Hodge-theoretic Atiyah-Meyer formulae and the stratified multiplicative property

Author(s):  
Laurentiu Maxim ◽  
Jörg Schürmann
2014 ◽  
Vol 409 (1) ◽  
pp. 576-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Budzyński ◽  
Zenon Jan Jabłoński ◽  
Il Bong Jung ◽  
Jan Stochel

Author(s):  
C. P. L. Rhodes

Let R be a commutative ring which may not contain a multiplicative identity. A set of elements a1,…,ak in R will be called an H1-set (this notation is explained in section 1) if for each relation r1a1 + … +rkak = 0 (ri ∈ R) there exist elements sij ∈ R such thatwhere Xl,…,Xk are indeterminates. Any R-sequence is an H1-set, but there do exist H1-sets which are not R-sequences (see section 1). Throughout this note we consider an H1-set a1,…,ak which we suppose to be partitioned into two non-empty sets bl…, br and cl,…, cs. Our main purpose is to show that the ideals B = Rb1 + … + Rbr and C = Rc1 + … + Rcs satisfy Bm ∩ Cn = BmCn for all positive integers m and n (Corollary 1). This generalizes Lemma 2 of Caruth(2) where the result is proved when a1,…, ak is a permutable R-sequence. Our proof involves more detail than is necessary just for this, and we obtain various other properties of H1-sets. In particular we extend the main results of Corsini(3) concerning the symmetric and Rees algebras of a power of the ideal Ra1 +… + Rak (Corollary 3).


2011 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUILLAUME AUBRUN ◽  
ION NECHITA

1984 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Chatters ◽  
S. M. Ginn

The units of a ring R are defined by means of a multiplicative property, but in many cases they generate R additively. For example, it is shown in [5, Proposition 6] that if R is a semi-simple Artinian ring then every element of R is a sum of units if and only if the ring S = ℤ/2ℤ⊕ℤ/2ℤ is not a direct summand of R, where ℤ denotes the ring of integers. The theme of this paper is to investigate the corresponding situation concerning regular elements, i. e. elements which are not zero-divisors. We show that if R is a semi-prime right Goldie ring then every element of R is a sum of regular elements if and only if R does not have the ring S defined above as a direct summand (Corollary 2.9). We also characterise those Noetherian rings R such that every element of R is a sum of regular elements (Theorem 2. 6). The characterisation is in terms of the nature of certain prime factor rings of R, and it is again the presence of the ring S, this time in a particular way as a factor ring of R, which prevents R from being generated by its regular elements. If R has no non-zero Artinian one-sided ideals or if 2 is a regular element of R, then every element of R is a sum of regular elements (Corollaries 2. 5 and 2. 7). As an application we show in Section 3 that, for many Noetherian rings R, the set of elements of R which are divisible by every regular element of R is a two-sided ideal of R.


Author(s):  
N. Jiao ◽  
W. Kang ◽  
Y. Xiang ◽  
H. You

Corners play an important role on image processing, while it is difficult to detect reliable and repeatable corners in SAR images due to the complex property of SAR sensors. In this paper, we propose a fast and novel corner detection method for SAR imagery. First, a local processing window is constructed for each point. We use the local mean of a 3 x 3 mask to represent a single point, which is weighted by a Gaussian template. Then the candidate point is compared with 16 surrounding points in the processing window. Considering the multiplicative property of speckle noise, the similarity measure between the center point and the surrounding points is calculated by the ratio of their local means. If there exist more than M continuous points are different from the center point, then the candidate point is labelled as a corner point. Finally, a selection strategy is implemented by ranking the corner score and employing the non-maxima suppression method. Extreme situations such as isolated bright points are also removed. Experimental results on both simulated and real-world SAR images show that the proposed detector has a high repeatability and a low localization error, compared with other state-of-the-art detectors.


Author(s):  
Manish Khare ◽  
Kalyanlakshmi Chitta

This paper discusses a possible approach to validate the Goldbach conjucture which states that all even numbers can be expressed as a summation of two prime numbers. For this purpose the paper begins with the concept of successive-addition-of-digits-of-an-integer-number (SADN) and its properties in terms of basic algebraic functions like addition, multiplication and subtraction. This concept of SADN forms the basis for classifying all odd numbers into 3 series- the S1, S3 and S5 series- which comprise of odd numbers of SADN(7,4,1), SADN(3,9,6) and SADN(5,2,8) respectively and follow a cyclical order. The S1 and S5 series are of interest in the analysis since they include both prime and composite numbers while the S3 series exclusively consists of composite numbers. Furthermore, the multiplicative property of SADN shows why composites on the S1 series are derived as products of intra-series elements of the S1 and S5 series while composites on the S5 series are derived as products of inter-series elements of the S1 and S5 series. The role of SADN is also important in determining the relevant series for identifying the combination of primes for a given even number since it shows why such combinations for even numbers of SADN(1,4,7) will be found on the S5 series while those for even numbers of SADN(2,5,8) will lie on the S1 series and both the series have a role to play in identifying the prime number combinations for even numbers with SADN(3,6,9). Thereafter, the analysis moves to calculating the total number of acceptable combinations for a given even number that would include combinations in the nature of two composites (c1+c2), one prime and one composite (p+c) and two primes (p1+p2). A cyclical pattern followed by even numbers is also discussed in this context. Identifying the c1+c2 and p+c combinations and thereafter subtracting them from the total number of combinations will yield the number of p1+p2 combinations. For this purpose the paper discusses a general method to calculate the number of composites on the S1 and S5 series for a given number and provides a detailed method for deriving the number of c1+c2 combinations. The paper presents this analysis as a proof to validate the Goldbach conjecture. Since even numbers can be of SADN 1 to 9 and the relation between nTc (i.e. total number of acceptable combinations) and nc(i.e. number of composites) for all even numbers can either be of nTc > nc or nTc ≤ nc, the paper shows that the Goldbach conjecture is true for both these categories of even numbers. In this manner this analysis is totally inclusive of all even numbers in general terms and since the analysis of every even number is common in methodology but unique in compilation, apart from being totally inclusive, it is also mutually exclusive in nature. This proves that the Goldbach conjecture which states that all even numbers can be expressed as atleast one combination of two prime numbers holds true for all even numbers, across all categories possible. Additionally this approach proves that the identification of p1+p2 combinations which would validate the Goldbach conjecture lies in the identification of c1+c2 combinations.


2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 671-677
Author(s):  
Mitsuo Kobayashi

Recently, it was shown that the density of abundant numbers has a simple series expression, which relies on the multiplicative property of the arithmetic function [Formula: see text]. We generalize this result by determining a class of multiplicative functions for which the series result carries over.


Author(s):  
Vasile I. Istratescu

We present a characterization of complete inner product spaces using en involution on the set of all bounded linear operators on a Banach space. As a metric conditions we impose a “multiplicative” property of the norm for hermitain operators. In the second part we present a simpler proof (we believe) of the Kakutani and Mackney theorem on the characterizations of complete inner product spaces. Our proof was suggested by an ingenious proof of a similar result obtained by N. Prijatelj.


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