Reductions of Anxiety Symptoms, State Anxiety, and Anxious Arousal in Youth Playing the Videogame MindLight Compared to Online Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Y.L. Tsui ◽  
Kalee DeFrance ◽  
Sarosh Khalid-Khan ◽  
Isabela Granic ◽  
Tom Hollenstein
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Anxious Arousal

scholarly journals Blended Care-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Real-World Settings: Pragmatic Retrospective Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Lungu ◽  
Janie Jihee Jun ◽  
Okhtay Azarmanesh ◽  
Yan Leykin ◽  
Connie E-Jean Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Real World ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Care Intervention ◽  
Blended Care ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND The past few decades saw considerable advances in research and dissemination of evidence-based psychotherapies, yet available treatment resources are not able to meet the high need for care for individuals suffering from depression or anxiety. Blended care psychotherapy, which combines the strengths of therapist-led and internet interventions, can narrow this gap and be clinically effective and efficient, but has rarely been evaluated outside of controlled research settings. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effectiveness of a blended care intervention (video-based cognitive behavior therapy and internet intervention) under real-world conditions. METHODS This is a pragmatic retrospective cohort analysis of 385 participants with clinical range depression and/or anxiety symptoms at baseline, measured using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), who enrolled in blended care psychotherapy treatment. Participants resided in the United States and had access to the blended care intervention as a mental health benefit offered through their employers. Levels of depression and anxiety were tracked throughout treatment. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine the change in symptoms over time. The effects of age, gender, and providers on participants’ symptom change trajectories were also evaluated. Paired sample t-tests were also conducted, and rates of positive clinical change and clinically significant improvement were calculated. RESULTS The average depression and anxiety symptoms at 6 weeks after the start of treatment were 5.94 and 6.57, respectively. There were significant linear effects of time on both symptoms of depression and anxiety (β=–.49, <i>P</i>&lt;.001 and β=–.64, <i>P</i>&lt;.001). The quadratic effect was also significant for both symptoms of depression and anxiety (β=.04, P&lt;.001 for both), suggesting a decelerated decrease in symptoms over time. Approximately 73% (n=283) of all 385 participants demonstrated reliable improvement, and 83% (n=319) recovered on either the PHQ-9 or GAD-7 measures. Large effect sizes were observed on both symptoms of depression (Cohen d=1.08) and of anxiety (d=1.33). CONCLUSIONS Video blended care cognitive behavioral therapy interventions can be effective and efficient in treating symptoms of depression and anxiety in real-world conditions. Future research should investigate the differential and interactive contribution of the therapist-led and digital components of care to patient outcomes to optimize care.

The Effect of Rumination and Reappraisal on Social Anxiety Symptoms During Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith A. Brozovich ◽  
Philippe Goldin ◽  
Ihno Lee ◽  
Hooria Jazaieri ◽  
Richard G. Heimberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral

scholarly journals Randomized controlled evaluation of the effect of music therapy with cognitive-behavioral therapy on social anxiety symptoms

Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (32) ◽  
pp. e16495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkechi T. Egenti ◽  
Moses O. Ede ◽  
Edith N. Nwokenna ◽  
Theresa Oforka ◽  
Bonaventure N. Nwokeoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Controlled Evaluation

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Patients With COVID-19: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifen Liu ◽  
Dan Qiao ◽  
Yifan Xu ◽  
Wentao Zhao ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Anxiety Depression

BACKGROUND The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with COVID-19 is higher than usual. Previous studies have shown that there are drug-to-drug interactions between antiretroviral drugs and antidepressants. Therefore, an effective and safe treatment method was needed. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first-line psychological therapy in clinical treatment. Computerized CBT (cCBT) was proven to be an effective alternative to CBT and does not require face-to-face therapy between a therapist and the patient, which suited the COVID-19 pandemic response. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the cCBT program we developed in improving depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients with COVID-19. METHODS We customized a cCBT program focused on improving depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients with COVID-19, and then, we assessed its effectiveness. Screening was based on symptoms of depression or anxiety for patients who scored ≥7 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD<sub>17</sub>) or the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). A total of 252 patients with COVID-19 at five sites were randomized into two groups: cCBT + treatment as usual (TAU; n=126) and TAU without cCBT (n=126). The cCBT + TAU group received the cCBT intervention program for 1 week. The primary efficacy measures were the HAMD<sub>17</sub> and HAMA scores. The secondary outcome measures were the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Assessments were carried out pre- and postintervention. The patients’ symptoms of anxiety and depression in one of the centers were assessed again within 1 month after the postintervention assessment. RESULTS The cCBT + TAU group displayed a significantly decreased score on the HAMD<sub>17</sub>, HAMA, SDS, SAS, and AIS after the intervention compared to the TAU group (all <i>P</i>&lt;.001). A mixed-effects repeated measures model revealed significant improvement in symptoms of depression (HAMD<sub>17</sub> and SDS scores, both <i>P</i>&lt;.001), anxiety (HAMA and SAS scores, both <i>P</i>&lt;.001), and insomnia (AIS score, <i>P</i>=.002) during the postintervention and follow-up periods in the cCBT + TAU group. Additionally, the improvement of insomnia among females (<i>P</i>=.14) and those with middle school education (<i>P</i>=.48) in the cCBT + TAU group showed no significant differences when compared to the TAU group. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that the cCBT program we developed was an effective nonpharmacological treatment for symptoms of anxiety, depression, and insomnia among patients with COVID-19. Further research is warranted to investigate the long-term effects of cCBT for symptoms of anxiety, depression, and insomnia in patients with COVID-19. CLINICALTRIAL Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000030084; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=49952

scholarly journals Blended Care-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Real-World Settings: Pragmatic Retrospective Study

