods: The study was carried out over 18 months. Sociodemographic profile of pediatric cases was studied in department of pediatrics at Rajarajeswari medical college and hospital. Descriptive study analysis was done.Results: During 18 month study period, 34 cases were analysed. The incidence was found to be 1.64%. Male:female ratio was found to be 1:1.6. Majority belonged to upper lower class and majority were from urban class.Conclusions: The importance childhood poisoning with its association with socio-demographic factors were studied and intervention were done.

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Does Mr Yuk Work?

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.70.6.1012a ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

pp. 1012-1013

Author(s):

EDWARD P. KRENZELOK

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Poison Center ◽

Warning Labels ◽

Prevention Education ◽

Childhood Poisoning ◽

Poison Prevention

Fergusson et al stated that the use of Mr Yuk labels was not a deterrent to childhood poisoning incidents. Based upon their methodology the results of the study are not surprising. Mr Yuk labels and other poison warning labels such as the skull and crossbones and Officer Ugg represent a small aspect of a total poison prevention education and information system. The labels have two primary functions—to create awareness of a particular poison center and to serve as a deterrent.

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Disparities Among In-hospital Unintentional Childhood Poisoning-related Deaths and Underreporting to the Regional Poison Control Center

10.1542/peds.141.1_meetingabstract.63 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth Q. Hines ◽

Robert S. Hoffman ◽

Mark K. Su

Keyword(s):

Poison Control ◽

Poison Control Center ◽

Control Center ◽

Childhood Poisoning

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PUBLIC HEALTH

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.28.3.480 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 480-489

Author(s):

Leslie Corsa ◽

Reuel A. Stallones

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Birth Certificate ◽

Accidental Poisoning ◽

Case Group ◽

Toxic Materials ◽

Childhood Poisoning ◽

Comparison Groups

Inquiry was made into certain factors related or believed to be related to the occurrence of accidental poisoning of children by interviewing members of the families of 466 children reported as poison cases from the hospitals of Alameda and Contra Costa Counties, California. Two other groups, one drawn from the birth certificate files, and one selected from families residing near the families of the poisoned children, were interviewed for comparison. The poison cases were similar in most respects to those reported previously in the literature. The risk of poisoning reached an abrupt peak at 29 months of age and was slightly higher for boys than for girls. Aspirin and other drugs were the offending materials in two-thirds of the cases. Mothers were responsible for the supervision of the poisoned child in over 80% of the events. The families of the poison case group and the comparison groups were more remarkable in their similarities than in their differences. Although they were similar in composition, the parents of the poisoned children were, on the average, 3 to 5 years younger than the parents of the comparison group families. The mothers of the poisoned children were 3 times as likely to have jobs outside the home as were the mothers in the comparison group. The families of the poison cases reported previous similar incidents involving their children more often than the families of the comparison groups. This study indicates to some degree the complexity of the factors that apparently influence the risk of childhood poisoning other than simply the availability and accessibility of toxic materials.

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Childhood Poisoning: Importance of Early Rising

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.51.3.589 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 589-589

Author(s):

Fernando J. DeCastro ◽

Janice L. Kocur

Keyword(s):

Early Morning ◽

Childhood Poisoning

There are numerous studies on the epidemiology of childhood poisoning. Studies on the time of the day during which poisoning episodes are more likely to occur have shown a consistently higher incidence of poisoning during "mother's busiest time."1 However, the early morning hours are not included among the "mother's busiest time." Poison calls were tabulated in order to determine the time of greatest risk for childhood poisoning to occur. The 276 poisoning calls which were recorded during four months showed that: 49 (18%) occurred between 6 and 9:59 am; 61 (25%) between 10 am and 1:59 pm; 59 (21%) between 2 and 5:59 pm; 89 (32%) between 6 and 9:59 pm; 17 (6%) between 10 pm and 1:59 am; and 1 (0.3%) between 2 and 5:59 am.

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