Interaction of electromagnetic wave and metamaterial with inductive type chiral inclusions

The principle of calculation of a plate from a metamaterial with inductive type chiral inclusions is submitted. It is shown that distribution of an electromagnetic wave to such substance can be investigated with the help of introduction of a chiral parameter and on the basis of a detailed method of calculation. By comparison of two methods the dependence of chiral parameter from frequency of electromagnetic radiation falling on a plate is found. With the help of a detailed method the nonlinear differential equation for potential on the chiral plate is found. It is shown that this equation has solutions as traveling solitary and standing waves but not traveling sine waves. The analysis of the received solutions of the nonlinear equation is carried out. Transition from the multiwave solution to the solution as standing waves is graphically shown at reduction ofdistance between the chiral elements.

A Literature Review of Clinical Studies Using Sa-am Acupuncture

Sa-am acupuncture originated in the Chosun Dynasty and is a distinct feature of Korean medicine. It has been used to treat various diseases and conditions in clinical practice however, there is insufficient scientific evidence to support the use of Sa-am acupuncture. We aimed to comprehensively review the clinical studies of Sa-am acupuncture retrieved from national and international databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and 3 Korean databases). There were 52 articles reviewed including 29 case studies, 19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 4 uncontrolled trials. Neurological disorders were the most frequently studied, and kidney tonification, and directional supplementation and draining were the most frequently used methods. Overall, the outcomes were generally positive however, there were many additional treatments together with Sa-am acupuncture reported in the case reports, and the quality of evidence was low in the RCTs. Future studies should report the detailed method of practicing Saam acupuncture treatment and focus on the specific effect of Sa-am acupuncture with rigorous design to scientifically support the clinical use of Sa-am acupuncture.

Theft Prediction Model Based on Spatial Clustering to Reflect Spatial Characteristics of Adjacent Lands

Previous studies have shown that when a crime occurs, the risk of crime in adjacent areas increases. To reflect this, previous grid-based crime prediction studies combined all the cells surrounding the event location to be predicted for use in model training. However, the actual land is continuous rather than a set of independent cells as in a geographic information system. Because the patterns that occur according to the detailed method of crime vary, it is necessary to reflect the spatial characteristics of the adjacent land in crime prediction. In this study, cells with similar spatial characteristics were classified using the Max-p region model (a spatial clustering technique), and the performance was compared to the existing method using random forest (a tree-based machine learning model). According to the results, the F1 score of the model using spatial clustering increased by approximately 2%. Accordingly, there are differences in the physical environmental factors influenced by the detailed method of crime. The findings reveal that crime involving the same offender is likely to occur around the area of the original crime, indicating that a repeated crime is likely in areas with similar spatial features to the area where the crime occurred.

Influences on single-use and reusable cup use: a multidisciplinary mixed-methods approach to designing interventions reducing plastic waste

Background: An estimated 2.5-5 billion single-use coffee cups are disposed of annually in the UK, most of which consist of paper with a plastic lining. Due to the difficulty of recycling poly-coated material, most of these cups end up incinerated or put in landfills. As drinking (take-away) hot beverages is a behaviour, behaviour change interventions are necessary to reduce the environmental impacts of single-use coffee cup waste. Basing the design of interventions on a theoretical understanding of behaviour increases the transparency of the development process, the likelihood that the desired changes in behaviour will occur and the potential to synthesise findings across studies. Aim: The present paper presents a methodology for identifying influences on using single-use use and reusable cups as a basis for designing intervention strategies. Method and application: Two behaviour change frameworks: The Theoretical Domains Framework and the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour model of behaviour, were used to develop an online survey and follow-up interviews. Research findings can inform the selection of intervention strategies using a third framework, the Behaviour Change Wheel. The application of the methodology is illustrated in relation to understanding barriers and enablers to single-use and reusable cup use across the setting of a London university campus. Conclusions: We have developed a detailed method for identifying behavioural influences relevant to pro-environmental behaviours, together with practical guidance for each step and a worked example. Benefits of this work include it providing guidance on developing study materials and collecting and analysing data. We offer this methodology to the intervention development and implementation community to assist in the application of behaviour change theory to interventions.

