Natural Disasters and the Effect of Celerity on Criminal Case Outcomes: A Natural Experiment in Kings County

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Ruth Ann Moyer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Kings County

A Pound of Flesh

2015 ◽  
pp. 631-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Torche ◽  
Dalton Conley
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Neonatal Health ◽  
Outcome Predictor ◽  
Family Resources ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Fetal Nutrition

Birthweight is increasingly being used by economists and other social scientists to measure health endowment at birth. Research in this tradition has evolved from regression analysis to twin difference models to natural experiment approaches that use such events as natural disasters to capture the effects of fetal nutrition and stress on this measure of neonatal health. Furthermore, causal inference approaches have been used to show that birthweight affects health, cognitive and noncognitive development, and educational achievement and attainment, as well as adult wages. An important recent line of literature investigates the heterogeneous impact of birthweight within and between families, examining such moderating factors as family resources, parental investment, and even genotype. This chapter discusses various methods (and their limitations) to incorporating birthweight into economic models as an outcome predictor or moderator.

Natural disaster and political trust: A natural experiment study of the impact of the Wenchuan earthquake

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-165
Author(s):  
Yu You ◽  
Yifan Huang ◽  
Yuyi Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
The Impact

How do natural disasters impact political trust in contemporary China and what is the causal mechanism? Existing literature indicates that the severity of disaster, government relief effort and information dissemination are three key factors influencing people’s political trust in the context of acute natural disasters. This study uses the Wenchuan earthquake as a natural experiment and focuses specifically on the survey data collected right before and after the earthquake. It finds that primarily due to the ‘rally round the flag’ effect and extensive media coverage, public trust in government officials at all levels rose significantly after the earthquake. During the crisis, state-run media played a vital intermediate role. The more a citizen was exposed to the official media coverage, the more likely his/her political trust was to increase. However, the division of work in disaster relief among different levels of government resulted in differences in the level of increase in trust. As local-level governments are often directly responsible for the rescue and post-earthquake relief, they gained the highest increase in political trust, while state-level officials gained the least. The short-run upsurge in political trust receded as time went by. Government mobilization and media coverage are core contributing factors to the increase in political trust during the post-disaster period. Nevertheless, the key to consolidating political legitimacy lies in long-term efforts to build good and effective governance.

scholarly journals HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE IN RESPONSE TO NATURAL DISASTERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eny Sulistyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Difference Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Causal Variable

Natural disasters have increased in their frequency, and the intensity of their destruction over the last ten years in Indonesia. Households usually respond to these difficulties by cutting their consump-tion, especially for non-essential goods. Arguably natural disasters are exogenous events, so this paper uses the exogenous variation from natural disasters as a natural experiment design to estimate the effect of disasters on household expenditure. When a certain group is exposed to the causal variable of interest, such as a disaster, and other groups are not, the Difference In Difference model (DID) can be used for estimation. Using a micro level survey data set from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) which covers approximately 83 percent of the Indonesian population within the survey area, this paper examines the effects of natural disasters on household expenditure. This paper also examines whether there are any different impacts from different types of disasters. The finding is there are no significant effects of disasters on total household expenditure for households living in disaster regions, whether they are affected directly or not by the disaster.Keywords: natural disasters, household expenditure, DID, natural experiment

When Mother Earth Rises Up

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Sacchi ◽  
Paolo Riva ◽  
Marco Brambilla
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Willingness To Help ◽  
Mother Earth

Anthropomorphization is the tendency to ascribe humanlike features and mental states, such as free will and consciousness, to nonhuman beings or inanimate agents. Two studies investigated the consequences of the anthropomorphization of nature on people’s willingness to help victims of natural disasters. Study 1 (N = 96) showed that the humanization of nature correlated negatively with willingness to help natural disaster victims. Study 2 (N = 52) tested for causality, showing that the anthropomorphization of nature reduced participants’ intentions to help the victims. Overall, our findings suggest that humanizing nature undermines the tendency to support victims of natural disasters.

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