scholarly journals HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE IN RESPONSE TO NATURAL DISASTERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eny Sulistyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Difference Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Causal Variable

Natural disasters have increased in their frequency, and the intensity of their destruction over the last ten years in Indonesia. Households usually respond to these difficulties by cutting their consump-tion, especially for non-essential goods. Arguably natural disasters are exogenous events, so this paper uses the exogenous variation from natural disasters as a natural experiment design to estimate the effect of disasters on household expenditure. When a certain group is exposed to the causal variable of interest, such as a disaster, and other groups are not, the Difference In Difference model (DID) can be used for estimation. Using a micro level survey data set from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) which covers approximately 83 percent of the Indonesian population within the survey area, this paper examines the effects of natural disasters on household expenditure. This paper also examines whether there are any different impacts from different types of disasters. The finding is there are no significant effects of disasters on total household expenditure for households living in disaster regions, whether they are affected directly or not by the disaster.Keywords: natural disasters, household expenditure, DID, natural experiment

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF EARTHQUAKE ON CHILD TEST SCORE

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eny Sulistyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Difference Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Causal Variable

Natural disasters always affect different aspects of individual life. They affect almost every part of life, such as the emotional, economic, physical, social, and environmental aspects. Children are believed to be very vulnerable to disasters. The increasing frequency of disasters and the intensity of their destruction motivate an analysis of the impacts of disasters, especially on education, for children. This paper uses a micro level survey data set from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) which covers approximately 83% of the Indonesian population within the survey area. The main objective of this paper is to examine the effects of earthquakes on students’ performance, measured by their child test scores. This type of disaster was chosen because of its intensity, as measured by the percentage of people killed, and the percentage of people evacuated. Moreover, we also investigate the children who took the test immediately after the earthquake and compare their scores with those whose tests were a year after the earthquake. Arguably an earthquake is an exogenous event, so we use the exogenous variation of earthquake as a natural experiment design to estimate the effect of earthquakes on child test scores. A Difference in Difference model (DiD) can be used for estimating if a certain group is exposed to the causal variable of interest, such as an earthquake, and other groups are not. The results confirm that child test scores are significantly affected by earthquakes.

Difference Fourier Analysis of Glucose Embedded and Frozen Hydrated Purple Membrane

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
Jules S. Jaffe ◽  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Purple Membrane ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Fourier Techniques ◽  
Versus Protein ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Fourier ◽  
Ideal Method

Although difference Fourier techniques are standard in X-ray crystallography it has only been very recently that electron crystallographers have been able to take advantage of this method. We have combined a high resolution data set for frozen glucose embedded Purple Membrane (PM) with a data set collected from PM prepared in the frozen hydrated state in order to visualize any differences in structure due to the different methods of preparation. The increased contrast between protein-ice versus protein-glucose may prove to be an advantage of the frozen hydrated technique for visualizing those parts of bacteriorhodopsin that are embedded in glucose. In addition, surface groups of the protein may be disordered in glucose and ordered in the frozen state. The sensitivity of the difference Fourier technique to small changes in structure provides an ideal method for testing this hypothesis.

Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques Using Predictive Modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Khandelwal ◽  
Hemlata Goyal ◽  
Rajveer Singh Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Learning Stage ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Different Types

Introduction: Machine learning is an intelligent technology that works as a bridge between businesses and data science. With the involvement of data science, the business goal focuses on findings to get valuable insights on available data. The large part of Indian Cinema is Bollywood which is a multi-million dollar industry. This paper attempts to predict whether the upcoming Bollywood Movie would be Blockbuster, Superhit, Hit, Average or Flop. For this Machine Learning techniques (classification and prediction) will be applied. To make classifier or prediction model first step is the learning stage in which we need to give the training data set to train the model by applying some technique or algorithm and after that different rules are generated which helps to make a model and predict future trends in different types of organizations. Methods: All the techniques related to classification and Prediction such as Support Vector Machine(SVM), Random Forest, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, Adaboost, and KNN will be applied and try to find out efficient and effective results. All these functionalities can be applied with GUI Based workflows available with various categories such as data, Visualize, Model, and Evaluate. Result: To make classifier or prediction model first step is learning stage in which we need to give the training data set to train the model by applying some technique or algorithm and after that different rules are generated which helps to make a model and predict future trends in different types of organizations Conclusion: This paper focuses on Comparative Analysis that would be performed based on different parameters such as Accuracy, Confusion Matrix to identify the best possible model for predicting the movie Success. By using Advertisement Propaganda, they can plan for the best time to release the movie according to the predicted success rate to gain higher benefits. Discussion: Data Mining is the process of discovering different patterns from large data sets and from that various relationships are also discovered to solve various problems that come in business and helps to predict the forthcoming trends. This Prediction can help Production Houses for Advertisement Propaganda and also they can plan their costs and by assuring these factors they can make the movie more profitable.

scholarly journals Investigation of Color Reproduction on Linen Fabrics when Printing with Mimaki TX400-1800D Inkjet with Pigment TP250 Dyes

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Tim Tofan ◽  
Rimantas Stonkus ◽  
Raimondas Jasevičius
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Color Reproduction ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Color Characteristics ◽  
Fabric Density ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Linen Fabric

The aim of this research is to investigate related effect of dyeability to linen textiles related to different printing parameters. The study investigated the change in color characteristics when printing on linen fabrics with an inkjet MIMAKI Tx400-1800D printer with pigmented TP 250 inks. The dependence of color reproduction on linen fabrics on the number of print head passes, number of ink layers to be coated, linen fabric density, and different types of linen fabric was investigated. All this affects the quality of print and its mechanical properties. The change in color characteristics on different types of linen fabrics was determined experimentally. We determine at which print settings the most accurate color reproduction can be achieved on different linen fabrics. The difference between the highest and the lowest possible number of head passages was investigated. The possibilities of reproducing different linen fabric colors were determined.

