scholarly journals The Electroretinogram of a Diurnal Gecko

1962 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1145-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Arden ◽  
Katharine Tansley
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Dark Adaptation ◽  
Chromatic Adaptation ◽  
Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Fusion Frequency ◽  
Flicker Response ◽  
Dark Adaptation Curve ◽  
Flicker Fusion ◽  
Spectral Sensitivity Curve

Using the electroretinogram as the criterion of retinal activity the flicker fusion frequency, course of dark adaptation, and spectral sensitivity of the pure cone retina of the diurnal gecko, Phelsuma inunguis, were investigated. Both the curve relating flicker fusion frequency to stimulus intensity and that relating the amplitude of the flicker response to stimulus intensity showed a break as the intensity was increased. The dark adaptation curve was that typical of cone retinae; there was no break, adaptation was relatively rapid, and there was a total increase of sensitivity of only about 3 log units. The spectral sensitivity curve showed two maxima, a major one at about 560 mµ and another at about 460 mµ. Chromatic adaptation with red and blue lights demonstrated the presence of two independent mechanisms. Although red adaptation could not have had a direct effect on the pigment responsible for the "blue" mechanism the sensitivity of this mechanism was depressed by red adaptation. The possible relationships of the two mechanisms are discussed.

Flicker Fusion Frequency: Background and Applications

1952 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst Simonson ◽  
Josef Brozek
Keyword(s):  
Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Fusion Frequency ◽  
Flicker Fusion

scholarly journals The Spectral Sensitivities of Single Cells in the Median Ocellus of Limulus

1969 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 636-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Nolte ◽  
Joel E. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Chromatic Adaptation ◽  
Sensitivity Curve ◽  
Receptor Cells ◽  
Intracellular Microelectrodes ◽  
Median Ocellus ◽  
Spectral Sensitivity Curve

The spectral sensitivities of single Limulus median ocellus photoreceptors have been determined from records of receptor potentials obtained using intracellular microelectrodes. One class of receptors, called UV cells (ultraviolet cells), depolarizes to near-UV light and is maximally sensitive at 360 nm; a Dartnall template fits the spectral sensitivity curve. A second class of receptors, called visible cells, depolarizes to visible light; the spectral sensitivity curve is fit by a Dartnall template with λmax at 530 nm. Dark-adapted UV cells are about 2 log units more sensitive than dark-adapted visible cells. UV cells respond with a small hyperpolarization to visible light and the spectral sensitivity curve for this hyperpolarization peaks at 525–550 nm. Visible cells respond with a small hyperpolarization to UV light, and the spectral sensitivity curve for this response peaks at 350–375 nm. Rarely, a double-peaked (360 and 530 nm) spectral sensitivity curve is obtained; two photopigments are involved, as revealed by chromatic adaptation experiments. Thus there may be a small third class of receptor cells containing two photopigments.

scholarly journals Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency: A Narrative Review

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1096
Author(s):  
Natalia D. Mankowska ◽  
Anna B. Marcinkowska ◽  
Monika Waskow ◽  
Rita I. Sharma ◽  
Jacek Kot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Critical Flicker Fusion ◽  
Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Fusion Frequency ◽  
Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Flicker Fusion

This review presents the current knowledge of the usage of critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) in human and animal model studies. CFF has a wide application in different fields, especially as an indicator of cortical arousal and visual processing. In medicine, CFF may be helpful for diagnostic purposes, for example in epilepsy or minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Given the environmental studies and a limited number of other methods, it is applicable in diving and hyperbaric medicine. Current research also shows the relationship between CFF and other electrophysiological methods, such as electroencephalography. The human eye can detect flicker at 50–90 Hz but reports are showing the possibility to distinguish between steady and modulated light up to 500 Hz. Future research with the use of CFF is needed to better understand its utility and application.

scholarly journals HYGIENIC EVALUATION OF THE FONT DESIGN OF ELECTRONIC TEXTS PRESENTED ON A LAPTOP

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 1402-1407
Author(s):  
Vladislav R. Kuchma ◽  
S. V. Sankov ◽  
N. K. Barsukova
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Critical Flicker Fusion ◽  
Visual Analyzer ◽  
Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Fusion Frequency ◽  
Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Font Design ◽  
Psychophysiological State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flicker Fusion

Introduction. Currently, in connection with the large-scale introduction of the electronic educational resource in the educational process, it is especially relevant to search for optimal characteristics of presenting information on screens, taking into account the specifics of the electronic devices and age-related physiological features of the users’ visual system. The aim of the study was a physiological hygienic assessment of the impact of the font design of e-texts, presented on a laptop, on the psychophysiological state of students in grades 10-11. Material and methods. Psychophysiological testing of 43 schoolchildren in grades 10-11 without pathology of the vision organ was carried out on the NS-Psychotest complex, including the method of critical flicker fusion frequency to assess the state of the central part of the visual analyzer and the response to a moving object to determine the degree of the balance in nervous processes. The influence of reading illogical texts typed by a school headset was studied with a font size of 14, 12 and 10 points and a one-time reading of 200, 400 and 600 characters. Laptop Lenovo IdeaPad 720S-15 was used for the presentation of information. Results. High-grade schoolchildren were established to have the initial fatigue both of the visual analyzer and the nervous system as a whole. Boys showed better indices of the critical flicker fusion frequency than girls. Most schoolchildren had a balanced type of the inhibition and excitement processes. Methods of presenting information in electronic textbooks were shown to affect the psychophysiological state of high schoolchildren and may carry risks to their health. The hygienically rational design of electronic educational texts promotes the optimization of the psycho-functional state of the high schoolchildren’s body. Conclusion. The obtained results allow substantiating hygienic requirements for the font design of e-learning publications at the third stage of education.

Reply: Commentary on using critical flicker fusion frequency to measure gas narcosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-229
Author(s):  
Xavier CE Vrijdag ◽  
◽  
Hanna van Waart ◽  
Jamie W Sleigh ◽  
Simon J Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Flicker Fusion ◽  
Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Fusion Frequency ◽  
Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Flicker Fusion

scholarly journals Using electroretinograms to assess flicker fusion frequency in domestic hens Gallus gallus domesticus

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Lisney ◽  
Björn Ekesten ◽  
Ragnar Tauson ◽  
Olle Håstad ◽  
Anders Ödeen
Keyword(s):  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Fusion Frequency ◽  
Flicker Fusion
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