Efficiency of Hardware and Software Systems in the Assessment of Psychophysiological State of Persons in Extreme Conditions Professions

Aim. To determine the effectiveness of hardware and software complexes in assessing the psychophysiological state of persons in extreme conditions professions. Material and methods. The post-hoc comparative analysis of sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of five hardware and software complexes was performed involving 459 patients of different medical and preventive care institutions that received the rehabilitation medical care. The simulation of altered reactivity in 6 athletes of cyclic kinds of sport was carried out within a daily experiment (5 men, mean age 21.1±0.7 years and one woman, 22 years; sport rank not lower than 1 senior degree). Psychophysiological testing was conducted at five time points using the following methods: hardware and software complex “Diamed-MBS”, ASD (Radix), Lusher colorchoice test (Radix), reaction to a moving object (Multipsychometer), static and dynamic tremorometry (Multipsychometer). Results and discussion. The diagnostic effectiveness of these psychophysiological examination data automated processing complexes were determined by their informative value, the ability to recognize signs of the disease with a so-called reference or benchmark diagnosis. The highest indicators of sensitivity (82.5%), specificity (79.3%) and overall accuracy (80.6%) were found in the Diamed-MBS hardware and software complex. A tendency to decrease in the main indicators, such as heart rate, stress index, activity, well-being, working capacity with a minimum at 3:00-5:00 hours, was revealed. During the day, the possibility of the athletes’ psycho-emotionalstate dynamic assessment during the day (somatic and psychological components) was evaluated according to the parameters of heart rate variability, electrosomatography and bioelectrography. The dynamics of psychological and psychophysiological diagnostics indicators was of the multidirectional nature, which does not allow us to assert unequivocally about the negative impact of daily rhythms on the condition of athletes. All athletes showed negative results in one way or another at different intermediate diagnostic points, but by the end of the study they managed to compensate and reach the results of the primary diagnosis. Conclusion. The diagnostic efficiency of complex screening diagnostics when using hardware and software complex “Diamed-MBS” is 80.6%, which is 25-35% higher than the same parameter for similar devices. No negative psychological and psychophysiological effects of stress stimulation on daily rhythms of athletes were defined.

Assessing functional state of the body when wearing a reusable protective suit to minimize risks of contagion among medical personnel

Personal protective equipment has become the last line of protection for medical personnel during the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection since it allows minimizing risks of biological contagion. Given the existing staffing shortage, medical workers have to spend from 4 to 12 hours a day in the “red zone” where they necessarily wear personal protective equipment. Protective clothing is known to produce negative effects on functional state of the body and personnel’s working capacities. Assessment of up-to-date protective suits will allow developing recommendations on their suitable application bearing in mind a balance between necessary protection, providing favorable ergonomics, and reducing risks of adverse effects on functional state and working capacities. Our research aim was to hygienically assess health risks for medical workers who had to wear reusable protective suits. Our research object was a reusable suit made from polyether fabric with polyurethane membrane coating and antistatic threads. We performed an experiment aimed at evaluating thermal state of the body, psychophysiological state, and responses by the volunteers’ cardiorespiratory system in laboratory conditions during an 80 hour working shift under controlled microclimate. Participants in the experiment were questioned in order to assess suits’ ergonomics. Heat exchange dynamics and amount of changes in thermal physiological parameters caused by wearing a protective suit determined heat contents of volunteers’ bodies that conformed to optimal standard values. Data on psychophysiological and mental state taken in research dynamics didn’t have any statistically significant changes. Gas exchange indicators naturally grew during the “load” phase; however, there were no significant changes detected in any phase in the research. Hygienic assessment of the thermal state, functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and psychophysio-logical indicators confirmed that wearing a protective suit was quite safe and didn’t involve any health risks for volunteers.

System of operational control of psychophysiological indicators of operators of hierarchical systems in making management decisions

A system of operational control of psychophysiological indicators of operators is presented. It includes a set of test methods for selecting psychologically compatible operators of high-responsibility systems. The selection of operators on a PC is carried out. The results of electronic protocols in narrative and graphical form are given. After that, the method of selecting psychologically compatible operators of highresponsibility systems is applied. It uses a mathematical model selection of PC-based operators using regression analysis. The coefficients of this model are taken as a selection criterion. The maximum permissible maximum criterion corresponds to the coefficient of the mathematical model of the work of operators with a relatively high level of professionally important qualities. And the maximum permissible minimum criterion corresponds to the coefficient of the mathematical model of the work of operators with a relatively average level of professionally important qualities. In future, the calculation is completed according to the developed algorithm for the selection of psychologically compatible operators. Operational control of the psychophysiological state (PFS) of operators is performed with the control support of marks from the target in optimal conditions using a hierarchical system of group tracking on the example of links of the automatic control system. As a criterion for assessing the stability of the PFS operators at the time of the control, the range of changes in the value of the RMS error when accompanying the control mark is taken.