Event detection of different English data sources based on transfer learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yanan Huang ◽  
Yuji Miao ◽  
Zhenjing Da
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Event Detection ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Single Data Source ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Single Data

The methods of multi-modal English event detection under a single data source and isomorphic event detection of different English data sources based on transfer learning still need to be improved. In order to improve the efficiency of English and data source time detection, based on the transfer learning algorithm, this paper proposes multi-modal event detection under a single data source and isomorphic event detection based on transfer learning for different data sources. Moreover, by stacking multiple classification models, this paper makes each feature merge with each other, and conducts confrontation training through the difference between the two classifiers to further make the distribution of different source data similar. In addition, in order to verify the algorithm proposed in this paper, a multi-source English event detection data set is collected through a data collection method. Finally, this paper uses the data set to verify the method proposed in this paper and compare it with the current most mainstream transfer learning methods. Through experimental analysis, convergence analysis, visual analysis and parameter evaluation, the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in this paper is demonstrated.

Risk Evaluation for Conflicts between Crossing Pedestrians and Right-Turning Vehicles at Intersections

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110318
Author(s):  
Feifei Xin ◽  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
Chongjing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Fuzzy Clustering Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Conflict Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
Deceleration Time

In recent years, conflicts between crossing pedestrians and right-turning vehicles have become more severe at intersections in China, where right-turning vehicles are usually not controlled by traffic signals. This study proposes a quantitative method for evaluating the conflict risk between pedestrians and right-turning vehicles at intersections based on micro-level behavioral data obtained from video detection. A typical intersection in Shanghai was selected as the study site. In total, 670 min of video were recorded during the peak hours from 7:30 a.m. to 9:30 p.m on one day. After processing the video information, vehicle and pedestrian tracking data were obtained, including the velocity, acceleration, deceleration, time, and location coordinates. Based on these data, several conflict indicators were proposed and these indicators were extracted automatically using MATLAB to identify pedestrian–right-turning vehicle conflicts and to determine the severity of the conflicts identified. This process identified 93 examples of such conflicts. The conflict risks were quantitatively classified using the K-means fuzzy clustering method and all of the conflicts were assigned to five grades. The characteristics of the conflict distribution and the severity of different types of conflict were also analyzed, which showed that conflicts on different areas on the crosswalk differed in their severity. Based on the conclusions, practical traffic management and control measures are proposed to reduce the risk on pedestrian crossings.

Magnetotelluric static shift: Estimation and removal using the cokriging method

Geophysics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. F25-F34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Tournerie ◽  
Michel Chouteau ◽  
Denis Marcotte
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Resistivity ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Shift Factor ◽  
Static Shift ◽  
Geostatistical Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Resistivity Sounding ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Variogram

We present and test a new method to correct for the static shift affecting magnetotelluric (MT) apparent resistivity sounding curves. We use geostatistical analysis of apparent resistivity and phase data for selected periods. For each period, we first estimate and model the experimental variograms and cross variogram between phase and apparent resistivity. We then use the geostatistical model to estimate, by cokriging, the corrected apparent resistivities using the measured phases and apparent resistivities. The static shift factor is obtained as the difference between the logarithm of the corrected and measured apparent resistivities. We retain as final static shift estimates the ones for the period displaying the best correlation with the estimates at all periods. We present a 3D synthetic case study showing that the static shift is retrieved quite precisely when the static shift factors are uniformly distributed around zero. If the static shift distribution has a nonzero mean, we obtained best results when an apparent resistivity data subset can be identified a priori as unaffected by static shift and cokriging is done using only this subset. The method has been successfully tested on the synthetic COPROD-2S2 2D MT data set and on a 3D-survey data set from Las Cañadas Caldera (Tenerife, Canary Islands) severely affected by static shift.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Wear Behaviour in Metallic Binders Employed in Diamond Tools for Cutting Stone

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3988
Author(s):  
Fátima Ternero ◽  
Pedro M. Amaral ◽  
Jorge Cruz Fernandes ◽  
Luís Guerra Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Empirical Expression ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Diamond Tools ◽  
Test Methodology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Stone Material ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Wear Tests

A type of disc-on-plate test methodology was used to determine the wear behavior of metallic binders employed in the manufacturing of diamond impregnated tools. The disc consists of a special circular wheel that allows the binder materials alone (i.e., without diamond, but sintered under conditions identical to those of the complete tool) to be tested against a plate of stone material under pre-determined testing conditions. The testing conditions are intended to be equivalent to those used in the industrial processes. Using plates of five types of granite and one type of marble, this work comprises wear tests of 15 different types of metallic binders and two sintering modes conducted under, at least, three different values of contact-force. The analysis of the results demonstrated that the wear of the binders can be related to their mechanical properties through an empirical expression. The larger the difference between the characteristics of the tribological pair (binder versus stone), the higher is the correlation between the experimental wear data and the values given by the empirical expression. The relationships presented in this work allow predicting the wear behavior of the binder, and therefore may help in the design process of diamond tools. There was a clear difference between the wear behavior of metallic binders when they were employed against the two main classes of stone under analysis (marble and granite).

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