10.2196/18723 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. e18723
Author(s):  
Anita Lungu ◽  
Janie Jihee Jun ◽  
Okhtay Azarmanesh ◽  
Yan Leykin ◽  
Connie E-Jean Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Real World ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Care Intervention ◽  
Blended Care ◽  
Over Time

Background The past few decades saw considerable advances in research and dissemination of evidence-based psychotherapies, yet available treatment resources are not able to meet the high need for care for individuals suffering from depression or anxiety. Blended care psychotherapy, which combines the strengths of therapist-led and internet interventions, can narrow this gap and be clinically effective and efficient, but has rarely been evaluated outside of controlled research settings. Objective This study evaluated the effectiveness of a blended care intervention (video-based cognitive behavior therapy and internet intervention) under real-world conditions. Methods This is a pragmatic retrospective cohort analysis of 385 participants with clinical range depression and/or anxiety symptoms at baseline, measured using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), who enrolled in blended care psychotherapy treatment. Participants resided in the United States and had access to the blended care intervention as a mental health benefit offered through their employers. Levels of depression and anxiety were tracked throughout treatment. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine the change in symptoms over time. The effects of age, gender, and providers on participants’ symptom change trajectories were also evaluated. Paired sample t-tests were also conducted, and rates of positive clinical change and clinically significant improvement were calculated. Results The average depression and anxiety symptoms at 6 weeks after the start of treatment were 5.94 and 6.57, respectively. There were significant linear effects of time on both symptoms of depression and anxiety (β=–.49, P<.001 and β=–.64, P<.001). The quadratic effect was also significant for both symptoms of depression and anxiety (β=.04, P<.001 for both), suggesting a decelerated decrease in symptoms over time. Approximately 73% (n=283) of all 385 participants demonstrated reliable improvement, and 83% (n=319) recovered on either the PHQ-9 or GAD-7 measures. Large effect sizes were observed on both symptoms of depression (Cohen d=1.08) and of anxiety (d=1.33). Conclusions Video blended care cognitive behavioral therapy interventions can be effective and efficient in treating symptoms of depression and anxiety in real-world conditions. Future research should investigate the differential and interactive contribution of the therapist-led and digital components of care to patient outcomes to optimize care.

scholarly journals The Effect of Shame on Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder in Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyu Wang ◽  
Qingxue Zhao ◽  
Wenting Mu ◽  
Marcus Rodriguez ◽  
Mingyi Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Shame Proneness

BACKGROUND Prior research has demonstrated the efficacy of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) for social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, it is unclear how shame influences the efficacy of this treatment. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the role shame played in the ICBT treatment process for participants with SAD. METHODS A total of 104 Chinese participants (73 females; age: mean 24.92, SD 4.59 years) were randomly assigned to self-help ICBT, guided ICBT, or wait list control groups. For the guided ICBT group, half of the participants were assigned to the group at a time due to resource constraints. This led to a time difference among the three groups. Participants were assessed before and immediately after the intervention using the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Social Phobia Scale (SPS), and Experience of Shame Scale (ESS). RESULTS Participants’ social anxiety symptoms (self-help: differences between pre- and posttreatment SIAS=−12.71; Cohen <i>d</i>=1.01; 95% CI 9.08 to 16.32; <i>P</i>&lt;.001 and differences between pre- and posttreatment SPS=11.13; Cohen <i>d</i>=0.89; 95% CI 6.98 to 15.28; <i>P</i>&lt;.001; guided: SIAS=19.45; Cohen <i>d</i>=1.20; 95% CI 14.67 to 24.24; <i>P</i>&lt;.001 and SPS=13.45; Cohen <i>d</i>=0.96; 95% CI 8.26 to 18.64; <i>P</i>&lt;.001) and shame proneness (self-help: differences between pre- and posttreatment ESS=7.34; Cohen <i>d</i>=0.75; 95% CI 3.99 to 10.69; <i>P</i>&lt;.001 and guided: differences between pre- and posttreatment ESS=9.97; Cohen <i>d</i>=0.88; 95% CI 5.36 to 14.57; <i>P</i>&lt;.001) in both the self-help and guided ICBT groups reduced significantly after treatment, with no significant differences between the two intervention groups. Across all the ICBT sessions, the only significant predictors of reductions in shame proneness were the average number of words participants wrote in the exposure module (β=.222; SE 0.175; t<sub>96</sub>=2.317; <i>P</i>=.02) and gender (β=−.33; SE 0.002; t<sub>77</sub>=−3.13; <i>P</i>=.002). We also found a mediation effect, wherein reductions in shame fully mediated the relationship between the average number of words participants wrote in the exposure module and reductions in social anxiety symptoms (SIAS: β=−.0049; SE 0.0016; 95% CI −0.0085 to −0.0019 and SPS: β=−.0039; SE 0.0015; 95% CI −0.0075 to −0.0012). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that participants’ engagement in the exposure module in ICBT alleviates social anxiety symptoms by reducing the levels of shame proneness. Our study provides a new perspective for understanding the role of shame in the treatment of social anxiety. The possible mechanisms of the mediation effect and clinical implications are discussed.

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