scholarly journals Detection of Airborne Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus and Environmental Contamination in SARS Outbreak Units

2005 ◽  
Vol 191 (9) ◽  
pp. 1472-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy F. Booth ◽  
Bill Kournikakis ◽  
Nathalie Bastien ◽  
Jim Ho ◽  
Darwyn Kobasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Respiratory Protection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
Aerosol Generation ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Viral Aerosol ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Droplet Transmission

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is characterized by a risk of nosocomial transmission; however, the risk of airborne transmission of SARS is unknown. During the Toronto outbreaks of SARS, we investigated environmental contamination in SARS units, by employing novel air sampling and conventional surface swabbing. Two polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–positive air samples were obtained from a room occupied by a patient with SARS, indicating the presence of the virus in the air of the room. In addition, several PCR-positive swab samples were recovered from frequently touched surfaces in rooms occupied by patients with SARS (a bed table and a television remote control) and in a nurses’ station used by staff (a medication refrigerator door). These data provide the first experimental confirmation of viral aerosol generation by a patient with SARS, indicating the possibility of airborne droplet transmission, which emphasizes the need for adequate respiratory protection, as well as for strict surface hygiene practices

scholarly journals Environmental Contamination of SARS-CoV-2 in a Non-Healthcare Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Judith Chui Ching Wong ◽  
Hapuarachchige Chanditha Hapuarachchi ◽  
Sathish Arivalan ◽  
Wei Ping Tien ◽  
Carmen Koo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
Surface Disinfection ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Virus Contamination ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection

Fomite-mediated transmission has been identified as a possible route for the spread of COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. In healthcare settings, environmental contamination by SARS-CoV-2 has been found in patients’ rooms and toilets. Here, we investigated environmental presence of SARS-CoV-2 in non-healthcare settings and assessed the efficacy of cleaning and disinfection in removing virus contamination. A total of 428 environmental swabs and six air samples was taken from accommodation rooms, toilets and elevators that have been used by COVID-19 cases. By using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay, we detected two SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive samples in a room where a COVID-19 patient stayed prior to diagnosis. The present study highlights the risk of fomite-mediated transmission in non-healthcare settings and the importance of surface disinfection in spaces occupied by cases. Of note, neither air-borne transmission nor surface contamination of elevators, which were transiently exposed to infected individuals, was evident among samples analyzed.

scholarly journals Concomitant Marked Decline in Prevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Other Respiratory Viruses Among Symptomatic Patients Following Public Health Interventions in Australia: Data from St Vincent’s Hospital and Associated Screening Clinics, Sydney, NSW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Marriott ◽  
Rohan Beresford ◽  
Feras Mirdad ◽  
Damien Stark ◽  
Allan Glanville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Marked Decline ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Australian Hospital

Abstract Our Australian hospital tested almost 22 000 symptomatic people over 11 weeks for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Following travel bans and physical distancing, SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses diagnoses fell dramatically. Increasing rhinovirus diagnoses as social control measures were relaxed may indirectly indicate an elevated risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resurgence.

scholarly journals Severity assessment of single-dose Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccinated individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Southeast Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 220-226
Author(s):  
Eaftekhar Ahmed Rana ◽  
Pronesh Dutta ◽  
Md. Sirazul Islam ◽  
Tanvir Ahmad Nizami ◽  
Tridip Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Infection Period ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Taste And Smell

Background and Aim: A vaccine program for coronavirus illness (coronavirus disease [COVID-19]) is currently underway in numerous regions of the world, including Bangladesh, but no health data on those who have been vaccinated are available at this time. The study aimed to investigate the health condition of people who had received their first dose of the Oxford- AstraZeneca vaccine and were infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Materials and Methods: To detect SARS-CoV-2, a standard virological approach, real-time reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), was used. Several health indicators from vaccinated patients were collected using pre-structured questionnaires during the infection phase. Results: A total of 6146 suspicious samples were analyzed, and 1752 were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2, with 200 people receiving the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. One hundred and sixty-five (82.5%) were not hospitalized among the vaccinated people, and 177 (88.5%) did not have any respiratory problems. Only 8% of patients required further oxygen support, and 199 (99.5%) did not require intensive care unit intervention. Overall, oxygen saturation was recorded at around 96.8% and respiratory difficulties did not extend more than 5 days during the infection period. Among the vaccinated COVID-19-positive people, 113 (56.5%) and 111 (55.5%) had typical physiological taste and smell. Surprisingly, 129 (64.5%) people had diverse comorbidities, with high blood pressure (27.9%) and diabetes (32 [24.8%]) being the most common. The major conclusion of the current study was that 199 (99.5%) of vaccinated patients survived in good health and tested negative for RT-qPCR. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, administering the first dose of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine considerably reduces health risks during the COVID-19 infection period.

scholarly journals Prolonged severe acute respiratory syndrome of Corona Virus-2 positive with polymerase chain reaction: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-301
Author(s):  
Linda Rosita ◽  
Rahma Yuantari ◽  
Budi Mulyono ◽  
Umi Solekhah Intansari ◽  
Ingesti Bilkis Zulfatina
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Medical Transport for 769 COVID-19 Patients on a Cruise Ship by Japan Disaster Medical Assistance Team

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Anan ◽  
Hisayoshi Kondo ◽  
Ichiro Takeuchi ◽  
Tomoki Nakamori ◽  
Yu Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Medical Transport ◽  
Polymerase Chain

ABSTRACT The Diamond Princess cruise ship, carrying 3711 passengers and crew members, docked at Yokohama Port in Japan on February 3, 2020. A quarantine was immediately instituted because 1 passenger who had disembarked in Hong Kong was confirmed to have tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). After the quarantine began, all passengers and crew were tested using the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction assay on the ship, 696 of whom tested positive. In total, 769 patients, including 696 with COVID-19, required transport to a hospital. The Japan Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) successfully picked up and safely transported the COVID-19 patients using a novel classification system to prioritize patients. The Japan DMAT transported 203 patients to hospitals in Kanagawa and another 566 patients to hospitals in 15 different prefectures.

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