scholarly journals Corrosion Phenomena of High Temperature Alloys by Helium Impurities in the Primary Coolant of HTGR

2021 ◽  
Vol 2048 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
Q Wang ◽  
W Zheng ◽  
H Yin ◽  
S Li ◽  
X He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Trace Impurities ◽  
Protective Oxide ◽  
Primary Coolant ◽  
High Temperature Alloys ◽  
Carbon Transfer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Inconel 617 ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract The primary coolant circuit of the high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) contains trace impurities. A nickel base alloy would corrode when exposed to an atmosphere at a high temperature and for a long time. The protective oxide scale formed by chromium is an important factor to prevent severe corrosion of high temperature alloys. Corrosion tests were conducted on Inconel 617, Incoloy 800H, Hastelloy X, and T-22, which are commonly used in the steam generator of HTGR. The alloys were exposed to helium with trace impurities for 48 hours at 950°C. The corrosion results were analyzed by weighing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA). All the four alloys formed oxide scales in this atmosphere, but they differ in the capacity to resist corrosion. Therefore, the carbon transfer phenomenon observed in this experiment varies for the different alloys. In addition, for Cr in Inconel617, the expected depletion phenomenon near the corrosion layer occurred, which is consistent with the results from theoretical analysis.

The Effect of High Temperature on the Degradation of Heat-Resistant and High-Temperature Alloys

2009 ◽  
Vol 147-149 ◽  
pp. 744-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Błachnio
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
High Temperature Materials ◽  
High Temperature Alloys ◽  
Aerospace Technology ◽  
Aero Engines ◽  
Nickel Base

Heat-resistant and high-temperature materials are used to manufacture components, devices, and systems operated at high temperatures, i.e. under severe heat loads. Gas turbines used in the power industry, the traction, marine, and aircraft engines, the aerospace technology, etc. are good examples of such systems. Generally, as the temperature increases, the mechanical strength of materials decreases. While making such materials, there is a tendency to keep possibly low thermal weakening. In the course of operating gas turbines, various kinds of failures/defects/ damages may occur to components thereof, in particular, to blades. Predominating failures/damages are those attributable to the material overheating and thermal fatigue, all of them resulting in the loss of mechanical strength. The paper has been intended to present findings on changes in the microstructure of blades made of nickel-base alloy due to high temperature. The material gets overheated, which results in the deterioration of the microstructure’s condition. The material being in such condition presents low high-temperature creep resistance. Any component, within which such an effect occurs, is exposed to a failure/damage usually resulting in the malfunctioning of the turbine, and sometimes (as with aero-engines) in a fatal accident. Failures/damages of this kind always need major repairs, which are very expensive.

Corrosion of High Temperature Alloys in the Primary Coolant of HTGR Under Very-High Temperature Operation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuhao Wang ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Huaqiang Yin ◽  
Shengqiang Li ◽  
Xuedong He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Trace Impurities ◽  
Primary Coolant ◽  
Metallographic Examination ◽  
Hastelloy X ◽  
Carbon Transfer ◽  
Very High

Abstract The primary coolant loop of the high temperature gas-cooled reactor contains trace impurities that could cause some corrosion to the materials. When the HTGR operates at a very high temperature, the impurities in the coolant have significant influence on the properties of the alloys used in steam generators. Corrosion tests were conducted on the Inconel 800H, Inconel 617 and Hastelloy X, and the alloys are commonly used in the steam generator of HTGR. They were corroded for up to 48 hours at 950 °C in a given helium atmosphere with trace impurities, and the corrosion results were observed. The SEM with EDX system was utilized for the metallographic examination and surface oxide composition analysis. The AES was used to verify the EDS analysis results. Due to severe internal oxidation and surface carbon transfer, Inconel 800H has the worst corrosion resistance, but Hastelloy X with the dense oxide layer has the best corrosion resistance. For Inconel617, the Cr element depletion occurs near the corrosion layer, which is very consistent with the theory. Since a certain amount of manganese in Hastelloy X may contribute to the formation of a dense oxide layer, thus an appropriate increase of the manganese content may enhance the alloy’s corrosion resistance.

HAYNES ALLOY No. 150

Alloy Digest ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Temperature Alloys ◽  
Cobalt Base Alloy ◽  
Shock Resistance ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Cobalt Base ◽  
Haynes Alloy ◽  
Cobalt And Nickel

Abstract HAYNES ALLOY No. 150 is a cobalt-base alloy with excellent thermal shock resistance. It has a higher melting point than other cobalt-and nickel-base high-temperature alloys and resists high-temperature corrosion in air and air-sulfur dioxide atmospheres. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Co-84. Producer or source: Haynes International Inc..

ALTEMP HX

Alloy Digest ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract ALTEMP HX is an austenitic nickel-base alloy designed for outstanding oxidation and strength at high temperatures. The alloy is solid-solution strengthened. Applications include uses in the aerospace, heat treatment and petrochemical markets. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and creep. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance, and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-442. Producer or source: Allegheny Ludlum Corporation.

DELORO 716 PM

Alloy Digest ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract DELORO 716 PM is a nickel-base alloy recommended for handling conditions of wear, erosion, heat and corrosion when impact is also a consideration. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and hardness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and wear resistance as well as machining and joining. Filing Code: Ni-435. Producer or source: Deloro Stellite Inc.

MAR-M Alloy 200

Alloy Digest ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract MAR-M Alloy 200 is a nickel-base alloy designed primarily as a cast turbine blade material which retains useful strength up to 1900 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as heat treating and joining. Filing Code: Ni-107. Producer or source: Martin Metals Company.

INCONEL ALLOY 722

Alloy Digest ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Inconel Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract INCONEL Alloy 722, formerly Inconel W alloy, is a high strength, high-temperature nickel-base alloy responding to age hardening heat treatments for maximum properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-100. Producer or source: Huntington Alloy Products Division, An INCO Company.

UDIMET 41

Alloy Digest ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Corrosion And Oxidation

Abstract UDIMET 41 is a vacuum induction melted precipitation hardening nickel-base alloy having outstanding room and elevated temperature properties. It possesses excellent corrosion and oxidation resistance. It is designed for highly stressed components operating in the 1400-1700 deg F temperature range. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-92. Producer or source: Special Metals Inc..

WAUKESHA ALLOY 88

Alloy Digest ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract WAUKESHA METAL NO. 88 is a corrosion resistant nickel-base alloy compounded to run against stainless steel without galling or seizing. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as casting, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-84. Producer or source: Waukesha Foundry Company. Originally published July 1963, revised February 1993.

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