scholarly journals The importance of politics on precautionary principles’ implementation in the environmental sector: cases and examples of Indonesia and Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
S G Prakoso ◽  
W Lie ◽  
M P I Cahyani
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Precautionary Principle ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Government Action ◽  
The Precautionary Principle ◽  
Environment And Development ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Government

Abstract The United Nations’ arrangement to establish the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development in 1992 can be perceived as an effort to enforce sustainability efforts in the environmental sector. The declaration’s main principles are about the interdependent and indivisible relations between peace, development, and environmental protection. The Rio Declaration also mentions the term precautionary principle that could be implemented by the industrial actors in the countries but not limited to them. Countries that put ratification on it are directly binding to hold the mandate as one of the main actors in control of environmental protection. This study attempted to examine some countries’ government action toward formulation and implementation of environmental policy regarding the precautionary principle as the embodiment of the Rio Declaration 1992. This study will use descriptive qualitative methodology with data based on cases in Indonesia and Australia. The findings will explain the direct and indirect correlations within the government and industrial actors about the precautionary principle in the action. In addition, the result of this study indicates how politics plays a powerful role in the implementation of the precautionary principle.

Realising Ainu indigenous rights: a commentary on Hiroshi Maruyama's ‘Japan's post-war Ainu policy. Why the Japanese Government has not recognised Ainu indigenous rights?’

Polar Record ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohiro Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
United Nations Declaration

ABSTRACTThis commentary reviews Maruyama's article ‘Japan's post-war Ainu policy: why the Japanese Government has not recognised Ainu indigenous rights?’ (Maruyama 2013a), published in this journal. Maruyama criticises the government for its reluctance to enact a new Ainu law to guarantee indigenous rights, even after Japan's ratification of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). However, in actuality, the government is searching for the foundation of new Ainu policies in the existing legal frameworks and trying to guarantee some elements of indigenous rights. Japan's case suggests the possibility of realising indigenous rights without the enactment of a specific law.

scholarly journals Canada in the United Nations General Assembly from Trudeau to Trudeau

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srdjan Vucetic ◽  
Bojan Ramadanovic
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
The World ◽  
United Nations General Assembly ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Western European ◽  
The Government

All Canadian governments say that Canada must look to its “friends and allies” and “like-minded partners” to achieve greater cooperation on global issues. But who are these countries exactly? To gain a better understanding of where Ottawa stands in the world, with whom, and under what conditions, we analyze Canada’s voting patterns in the United Nations General Assembly from 1980 to 2017. We find that Canada’s overall record tends towards that of Western European states. We find no evidence of greater affinity with US positions either when the Democrats are in power in Washington or when the conservative parties reign in power in Ottawa. We identify a sharp pro-US turn in the Harper years, and also confirm that the government of Justin Trudeau started off by maintaining rather than reversing this trend.

Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law

1993 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Marian Nash
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
George Bush ◽  
Environment And Development ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Contemporary Practice

On September 8, 1992, President George Bush transmitted to the Senate for advice and consent to ratification the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, adopted at New York on May 9, 1992, by the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climate Change and signed on behalf of the United States at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro on June 12, 1992.

Editorial

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-6
Author(s):  
Masa Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Legal Enforcement ◽  
Societal Pressure ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Environment And Development ◽  
The United Nations

Homes need to be socially, economically, and environmentally sustainable in response to societal pressure on our common future. The concept of ‘Sustainable Development’ was first advocated by the World Commission on Environment and Development, dated back to 1987, and it was considered as ‘a process of change in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of investments, the orientation of technological development, and institutional change are all in harmony and enhance both current and future potential to meet needs and aspirations.’ In 1992, this notion was given additional impetus at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (or the Earth Summit) held in Rio de Janeiro where an initial international treaty on environment was produced; however, this had neither limits on green house gas emissions nor legal enforcement provisions for individual nations. In 1997, the text of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was adopted eventually at the 3rd Conference of the Parties held in Kyoto, Japan. As of April 2008, 178 states signed and ratified the Protocol; in consequence, most industrialized nations and some central European countries agreed to legally binding the reductions of greenhouse gas emissions of an average of 6 to 8% below 1990 levels between the years 2008 and 2012.

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