Neuropsychological features of patients of reproductive age diagnosed with breast cancer at the stage of surgical treatment using xenon-oxygen therapy

Purpose of the study. To study functional changes in the neuropsychological status of reproductive age patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer and to assess the possibility of using xenon-oxygen therapy to correct disorders.Patients and methods. This study included 60 reproductive age patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who were undergoing surgical treatment at the Department of Bone, Skin, Soft Tissue and Breast Tumors of the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia from 2018 to 2020. The main group included 30 patients with breast cancer diagnosed at the surgical stage of combined treatment, who underwent a rehabilitation course of xenon-oxygen therapy in the early postoperative period. The control group was formed from patients with the same diagnosis, without the use of this therapy. The functional state of the central nervous system in all patients was assessed by the parameters of the electroencephalography (EEG) bioelectrical activity. For the final assessment of the physiological and psychological state of the patients, a standardized questionnaires of the quality of life – ESAS, MOS-SF‑36, were used. Statistical data processing was performed using the Statistica 10 software package. Results. During the study, statistically significant differences were found in the assessment of subjective indicators, so in the group of patients using xenon-oxygen therapy, there was an improvement in well-being by 2.6 times, a decrease in depression by 2.3 times, a decrease in symptoms of nausea by 3 times, anxiety 1.9 times (p < 0.05). Against the background of an improvement in the psychophysiological state, the EEG showed a significant increase in the power of slow delta and theta rhythms, an increase in the power of the alpha rhythm and a decrease in the power of the beta rhythm, while in the patients of the control group only a decrease in the power of the beta rhythm was noted.Conclusion. The early postoperative period in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer is characterized by the formation of a depressive symptom complex. The use of a course of xenon-oxygen therapy contributes to the normalization of the subjective feeling of physical and psychological health, increasing vital and social activity. Changes in the indicators of brain bioelectric activity and an improvement in psychophysiological state occur against the background of changes in brain activity caused by the normalizing effect of xenon.

ANXIETY IN PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH (BASING ON THE MATERIALS OF THE LITERARY REVIEW)

This article is devoted to a review of research on anxiety states in fundamental and applied writings. The issues of prevalence, etiological factors of anxiety, historical and modern perceptions about this emotional state are considered. Main symptoms and specificity of manifestations of various types of anxiety, as well as the influence of gender, age and personal characteristics of an individual on its manifestations are highlighted. The studies of anxiety reveal the relationship with the productivity and performance of professional / sports activities, communication and psychophysiological state of a person. Currently, anxiety is considered not only a negative emotional phenomenon, but also as a necessary condition for the normal functioning of the psyche at its optimal level. The ruminations of anxious experiences in the types of activities associated with special working conditions (athletes, law enforcement officers, defense officials) are revealed.

Information-analytical model of psychophysiological state of the operator of the main control panel of the critical infrastructure object

In this work, an information and analytical model of the psychophysiological state of the operator of the main control panel of a critical infrastructure facility has been developed, which provides an objective process for revealing a latent negative impact on people who provide the main production process at the enterprise. It is shown that the features of management of an emergency of a terrorist nature in the interests of its prevention and prevention, caused by a hidden electromagnetic effect on the operational composition of a critical infrastructure facility, are determined by taking into account five factors. This is control over the level of electromagnetic radiation and the psycho-emotional state of the personnel of the facility, the prevention of errors of the operational staff and hidden psycho-emotional impact on him, technical counteraction of the hidden electromagnetic influence. Theoretically, there are three possible solutions to the problem. The first is the positioning of the language source. The second definition of the boundaries of the linguistic parameters of the individual in various psychophysical states. The third definition of the psychophysical state of the operator by the discrete components of his linguistic spectrum. Obtaining this model of obtaining this model is achieved by determining the psychophysiological state of the operator. The information-analytical model of the psychophysiological state of the operator of the main control panel of the critical infrastructure facility is a system of three dependencies. The first of them describes the psychophysiological state of the operator, they change during the performance of his functional duties. The second describes the i-th element of the current psychophysiological state of the operator, changes in time, and the third describes the development of anomalies in the i-th element of the psychophysiological state of the operator, making it difficult for him to perform his duties.