body schema
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2022 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 107134
Author(s):  
Qinxue Liu ◽  
Jiayin Wu ◽  
Zongkui Zhou ◽  
Weijun Wang

Labyrinth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
Debra Bergoffen
Keyword(s):  

Examining the continuities and differences between war and war-like violence, focusing on the war like violence of racism and rape through the lens of Sartre’s ontology of “The Look”, Merleau-Ponty’s concept of a body schema, and Beauvoir’s analysis of women as “the sex”, I argue that war-like violence deploys the affect perceptions of shame, degrada-tion, humiliation and disgust to violate the ontological contract of intersubjectivity and mutual vulnerability.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1625
Author(s):  
Alessandra Giordano ◽  
Michele Boffano ◽  
Raimondo Piana ◽  
Roberto Mutani ◽  
Alessandro Cicolin

Purpose: the evaluation of body image perception, pain coping strategies, and dream content, together with phantom limb and telescoping phenomena in patients with sarcoma who underwent surgery for limb amputation. Material and Methods: consecutive outpatients were evaluated at T0 (within 3 weeks after surgery) and T1 (4–6 months after surgery) as follows: demographic and clinical data collection; the Groningen Questionnaire Problems after Arm Amputation; the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory; the Body Image Concern Inventory, a clinical trial to identify telescoping; and a weekly diary of dreams. Dream contents were coded according to the Hall and Van de Castle coding system. Results: Twenty patients completed the study (15 males and 5 females, mean age: 53.9 ± 24.6, education: 7.8 ± 3.4). All subjects experienced phantom limb and 35% of them experienced telescoping soon after surgery, and 25% still after 4–6 months. Both at T0 and T1, that half of the subjects reported dreams about still having their missing limbs. At T1 the patients’ perceptions of being able to deal with problems were lower, and pain and its interference in everyday life were higher yet associated with significant engagement in everyday activities and an overall good mood. The dream content analysis highlighted that males were less worried about health problems soon after amputation, and women showed more initial difficulties that seemed to be resolved after 4–6 months after surgery. Conclusions: The dream content analysis may improve clinicians’ ability to support their patients during their therapeutic course.


Author(s):  
Claudia Régis ◽  
Marie-Cécile Le Deley ◽  
Emilie Bogart ◽  
Clémence Leguillette ◽  
Loic Boulanger ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 108136
Author(s):  
Marie Martel ◽  
Véronique Boulenger ◽  
Eric Koun ◽  
Livio Finos ◽  
Alessandro Farnè ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Claudia Régis ◽  
Marie-Cécile Le Deley ◽  
Emilie Bogart ◽  
Clémence Leguillette ◽  
Loic Boulanger ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2 supplement) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
Sara Incao ◽  
Carlo Mazzola

"New technologies implied in art creation and exhibition are modifying the traditional landmarks on which aesthetics has always focused. In particular, Virtual Reality artworks call the body into question when it comes to living a bodily experience within exhibitions accessible through technological tools that expand the human body’s capabilities and motor potential. The body's status is challenged in its traditional unity, that of a subject of experience living in a world where the spatial configuration is relatively constant. Conversely, in Virtual Reality, the spatial aspect is novel to our body which needs to adapt to unpredicted and disorientating motor schemas. Therefore, the Virtual Reality aesthetic experience takes place into a novel configuration for the human body: hybrid and split into the virtual realm. Keywords: Aesthetics; Virtual Reality; Embodiment; Digital art; Bodily awareness "


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Strong ◽  
Helena Grip ◽  
Carl-Johan Boraxbekk ◽  
Jonas Selling ◽  
Charlotte K. Häger

