Bonds of Community: The Lives of Farm Women in Nineteenth-Century New York. Nancy Grey OsterudDependence and Autonomy: Women's Employment and the Family in Calcutta. Hilary StandingIf Eight Hours Seem Too Few: Mobilization of Women Workers in the Italian Rice Fields. Elda Zappi

Signs ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-275
Author(s):  
Donna Gabaccia
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Farm Women ◽  
Women's Employment ◽  
Women’S Employment ◽  
The Family

Sexual Division in Parenting: A Normative Context That Hinders Co-Responsibility

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110380
Author(s):  
José María García-de-Diego ◽  
Livia García-Faroldi
Keyword(s):  
Child Rearing ◽  
Women's Employment ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Women’S Employment ◽  
Sexual Division ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Family ◽  
Social Images ◽  
Employment Rates ◽  
Using Data

Recent decades have seen an increase in women’s employment rates and an expansion of egalitarian values. Previous studies document the so-called “motherhood penalty,” which makes women’s employment more difficult. Demands for greater shared child-rearing between parents are hindered by a normative climate that supports differentiated gender roles in the family. Using data from the Center for Sociological Research [Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas] (2018), this study shows that the Spanish population perceives that differentiated social images of motherhood and fatherhood still persist. The “sexual division in parenting” index is proposed and the profile of the individuals who most perceive this sexual division is analyzed. The results show that women and younger people are the most aware of this social normativity that unequally distributes child care, making co-responsibility difficult. The political implications of these results are discussed.

Empowered or Entangled: Agency and Choice in Women’s Employment in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-116
Author(s):  
Neetha N.
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Women's Employment ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Women’S Employment ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Self Help Groups

In India, formation of NGO-aided self-help groups (SHGs) for production was seen as an important step to lift women out of economic marginalisation and, thus, for women’s empowerment. With changes in economic policies, challenges of wage employment for women were also assumed to have been addressed. In this context, this article, drawing from the history of empowerment discourse and its obsession with the economic aspect, examines women’s employment and its multiple dimensions The analysis provides insights into the gender-based inequalities in the labour market which are evident in the concentration of women workers in precariat, feminised jobs either under the control of the family or without any recognition or legal protection. The prevalence of regressive gendered ideologies in employment and in the division of housework raises critical questions about the understanding of the two critical pillars of empowerment, namely, choice and agency.

‘It was Play or Starve’: John Banvard's Account of Early Showboats

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
John Hanners
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
The Family

John Banvard was a nineteenth-century adventurer, painter, poet, and theatre owner. Born in 1815 in New York City, he was forced to leave home at fifteen years of age when his father died and left the family penniless. He followed an older brother to Louisville, Kentucky, where he worked as an apothecary's helper and amateur artist. In 1833 he joined the Chapman Family as a scenic artist on the Floating Theatre, also known as Chapman's Ark, America's first showboat. This experience inspired Banvard to operate his own showboats and display his landscape paintings.

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