scholarly journals CD28-induced costimulation of T helper type 2 cells mediated by induction of responsiveness to interleukin 4.

1993 ◽  
Vol 178 (5) ◽  
pp. 1645-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
J G McArthur ◽  
D H Raulet
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Autocrine Growth ◽  
Th Cells ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Helper Type

Type 1 and type 2 cloned T helper (Th) cells are believed to require different antigen-presenting cell (APC)-derived costimuli for proliferation. In the case of Th1-cloned T cells, CD28 signaling costimulates production of autocrine interleukin 2 (IL-2). Th2 cells produce their autocrine growth factor, IL-4, without costimulation, but require APC-derived costimuli, or IL-1, to respond to IL-4. Here we demonstrate that engagement of CD28 on Th2 cells with anti-CD28 antibody or with APC-associated B7 costimulates Th2 responsiveness to IL-4 but does not affect IL-4 or IL-2 production by Th2 cells. Costimulation of Th2 cells via CD28 appears to involve the induction of IL-1 production by Th2 cells, which acts in an autocrine fashion to induce IL-4 responsiveness. These results suggest that CD28-induced costimulation plays an important role in responses mediated by both types of Th cells.

Differential modulation of T helper type 1 (Th1) and T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine secretion by prostaglandin E2 critically depends on interleukin-2

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharien M. U. Hilkens ◽  
Hans Vermeulen ◽  
R. J. Joost van Neerven ◽  
Frank G. M. Snijdewint ◽  
Eddy A. Wierenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Cytokine Secretion ◽  
Differential Modulation ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Th2 Cytokine ◽  
Helper Type

Interleukin-4-dependent induction of preproenkephalin in antigen-specific T helper-type 2 (Th2) cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yahata ◽  
Chie Yahata ◽  
Akio Ohta ◽  
Masashi Sekimoto ◽  
Hidemitsu Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Helper Type

scholarly journals Early Growth Response Protein-1 (Egr-1) Is Preferentially Expressed in T Helper Type 2 (Th2) Cells and Is Involved in Acute Transcription of the Th2 Cytokine Interleukin-4

2009 ◽  
Vol 285 (3) ◽  
pp. 1643-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lohoff ◽  
Marco Giaisi ◽  
Rebecca Köhler ◽  
Bärbel Casper ◽  
Peter H. Krammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Early Growth Response ◽  
Th2 Cytokine ◽  
Helper Type

scholarly journals Priming for T helper type 2 differentiation by interleukin 2–mediated induction of interleukin 4 receptor α-chain expression

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1288-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liao ◽  
Dustin E Schones ◽  
Jangsuk Oh ◽  
Yongzhi Cui ◽  
Kairong Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Α Chain ◽  
Interleukin 4 Receptor ◽  
Helper Type

scholarly journals Induction of T Helper Type 1 Responses by a Polysaccharide Deacetylase from Cryptococcus neoformans

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 5412-5417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Biondo ◽  
Concetta Beninati ◽  
Mauro Bombaci ◽  
Luciano Messina ◽  
Giuseppe Mancuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Induce Cell Proliferation ◽  
Helper Type

ABSTRACT A 25-kDa cryptococcal deacetylase (d25) was found here to induce cell proliferation, as well as secretion of interleukin 2 and gamma interferon, but not interleukin 4, in spleen cells from d25-immunized or Cryptococcus neoformans-infected mice. The gamma interferon, but not the interleukin 2, response was required for the protective activities of d25 immunization in a murine cryptococcosis model.

scholarly journals T Helper Type 2 Cell Differentiation Occurs in the Presence of Interleukin 12 Receptor β2 Chain Expression and Signaling

2000 ◽  
Vol 191 (5) ◽  
pp. 847-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuta Nishikomori ◽  
Rolf O. Ehrhardt ◽  
Warren Strober
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Th1 Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Helper Type

