scholarly journals Statistical Analysis and Trend Detection of the Hydrological Extremes of the Danube River at Bratislava

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012101
Author(s):  
Veronika Bacová Mitková
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Trend Detection ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hydrological Extremes ◽  
Measured Water

Abstract The territory of the Danube River Basin is one of the most flood-endangered regions in Europe. The flow regime conditions of the Danube River are continually changing. These changes are the result of natural processes and anthropogenic activities. In the present study, we focused on the statistical analysis and trend detection of the hydrological extremes of the Danube River at Bratislava. This paper firstly analyses the changes in correlation between water levels of the Danube River at Bratislava and Kienstock. Studied period of 1991-2013 included one or three hour measured water levels of the Danube River at Bratislava and Kienstock and shorter periods (1991–1995, 1999–2002, and 2004—2013) were selected for identification of the water level changes at Bratislava. One of the factors that recall the necessity to establish empirical - regression relationships was increasing of water levels of the Danube River at Bratislava (due to sediments accumulation at Bratislava). The results of the analysis indicated an increasing of water levels corresponding to the same flood discharges observed in the past. We also can say that travel time of the Danube floods between Kienstock and Bratislava did not change significantly during the analysed period. In the second part of the paper, we have identified changes in commonly used hydrological characteristics of annual maximum discharges, annual discharges and daily discharges of the Danube River at Bratislava during the period of 1876–2019. We examined whether there is a significant trend in discharges of the Danube River at Bratislava.

scholarly journals Hydrological simulation of flood transformations in the upper Danube River: Case study of large flood events

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Bačová Mitková ◽  
Pavla Pekárová ◽  
Pavol Miklánek ◽  
Ján Pekár
Keyword(s):  
Natural Transformation ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
River Reach ◽  
Flood Waves

Abstract The problem of understand natural processes as factors that restrict, limit or even jeopardize the interests of human society is currently of great concern. The natural transformation of flood waves is increasingly affected and disturbed by artificial interventions in river basins. The Danube River basin is an area of high economic and water management importance. Channel training can result in changes in the transformation of flood waves and different hydrographic shapes of flood waves compared with the past. The estimation and evolution of the transformation of historical flood waves under recent river conditions is only possible by model simulations. For this purpose a nonlinear reservoir cascade model was constructed. The NLN-Danube nonlinear reservoir river model was used to simulate the transformation of flood waves in four sections of the Danube River from Kienstock (Austria) to Štúrovo (Slovakia) under relatively recent river reach conditions. The model was individually calibrated for two extreme events in August 2002 and June 2013. Some floods that occurred on the Danube during the period of 1991–2002 were used for the validation of the model. The model was used to identify changes in the transformational properties of the Danube channel in the selected river reach for some historical summer floods (1899, 1954 1965 and 1975). Finally, a simulation of flood wave propagation of the most destructive Danube flood of the last millennium (August 1501) is discussed.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Hydrological Regime of the Danube River at Ceatal Izmail Station

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 012035
Author(s):  
Pavla Pekarova ◽  
Liudmyla Gorbachova ◽  
Veronika Bacová Mitkova ◽  
Jan Pekar ◽  
Pavol Miklanek
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Danube River ◽  
The Danube River

WATER AND SALT BALANCES OF KATLABUKH LAKE UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF WATER RESERVOIR OPERATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Y.A. Romanova ◽  
Zh.R. Shakirzanova ◽  
E. D. Gopchenko ◽  
I.S. Medvedieva
Keyword(s):  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Danube River ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Mineralized Water ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Salt Flow

Katlabukh Lake is a part of the Danube Lakes system and is one of the surface water sources for water supply, for agricultural needs and irrigation of the region. Changing the conditions of operation and regulation of the reservoir led to a decrease of water levels and an increase of salinity, which makes it impossible to use water for different management needs. Calculations of the water and salt regimes of the lake based on the solution of the equation of balance said that in the water balance of Katlabukh Lake the main volume of the revenue part for the period 1980-2018 was precipitation (36.1%) and water inflow from the Danube River (38%), and the expenditure part – evaporation together with transpiration (50.5%). Salt flow into the lake is mainly due to surface inflow (53.4%) and water of the Danube River (25.5%), and loss of irrigation (45.1%) and water discharges to the Danube River (31.9%). Simulation modeling of the water-salt regime of the Katlabukh lake under different conditions of exploitation of the reservoir showed that corrective management measures are needed to improve the qualitative indicators of the water in the reservoir. They consist in the fact that for three summer months it is necessary to carry out forced pumping of poorly mineralized water from the Danube River to compensate for evaporation from the water surface (on average in volumes of the order of 55 million m3) or to carry out fences of water from the lake for irrigation in 60 million m3. This will allow to reach the design values of water mineralization in the lake equal to 1.0-1.5 g/dm3. Thus, addressing a range of problems to conserve and restore the rational use of the natural resources of Katlabukh Lake requires effective managerial water management activities that require additional feasibility studies.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Based Prediction of Seawater Level: A Case Study for Bosphorus Strait

