Muons in extensive air showers: III. Primary mass composition studies

1998 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
P R Blake ◽  
W F Nash
Keyword(s):  
Composition Studies ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Primary Mass

scholarly journals Determination of the invisible energy of extensive air showers from the data collected at Pierre Auger Observatory

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Analisa G. Mariazzi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Pierre Auger Observatory ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Systematic Uncertainties ◽  
Muon Production ◽  
The Invisible

In order to get the primary energy of cosmic rays from their extensive air showers using the fluorescence detection technique, the invisible energy should be added to the measured calorimetric energy. The invisible energy is the energy carried away by particles that do not deposit all their energy in the atmosphere. It has traditionally been calculated using Monte Carlo simulations that are dependent on the assumed primary particle mass and on model predictions for neutrino and muon production. In this work the invisible energy is obtained directly from events detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The method applied is based on the correlation of the measurements of the muon number at the ground with the invisible energy of the showers. By using it, the systematic uncertainties related to the unknown mass composition and to the high energy hadronic interaction models are significantly reduced, improving in this way the estimation of the energy scale of the Observatory.

Estimating of Cherenkov Radiation in Extensive Air Showers Using CORSIKA Code for Tunka133 EAS Cherenkov Array

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 807-811
Author(s):  
A.A. Al-Rubaiee ◽  
Uda Hashim ◽  
Mohd Khairuddin Md Arshad ◽  
A. Rahim Ruslinda ◽  
R.M. Ayub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Cherenkov Light ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
The Given

The simulation of Cherenkov light Lateral distribution function (LDF) in Extensive Air Showers (EAS) initiated primary particles such as primary calcium, argon, proton iron nuclei, neutron and nitrogen have been performed using CORSIKA program for conditions and configurations of Tunka133 EAS Cherenkov array. The simulation was fulfilled at the high energy range 1014-1016eV for four different zenith angles 0o, 10o, 15oand 30o. The results of the simulated Cherenkov light LDF are compared with the measurements of Tunka133 EAS array for the same particles and energy range mentioned above. This comparison may give the good ability to reconstruct the energy spectrum and mass composition of the primary cosmic ray particles in EAS. The main feature of the given approach consists of the possibility to make a library of Cherenkov light LDF samples which could be utilized for analysis of real events which can be detected with different EAS arrays and reconstruction of the primary cosmic rays energy spectrum and mass composition of EAS particles.

Note on multiple-core structure of the hadronic component of extensive air showers

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S37-S40 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Thielheim ◽  
E. K. Schlegel ◽  
R. Beieesdorf
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Core Structure ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Hadronic Interaction ◽  
Monte Carlo Calculations ◽  
Hadronic Component

Monte Carlo calculations on high-energy hadrons in extensive air showers have been performed, using various models of hadronic interaction and fragmentation. Frequencies of showers the hadronic component of which shows multiple-core structure are discussed in terms of primary particle and hadronic interaction parameters. The existence of a correlation between the primary mass composition and the frequencies of specified types of showers is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Discrimination of Muons for Mass Composition Studies of Inclined Air Showers Detected with IceTop

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswathi Balagopal V. ◽  
Rasha Abbasi ◽  
Markus Ackermann ◽  
Jenni Adams ◽  
Juanan Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composition Studies ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Air Showers
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