scholarly journals THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE HUMAN HAIR FOLLICLE

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. C. Birbeck ◽  
E. H. Mercer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Human Hair Follicle ◽  
Laminated Structure ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Inner Root Sheath

1. During the early differentiation of the cuticle the cell membranes smooth out and the cells become closely attached over most of their surface. The change seems to be due to a layer of cement which forms between them. The plasma membranes also increase in density. 2. The decreased membrane activity of the cuticle cells may prevent a phagocytosis of the melanocyte processes and thus account for the non-pigmentation of the cuticle. 3. The flattening and imbrication of the cuticle may possibly be explained by a zipper-like spread of cell contacts. 4. Keratinisation of the cuticle occurs at a late stage in its development; the keratin formed is an amorphous type, similar to the γ-fraction of the cortex which is produced at a similar level. 5. Keratinisation is accompanied by the formation of complex intercellular layers similar to structures observed in the inner root sheath (see Part 3). 6. In the final stage of keratinisation the remaining cytoplasm condenses with the result that the cell is divided into a laminated structure with an outer keratinised layer and an inner layer, which is insoluble in keratinolytic solvents.

scholarly journals A Novel Epithelial Keratin, hK6irs1, is Expressed Differentially in All Layers of the Inner Root Sheath, Including Specialized Huxley Cells (Flügelzellen) of the Human Hair Follicle

2002 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 789-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Langbein ◽  
Silke Praetzel ◽  
Michael A. Rogers ◽  
Noriaki Aoki ◽  
Hermelita Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Human Hair Follicle ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Inner Root Sheath

scholarly journals K25 (K25irs1), K26 (K25irs2), K27 (K25irs3), and K28 (K25irs4) Represent the Type I Inner Root Sheath Keratins of the Human Hair Follicle

2006 ◽  
Vol 126 (11) ◽  
pp. 2377-2386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Langbein ◽  
Michael A. Rogers ◽  
Silke Praetzel-Wunder ◽  
Burkhard Helmke ◽  
Peter Schirmacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Type I ◽  
Human Hair Follicle ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Inner Root Sheath

scholarly journals THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE HUMAN HAIR FOLLICLE

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. C. Birbeck ◽  
E. H. Mercer
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Membrane Complex ◽  
Outer Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Inner Root Sheath ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Adhesive Contacts ◽  
Similar Complex

1. The three cylinders of cells, each one cell thick, which together constitute the inner root sheath, arise from the peripheral portions of the undifferentiated matrix. These cells, like the hair cuticle, are stabilised by the spread of adhesive contacts between their plasma membranes which occurs in the mid-bulb and upper bulb of the hair follicle. 2. The characteristic intracellular product of all three cell layers is trichohyaline. This substance is formed in the first place as amorphous droplets which subsequently transform into a birefringent form. 3. This transformation, involving the formation of a birefringent product from an amorphous precursor, is in contrast to the formation in the cortex of keratin which originates in a fibrous form. 4. Trichohyaline appears first and transforms first in the cells of Henle which are nearest the outer sheath and the dermal supply vessels. This transformation occurs at the level of the neck of the follicle. Synthesis and transformation in the cells of Huxley and the sheath cuticle lag behind the similar events in the cells of Henle. The transformation does not begin until the lower prekeratinous zone in the Huxley and cuticle cells. 5. The amorpous-fibrous transformation occurs rapidly cell by cell and involves the conversion of all the trichohyaline droplets. In longitudinal sections the birefringent modification can be seen extending from the droplets in both directions parallel to the axis of the hair. In cross-sections the images of the transformed material are difficult to interpret. They may be seen as sections of corrugated sheets (∼100 A thick) or condensed fibrils ∼100 A in width. 6. At the same time that the trichohyaline transforms, the spacing between the cell membranes increases and a dark deposit appears centrally between them. This membrane complex, and the similar complex of the hair cuticle cells described in Part 2, may be specialised formations whose purpose is to hold the hardened cells together.

Differentiating the Stem Cell Pool of Human Hair Follicle Outer Root Sheath into Functional Melanocytes

2014 ◽  
pp. 203-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Schneider ◽  
Christina Dieckmann ◽  
Katrin Rabe ◽  
Jan-Christoph Simon ◽  
Vuk Savkovic
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Human Hair Follicle ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Cell Pool ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Stem Cell Pool

Enhanced Proliferation and Functions of In Vitro Expanded Human Hair Follicle Outer Root Sheath Cells by Low Oxygen Tension Culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 603-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingling Xia ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Wenjie Zhang ◽  
Guangdong Zhou ◽  
Yilin Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Human Hair Follicle ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Low Oxygen Tension ◽  
Outer Root Sheath Cells

Epidermis reconstructed from the outer root sheath of human hair follicle. Effect of retinoic acid

1993 ◽  
Vol 285 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. -C. Lenoir-Viale ◽  
C. Galup ◽  
M. Darmon ◽  
B. A. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Human Hair Follicle ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath

Epidermis reconstructed from the outer root sheath of human hair follicle on de-epidermized dermis. Effect of retinoic acid

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
M.C. Lenoir-Viale ◽  
C. Galup ◽  
M. Darmon ◽  
B.A. Bernard ◽  
B. Shroot
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Human Hair Follicle ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath
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