scholarly journals Shifting Vital Rate Correlations Alter Predicted Population Responses to Increasingly Variable Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. E57-E64 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Iles ◽  
Robert F. Rockwell ◽  
David N. Koons
Keyword(s):  
Vital Rate ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Variable Environments

scholarly journals Reduced phenotypic plasticity evolves in less predictable environments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Leung ◽  
Marie Rescan ◽  
Daphné Grulois ◽  
Luis-Miguel Chevin
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
Environmental Predictability ◽  
Variable Environments ◽  
Plastic Responses

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity is a prominent mechanism for coping with variable environments, and a key determinant of extinction risk. Evolutionary theory predicts that phenotypic plasticity should evolve to lower levels in environments that fluctuate less predictably, because they induce mismatches between plastic responses and selective pressures. However this prediction is difficult to test in nature, where environmental predictability is not controlled. Here, we exposed 32 lines of the halotolerant microalga Dunaliella salina to ecologically realistic, randomly fluctuating salinity, with varying levels of predictability, for 500 generations. We found that morphological plasticity evolved to lower levels in lines that experienced less predictable environments. Evolution of plasticity mostly concerned phases with slow population growth, rather than the exponential phase where microbes are typically phenotyped. This study underlines that long-term experiments with complex patterns of environmental change are needed to test theories about population responses to altered environmental predictability, as currently observed under climate change.

scholarly journals Feature-Based Attention Increases the Selectivity of Population Responses in Primate Visual Cortex

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 744-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio C Martinez-Trujillo ◽  
Stefan Treue
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Primate Visual Cortex ◽  
Feature Based

scholarly journals Modeling Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (S. trutta) population responses and interactions under increased minimum flow in a regulated river

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 106182
Author(s):  
Kristine L. Bjørnås ◽  
Steven F. Railsback ◽  
Olle Calles ◽  
John J. Piccolo
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Regulated River ◽  
Minimum Flow ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

scholarly journals Population responses to a historic drought across the range of the common monkeyflower ( Mimulus guttatus )

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Kooyers ◽  
Kelsie A. Morioka ◽  
Jack M. Colicchio ◽  
Kaitlyn S. Clark ◽  
Abigail Donofrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mimulus Guttatus ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Decision-related feedback in visual cortex lacks spatial selectivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina R. Quinn ◽  
Lenka Seillier ◽  
Daniel A. Butts ◽  
Hendrikje Nienborg
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Spatial Selectivity ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Stimulus Choice ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Computational Work ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
The Brain

AbstractFeedback in the brain is thought to convey contextual information that underlies our flexibility to perform different tasks. Empirical and computational work on the visual system suggests this is achieved by targeting task-relevant neuronal subpopulations. We combine two tasks, each resulting in selective modulation by feedback, to test whether the feedback reflected the combination of both selectivities. We used visual feature-discrimination specified at one of two possible locations and uncoupled the decision formation from motor plans to report it, while recording in macaque mid-level visual areas. Here we show that although the behavior is spatially selective, using only task-relevant information, modulation by decision-related feedback is spatially unselective. Population responses reveal similar stimulus-choice alignments irrespective of stimulus relevance. The results suggest a common mechanism across tasks, independent of the spatial selectivity these tasks demand. This may reflect biological constraints and facilitate generalization across tasks. Our findings also support a previously hypothesized link between feature-based attention and decision-related activity.

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