The differentiation of CD4+ T cells into T helper type 1 (Th1) cells is driven by interleukin (IL)-12 through the IL-12 receptor β2 (IL-12Rβ2) chain, whereas differentiation into Th2 cells is driven by IL-4, which downregulates IL-12Rβ2 chain. We reexamined such differentiation using IL-12Rβ2 chain transgenic mice. We found that CD4+ T cells from such mice were able to differentiate into Th2 cells when primed with IL-4 or IL-4 plus IL-12. In the latter case, the presence of IL-4 suppressed interferon (IFN)-γ production 10–100-fold compared with cells cultured in IL-12 alone. Finally, in studies of the ability of IL-12 to convert Th2 cells bearing a competent IL-12R to the Th1 cells, we showed that: (a) T cells bearing the IL-12Rβ2 chain transgene and primed under Th2 conditions could not be converted to Th1 cells by repeated restimulation under Th1 conditions; and (b) established Th2 clones transfected with the IL-12Rβ2 chain construct continued to produce IL-4 when cultured with IL-12. These studies show that IL-4–driven Th2 differentiation can occur in the presence of persistent IL-12 signaling and that IL-4 inhibits IFN-γ production under these circumstances. They also show that established Th2 cells cannot be converted to Th1 cells via IL-12 signaling.

scholarly journals Th2 cells are less susceptible than Th1 cells to the suppressive activity of CD25+ regulatory thymocytes because of their responsiveness to different cytokines

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 3117-3121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Cosmi ◽  
Francesco Liotta ◽  
Roberta Angeli ◽  
Benedetta Mazzinghi ◽  
Veronica Santarlasci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treg Cells ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
Th1 Cells ◽  
Suppressive Activity ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Cell Clones

Abstract T-cell clones generated from both CD4+CD25+ and CD8+CD25+ human thymocytes were assessed for their ability to suppress the proliferative response to allogeneic stimulation of type 1 T-helper (Th1) or type 2 T-helper (Th2) clones derived from autologous CD4+CD25- thymocytes. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T-regulatory (Treg) cells completely suppressed the proliferation of Th1 clones but exhibited significantly lower suppressive activity on the proliferation of Th2 clones. The partial suppressive effect on Th2 cells was further reduced by the addition in culture of interleukin-4 (IL-4), whereas it was increased in the presence of an anti–IL-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb). The suppressive activity on Th2 clones was also completely inhibited by the addition of IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15 but not of IL-2, whereas the suppressive effect on Th1 clones was only reverted by the addition of IL-15. Of note, Th2 clones expressed significantly higher amounts of mRNA for IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) and IL-9R α chains than Th1 clones, whereas the expression of mRNA for IL-2R, IL-7R, and IL-15R α chains was comparable. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that Th2 cells have a lower susceptibility than Th1 cells to the suppressive activity of human CD25+ regulatory thymocytes, because they are able to produce, and to respond to, growth factors distinct from IL-2, such as IL-4 and IL-9. (Blood. 2004; 103:3117-3121)

scholarly journals Neutralizing antibody to interleukin 4 induces systemic protection and T helper type 1-associated immunity in murine candidiasis.

1992 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Romani ◽  
A Mencacci ◽  
U Grohmann ◽  
S Mocci ◽  
P Mosci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Helper Type

An interleukin 4 (IL-4)-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) was administered to mice infected systemically with the yeast Candida albicans, and the animals were monitored for mortality, development of delayed-type hypersensitivity, production of antibodies of different isotypes, release of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) in vitro by splenic CD4+ lymphocytes, and levels of IL-4 and IFN-gamma mRNA in these cells. Neutralization of IL-4 by three weekly injections of mAb in several independent experiments resulted in an overall cure rate of 81% versus 0% of controls. Cure was associated with efficient clearance of the yeast from infected organs and histologic evidence of disease resolution, detection of strong T helper type 1 (Th1) responses, and establishment of long-lasting protective immunity. Soon after infection, and as a result of the first or second injection of mAb, there was a decrease in IL-4 mRNA in CD4+ cells, which was accompanied by an increase in the levels of IFN-gamma-specific transcripts. Our data thus indicate that the production of IL-4 by Th2 cells may limit Th1-associated protective immunity in murine candidiasis.

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