scholarly journals PNEUMOTHORAX AND POSTURE

1909 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Elsberg
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Open Side ◽  
Sound Side ◽  
Posterior Mediastinal ◽  
Respiratory Movements ◽  
Anterior Septum

The last mentioned fact may perhaps find its explanation in the following statements: the two pleural cavities are separated by the layers of the anterior and posterior mediastinal septa. Between the two lies the heart. In the dog, the posterior seems to be somewhat tougher than the anterior septum, and somewhat more fixed and tense. With violent respiratory movements, it is the anterior septum which more especially flaps to and fro and bulges when an opening in the pleura has been made, and it is the anterior septum which is so apt to rupture and thus cause double pneumothorax and the death of the animal. When the dog is on its back, the heart falls backward and the bulging of the anterior mediastinal septum is made more easy. It is different when the animal is on its belly. The heart falls toward the anterior chest wall and thus supports the anterior septum: hence the flapping of the septum, the interference with the respiration of the lung on the sound side, the bulging on expiration on the open side, can not so readily occur. The danger of the open pneumothorax is greatly lessened when the animal is in the prone position. In the supine position the danger of the pneumothorax is due to the falling back of the heart and thus facilitating the rupture of the fragile anterior mediastinal septum; the danger is therefore obviated by fixing the pericardium to the anterior wall of the thorax.

Effect of position on the mechanical interaction between the rib cage and abdomen in preterm infants

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1032-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Wolfson ◽  
J. S. Greenspan ◽  
K. S. Deoras ◽  
J. L. Allen ◽  
T. H. Shaffer
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Pulmonary Mechanics ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Lissajous Figures ◽  
Significant Difference

To determine the influence of body position on chest wall and pulmonary function, we studied the ventilatory, pulmonary mechanics, and thoracoabdominal motion profiles in 20 preterm infants recovering from respiratory disease who were positioned in both the supine and prone position. Thoracoabdominal motion was assessed from measurements of relative rib cage and abdominal movement and the calculated phase angle (an index of thoracoabdominal synchrony) of the rib and abdomen Lissajous figures. The ventilatory and pulmonary function profiles were assessed from simultaneous measurements of transpulmonary pressure, airflow, and tidal volume. The infants were studied in quiet sleep, and the order of positioning was randomized across patients. The results demonstrated no significant difference in ventilatory and pulmonary function measurements as a function of position. In contrast, there was a significant reduction (-49%) in the phase angle of the Lissajous figures and an increase (+66%) in rib cage motion in prone compared with the supine position. In addition, the degree of improvement in phase angle in the prone position was correlated to the severity of asynchrony in the supine position. We speculate that the improvement in thoracoabdominal synchrony in the prone position is related to alterations of chest wall mechanics and respiratory muscle tone mediated by a posturally related shift in the area of apposition of the diaphragm to the anterior inner rib cage wall and increase in passive tension of the muscles of the rib cage. This study suggests that the mechanical advantage associated with prone positioning may confer a useful alternative breathing pattern to the preterm infant in whom elevated respiratory work loads and respiratory musculoskeletal immaturity may predispose to respiratory failure.

MR imaging of the anterior chest wall by using a flat coil.

1991 ◽  
Vol 156 (5) ◽  
pp. 1110-1111
Author(s):  
S Ehara ◽  
M Sugisawa ◽  
M Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall

scholarly journals AB0501 CORRELATION BETWEEN AXIAL AND PERIPHERAL ENTHESIS IN SPONDYLARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1278.1-1278
Author(s):  
H. Ferjani ◽  
M. Yasmine ◽  
K. Maatallah ◽  
E. Labbene ◽  
H. Riahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Asas Criteria ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Mean

Background:Enthesitis is the clinical hallmark of spondylarthritis. It refers to the inflammation of joint attach in the bone. Several sites enthesitis may be affected, and a wide variety of scoring systems were available.Objectives:We aimed to determine the prevalence of axial enthesitis in the anterior chest wall (ACW), and its correlation with peripheral sites especially, the Achilles tendon (AT).Methods:We conducted a prospective study including patients with SpA according to the ASAS criteria. Sociodemographic data, as well as disease characteristics, were recorded. The Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES) was used to assess clinical entheses (first and seventh costochondral joints, posterior superior iliac spine, anterior superior iliac spine, iliac crest, and Achilles tendon insertion). The presence of enthesitis on the US was then assessed in the right and left sternoclavicular (SCJ), manubriosternal (MSJ) joints, as well as in the AT, using Esaote My Lab 50.Results:The study included 47 patients with SpA: axial (n=26), axial and peripheral (n=21). There was a female predominance (sex ratio: 0.2). The mean age was 42.2 years ± 12.6 [11-70]. The age of onset of the disease was <40 years in 59.6% of cases. Tenderness in entheseal sites was found in 63.8% of patients, especially in the plantar fascia and AT (32.7%, 6%, respectively). The mean MASES score was 2.9 [0-13]. Clinical ACW involvement (29.1%) was at follows: 1st right chondro-sternal joint (CSJ) (19.1%), 1st left CSJ (25.5%), 7th right CSJ (27.7%) and 7th left CSJ (31.9%).US involvement of the ACW was 14.3%. Enthesitis of the AT was found in 70% of cases on US examination. ACW US involvement was correlated neither to the BMI nor to MASES score (p=0.16, p=0.6 respectively). Similarly, there was no correlation between the presence of US ACW enthesitis and clinical nor the US AT enthesitis (p=0.09, p=0.209, respectively).Conclusion:Our study showed that ACW enthesitis is frequent in SpA, especially by US screening. This axial enthesitis, don’t necessarily reflect a simultaneous clinical or US involvement of the peripheral entheses. Further studies are needed to characterize this subtype of SpA.References:[1]Verhoeven F, Guillot X, Godfrin-Valnet M, Prati C, Wendling D. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the anterior chest wall in spondyloarthritis: a prospective and controlled study. J Rheumatol. 2015;42(1):87-92Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

Influence of submaximal isometric contractions of the hamstrings on electromyography activity and force while functioning as hip extensors

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dasom Oh ◽  
Wootaek Lim
Keyword(s):  
Prone Position ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Isometric Contraction ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Isometric Contractions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Extension Force ◽  
Long Head

BACKGROUND: Although the medial and lateral hamstrings are clearly distinct anatomically and have different functions in the transverse plane, they are often considered as one muscle during rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to compare the electromyographic (EMG) activity between the prone position and the supine position during maximal isometric contraction and to additionally confirm the effect of submaximal isometric contractions on EMG activity of medial and lateral hamstrings, and force. METHODS: In the prone position, EMG activities of the long head of biceps femoris (BFLH) and semitendinosus (ST) were measured during the maximal isometric contraction. In the supine position, hip extension force with EMG activity were measured during the maximal and the submaximal isometric contractions. RESULTS: EMG activity in the prone position was significantly decreased in the supine position. In the supine position, there was a significant difference between the BFLH and ST during the maximal isometric contraction, but not during the submaximal isometric contractions. CONCLUSIONS: The dependence on the hamstrings could be relatively lower during hip extensions. When the medial and lateral hamstrings are considered separately, the lateral hamstrings may show a more active response, with increased muscle length, in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma presenting as a large right supraclavicular and anterior chest wall mass

2016 ◽  
pp. bcr2016214797
Author(s):  
Ku Hung Hsieh ◽  
Grace Tan Hwei Ching ◽  
Angela Chong Phek Yoon ◽  
Melissa Teo
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Anterior Chest Wall ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Wall Mass ◽  
Chest Wall Mass
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