Abstract Knee proprioception deficits and neuroplasticity have been indicated following injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Evidence is however scarce regarding brain response to knee proprioception tasks and the impact of ACL injury. Twenty-one persons with unilateral ACL reconstruction (mean 23 months post-surgery) of either the right (n = 10) or left (n = 11) knee, as well as 19 controls (CTRL) matched for sex, age, height, weight and current activity level, performed a knee joint position sense (JPS) test during simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Integrated motion capture recorded knee kinematics. Recruited brain regions included somatosensory cortices, prefrontal cortex and insula. Neither brain response nor JPS errors differed between groups, but across groups significant correlations revealed that greater errors were associated with greater ipsilateral response in the anterior cingulate (r = 0.476, P = 0.009), supramarginal gyrus (r = 0.395, P = 0.034) and insula (r = 0.474, P = 0.008). This is the first study to capture brain response using fMRI in relation to quantifiable knee JPS. Activated brain regions have previously been associated with sensorimotor processes, body schema and interoception. Our innovative paradigm can help to guide future research investigating brain response to lower limb proprioception.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 4439
Author(s):  
Nico Magni ◽  
Jill Collier ◽  
Peter McNair ◽  
David A. Rice

Symptomatic hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a severely debilitating condition. Neuropathic pain (NP) has been shown to be a factor affecting pain severity, hand function, psychological wellbeing, body schema, and the number of pain medications in people with OA of other joints. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of NP in symptomatic hand OA and assess its association with pain, hand function, measures of psychological wellbeing, sleep, body schema disturbances, and number of pain medications. Participants with symptomatic hand OA diagnosed through the American College of Rheumatology criteria, were recruited and completed a series of online questionnaires. These included the Douleur Neuropathique 4 interview (DN4-interview), Short Form Brief Pain Inventory (SF-BPI), Neglect-like Symptoms questionnaire, Functional Index of Hand Osteoarthritis (FIHOA), Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Pain Catastrophising Scale (PCS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regression with age, body mass index, and sex as covariates were utilised to assess differences between participants with and without NP as identified through the DN4-interview. Correlation analysis assessed the relationship between pain intensity, body schema alterations, and number of pain medications. A total of 121 participants were included in the present study. Forty-two percent of participants presented with NP. Participants with NP reported higher levels of worst pain (OR: 10.2 95% CI: 2.2 to 48.5; p = 0.007). Worst pain intensity correlated with the number of pain medications (rho = 0.2; p = 0.04), and neglect-like symptoms (rho = 0.4; p < 0.0001). No difference between phenotypes was shown for catastrophising, function, depression, neglect-like symptoms, pain interference, or sleep. A large proportion of people with symptomatic hand OA present with NP. This phenotype is characterised by greater levels of pain intensity. Pain intensity is associated with number of pain relief medications and body schema alteration. Psychological factors, hand function, and sleep do not appear to be affected by the presence of NP.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Rossi ◽  
Gionata Salvietti ◽  
Francesco Neri ◽  
Sara M. Romanella ◽  
Alessandra Cinti ◽  
...  

AbstractIt is likely that when using an artificially augmented hand with six fingers, the natural five plus a robotic one, corticospinal motor synergies controlling grasping actions might be different. However, no direct neurophysiological evidence for this reasonable assumption is available yet. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex to directly address this issue during motor imagery of objects’ grasping actions performed with or without the Soft Sixth Finger (SSF). The SSF is a wearable robotic additional thumb patented for helping patients with hand paresis and inherent loss of thumb opposition abilities. To this aim, we capitalized from the solid notion that neural circuits and mechanisms underlying motor imagery overlap those of physiological voluntary actions. After a few minutes of training, healthy humans wearing the SSF rapidly reshaped the pattern of corticospinal outputs towards forearm and hand muscles governing imagined grasping actions of different objects, suggesting the possibility that the extra finger might rapidly be encoded into the user’s body schema, which is integral part of the frontal-parietal grasping network. Such neural signatures might explain how the motor system of human beings is open to very quickly welcoming emerging augmentative bioartificial corticospinal grasping strategies. Such an ability might represent the functional substrate of a final common pathway the brain might count on towards new interactions with the surrounding objects within the peripersonal space. Findings provide a neurophysiological framework for implementing augmentative robotic tools in humans and for the exploitation of the SSF in conceptually new rehabilitation settings.


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