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1242-1254
Author(s):  
Yavuz Karsavran ◽  
Tarkan Erdik
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Bosphorus Strait

Sea level prediction is an important phenomenon for making reliable oceanographic and ship traffic management decisions especially for Bosphorus Strait that has no permanent sea level measurement stations due to high cost. This study presents artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) to predict the seawater level in the Bosphorus Strait. In addition, the Multiple Linear Regression model (MLR) is constructed and employed as a benchmark. The dataset employed in developing the models are wind speed, atmospheric pressure, water surface salinity, and temperature data, which were measured between September 2004 and January 2006. The results reveal that all ANN and SVM models outperform MLR and can predict the water levels quite accurately. ANN has a better performance than SVM for predicting sea level in the Bosphorus by coefficient of correlation (R) = 0.76 and root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.059. Moreover, the influence of the Danube River discharge in the prediction is investigated in the present study. The discharge of the Danube River by the lag time of 70 days yields the highest performance on ANN by increasing R to 0.82 and decreasing RMSE to 0.048.

scholarly journals A methodological approach for monitoring of riparian forests in protected areas on Danube islands

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Georgi Hinkov ◽  
Plamen Glogov ◽  
Vania Kachova ◽  
Mira L. Georgieva ◽  
Cristian Anghelus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
The Danube River

In the last decades, invasive plant species have rapidly settled on the islands in the Danube River. This process is closely related to anthropogenic activities, such as felling and cultivation of soil for affor-estation of Euro-American poplar trees throughout the Danube River basin. In this regard, it is im-portant to: (i) determine the speed and scope of invasive vegetation establishment and (ii) determine more precisely the ongoing successional dynamics. Monitoring in permanent plots is needed to track the changes and assist in decision-making processes for the management of protected areas on the islands in the Danube River. The aim of the study is to describe and justify an innovative approach to analyse the dynamic of the invasion species occurrence and development as related to site conditions and management across the islands in the Danube River. The following methodological approach was considered: (1) selection of islands with well-preserved and sufficient in area covered by natural forest vegetation; (2) differentiation of strata by forest type, age and canopy cover; (3) setting up permanent sample plots for long-term monitoring in natural riparian forests.

Radiocarbon and Stable Isotopes as Groundwater Tracers in the Danube River Basin of SW Slovakia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 1017-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
P P Povinec ◽  
Z Ženišová ◽  
A Šivo ◽  
N Ogrinc ◽  
M Richtáriková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Groundwater Aquifer ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
Vertical Variations ◽  
Danube River Basin

Horizontal and vertical variations in the distribution of 14C, δ13C, δ18O, and δ2H in groundwater of Žitný Island (Rye Island) have been studied. Žitný Island, situated in the Danube River Basin, is the largest island in Europe that is formed by interconnected rivers. It is also the largest groundwater reservoir in central Europe (∼1010 m3 of drinking water). The δ2H vs. δ18O plot made from collected groundwater samples showed an agreement with the Global Meteoric Water Line. In the eastern part of the island, it was found that subsurface water profiles (below 10 m water depth) showed enriched δ18O levels, which were probably caused by large evaporation losses and the practice of irrigating the land for agriculture. The core of the subsurface 14C profile represents contemporary groundwater with 14C values >80 pMC, indicating that the Danube River during all its water levels feeds most of the groundwater of Žitný Island. However, on the eastern part of the island a small area was found where the δ13C and 14C data (down to ∼30 pMC) helped to identify a groundwater aquifer formed below the Neogene clay sediments. This is the first time that vertical distributions of isotopes in different groundwater horizons have been studied.

scholarly journals Impact of the Danube River on the groundwater dynamics in the Kozloduy Lowland

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Peter Gerginov
Keyword(s):  
Drainage System ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Drainage Flow ◽  
Groundwater Balance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Water Influx ◽  
Groundwater Regime

Intense groundwater flow in the Kozloduy Lowland is related to the formed layered aquifer on the contemporary Danube River terrace. The main factors affecting the groundwater regime are fluctuations of the Danube River, water influx from the south and the recharge as a part of the rainfalls in the area. The drainage system in the central part of the lowland affects the water levels and creates a widespread depression. This forms a disturbed groundwater regime in the area. The impacts of the Danube River for a six-year period (from 2007 to 2012) have been estimated. The groundwater balance elements were analyzed, based on transient numerical model of the lowland. Fluctuations of the groundwater levels are the most significant close to the river at a distance of 300–400 m, reaching as much as 1000 m in the lowland. Oscillation’s amplitude of groundwater levels gradually decreases with distance from the river and as a result of the drainage system abstraction. There is relation between the water stages in the river and the intensity of the drainage flow.

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