Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Initial Report and Review of the Literature

Background. Surgical resection remains the standard treatment for adrenocortical carcinoma. Higher rates of local and peritoneal recurrence have been reported with the laparoscopic approach compared to open resection, although the evidence is limited. A dilemma occurs when tumors appear benign in nature, measure >5 cm, or when patients request a minimally invasive surgical approach. We describe the first reported case to date of successful robot-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy for myxoid variant adrenocortical carcinoma. Case Presentation. A 38 year old female presented with a large 8.0 cm enhancing left adrenal mass concerning for pheochromocytoma, given refractory hypertension and symptoms of palpitations and headaches. Functional work up was negative. The patient underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic left adrenalectomy after appropriate alpha and beta blockade. Histological sections demonstrated a cortical neoplasm with prominent myxoid changes consistent with myxoid adrenocortical carcinoma. The patient’s symptoms resolved and serial imaging demonstrated no recurrence three and nine months, post-operatively. Conclusion. Myxoid adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare and aggressive entity best managed with surgical resection. Though open resection for invasive adrenal cancer remains the gold standard, minimally invasive approaches are being increasingly used, whether deliberately or not. We describe the first reported robot-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy for invasive myxoid adrenocortical carcinoma.

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Robot-Assisted Autism Therapy (RAAT). Criteria and Types of Experiments Using Anthropomorphic and Zoomorphic Robots. Review of the Research

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21113720 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 3720

Author(s):

Barbara Szymona ◽

Marcin Maciejewski ◽

Robert Karpiński ◽

Kamil Jonak ◽

Elżbieta Radzikowska-Büchner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Schema ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

The Body ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Robot Assisted ◽

Social Contacts ◽

Joint Activities ◽

Autism Therapy ◽

Real Person ◽

Future Work

Supporting the development of a child with autism is a multi-profile therapeutic work on disturbed areas, especially understanding and linguistic expression used in social communication and development of social contacts. Previous studies show that it is possible to perform some therapy using a robot. This article is a synthesis review of the literature on research with the use of robots in the therapy of children with the diagnosis of early childhood autism. The review includes scientific journals from 2005–2021. Using descriptors: ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorders), Social robots, and Robot-based interventions, an analysis of available research in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science was done. The results showed that a robot seems to be a great tool that encourages contact and involvement in joint activities. The review of the literature indicates the potential value of the use of robots in the therapy of people with autism as a facilitator in social contacts. Robot-Assisted Autism Therapy (RAAT) can encourage child to talk or do exercises. In the second aspect (prompting during a conversation), a robot encourages eye contact and suggests possible answers, e.g., during free conversation with a peer. In the third aspect (teaching, entertainment), the robot could play with autistic children in games supporting the development of joint attention. These types of games stimulate the development of motor skills and orientation in the body schema. In future work, a validation test would be desirable to check whether children with ASD are able to do the same with a real person by learning distrust and cheating the robot.

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Robot-assisted surgery with Senhance robotic system for colon cancer: our original single-incision plus 2-port procedure and a review of the literature

Techniques in Coloproctology ◽

10.1007/s10151-020-02389-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 467-471

Author(s):

Yasumitsu Hirano ◽

Hiroka Kondo ◽

Shigeki Yamaguchi

Keyword(s):

Colon Cancer ◽

Single Incision ◽

Robotic System ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Robot Assisted ◽

Senhance Robotic System ◽

Robot Assisted Surgery

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Postoperative peripheral neuropathies associated with patient positioning during robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP): A systematic review of the literature

The Prostate ◽

10.1002/pros.24121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 81 (7) ◽

pp. 361-367

Author(s):

Julian Cornelius ◽

Jonas Mudlagk ◽

Luca Afferi ◽

Philipp Baumeister ◽

Agostino Mattei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Radical Prostatectomy ◽

Patient Positioning ◽

Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy ◽

Peripheral Neuropathies ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Robot Assisted

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Open Versus Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Meta-analysis of Surgical and Oncological Outcomes

Annals of Surgical Oncology ◽

10.1245/s10434-015-4900-x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 1195-1202 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Riccardo Autorino ◽

Pierluigi Bove ◽

Marco De Sio ◽

Roberto Miano ◽

Salvatore Micali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adrenocortical Carcinoma ◽

Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Oncological Outcomes ◽

Open Versus

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Gastrointestinal Complications of Laparoscopic/Robot-Assisted Urologic Surgery and a Review of the Literature

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research ◽

10.14740/jocmr2090w ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 203-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mert Ali Karadag ◽

Kursat Cecen ◽

Aslan Demir ◽

Murat Bagcioglu ◽

Ramazan Kocaaslan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Review Of The Literature ◽

Robot Assisted ◽

Gastrointestinal Complications ◽

Urologic Surgery

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Retrospective comparison of three minimally invasive approaches for adrenal tumors: perioperative outcomes of transperitoneal laparoscopic, retroperitoneal laparoscopic and robot-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy

BMC Urology ◽

10.1186/s12894-020-00637-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Changwei Ji ◽

Qun Lu ◽

Wei Chen ◽

Feifei Zhang ◽

Hao Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Length Of Stay ◽

Blood Loss ◽

Minimally Invasive ◽

Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy ◽

Perioperative Outcomes ◽

Adrenal Tumors ◽

Transfusion Rate ◽

Robot Assisted ◽

Estimated Blood Loss ◽

Minimally Invasive Adrenalectomy

Abstract Background To compare the perioperative outcomes of transperitoneal laparoscopic (TLA), retroperitoneal laparoscopic (RLA), and robot-assisted transperitoneal laparoscopic (RATLA) adrenalectomy for adrenal tumors in our center. Methods Between April 2012 and February 2018, 241 minimally invasive adrenalectomies were performed. Cases were categorized based on the minimally invasive adrenalectomy technique. Demographic characteristics, perioperative information and pathological data were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results This study included 37 TLA, 117 RLA, and 87 RATLA procedures. Any two groups had comparable age, ASA score, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and preoperative hemoglobin. The tumor size for RLA patients was 2.7 ± 1.1 cm, which was significantly smaller compared to patients who underwent TLA/RATLA (p = 0.000/0.000). Operative time was similar in any two groups, while estimated blood loss was lower for RATLA group (75.6 ± 95.6 ml) compared with the TLA group (131.1 ± 204.5 ml) (p = 0.041). Conversion to an open procedure occurred in only one (2.7%) patient in the TLA group for significant adhesion and hemorrhage. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of transfusion rate and complication rate. Length of stay was shorter for the RATLA group versus the TLA/RLA group (p = 0.000/0.029). In all groups, adrenocortical adenoma and pheochromocytoma were the most frequent histotypes. Conclusions Minimally invasive adrenalectomy is associated with expected excellent outcomes. In our study, the RATLA approach appears to provide the benefits of decreased estimated blood loss and length of stay. Robotic adrenalectomy appears to be a safe and effective alternative to conventional laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

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