Quantitative Analyses of the Left Ventricle Volume and Cardiac Function in Normal and Infarcted Yucatan Minipigs

(1) Background: The accuracy of the left ventricular volume (LVV) and contractility measurements with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) is decreased if the papillary muscles are abnormally enlarged, such as in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in human patients or in pig models of human diseases. The purpose of this work was to establish the best method of LVV quantification with CMRI in pigs. (2) Methods: The LVV in 29 Yucatan minipig hearts was measured using two different techniques: the “standard method”, which uses smooth contouring along the endocardial surface and adds the papillary volume to the ventricular cavity volume, and the “detailed method”, which traces the papillary muscles and trabeculations and adds them to the ventricular mass. (3) Results: Papillary muscles add 21% to the LV mass in normal and infarcted hearts of Yucatan minipigs. The inclusion or exclusion of these from the CMRI analysis significantly affected the study results. In the normal pig hearts, the biggest differences were found in measurements of the LVV, ejection fraction (EF), LV mass and indices derived from the LV mass (p < 0.001). The EF measurement in the normal pig heart was 11% higher with the detailed method, and 19% higher in the infarcted pig hearts (p < 0.0001). The detailed method of endocardium tracing with CMRI closely represented the LV mass measured ex vivo. (4) Conclusions: The detailed method, which accounts for the large volume of the papillary muscles in the pig heart, provides better accuracy and interobserver consistency in the assessment of LV mass and ejection fraction, and might therefore be preferable for these analyses.

Predictive analysis of user behavior of E-commerce platform based on machine learning image algorithm in internet of things environment

With the development of the Internet, the rise of e-commerce has changed the shopping habits of most people. The research of this article is mainly divided into three parts. The first part is the theoretical foundation and core concept research. The second part of this article is a detailed method of establishing a predictive model based on machine learning image algorithms. In addition to reclassifying features, image algorithms are also used to optimize the model structure. The third part is the experimental results and analysis. After comparing with BP neural network and RBF neural network, through data analysis, the prediction model in this paper greatly improves the prediction accuracy and time, and the overall performance has a breakthrough.

Analytical Method Development and Validation of Stability Indicating assay method of analysis for Dolutegravir/Lamivudine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate tablets using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

A novel, economic, simple, precise and time-efficient reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RPHPLC) method has been established for the simultaneous assay determination of Dolutegravir, Lamivudine and Tenofovir Disoproxil fumarate in tablet formulation. This research paper presents the detailed method development strategy and the outcome of validation challenges. The RPHPLC method was developed using a 150 x 4.6mm, 5µm C18 column, with a gradient mode using 0.1% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid buffer and methanol, the detection was performed at 260nm. The method was validated for specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy, robustness and can be used in quality control during manufacture and for assessment of the stability samples of Dolutegravir/Lamivudine/Tenofovir Disoproxil fumarate tablets. Total elution time was about 5 min and equilibration time of about 2 min which allows analysis of more than 100 samples per day. The method reported in this study is compatible to mass spectrometry and is thus extremely useful for stability studies.

Description of a training protocol to improve research reproducibility for dignity therapy: an interview-based intervention

Background Dignity Therapy (DT) has been implemented over the past 20 years, but a detailed training protocol is not available to facilitate consistency of its implementation. Consistent training positively impacts intervention reproducibility. Objective The objective of this article is to describe a detailed method for DT therapist training. Method Chochinov's DT training seminars included preparatory reading of the DT textbook, in-person training, and practice interview sessions. Building on this training plan, we added feedback on practice and actual interview sessions, a tracking form to guide the process, a written training manual with an annotated model DT transcript, and quarterly support sessions. Using this training method, 18 DT therapists were trained across 6 sites. Results The DT experts’ verbal and written feedback on the practice and actual sessions encouraged the trainees to provide additional attention to eight components: (1) initial framing (i.e., clarifying and organizing of the patient's own goals for creating the legacy document), (2) verifying the patient's understanding of DT, (3) gathering the patient's biographical information, (4) using probing questions, (5) exploring the patient's story thread, (6) refocusing toward the legacy document creation, (7) inviting the patient's expression of meaningful messages, and (8) general DT processes. Evident from the ongoing individual trainee mentoring was achievement and maintenance of adherence to the DT protocol. Discussion The DT training protocol is a process to enable consistency in the training process, across waves of trainees, toward the goal of maintaining DT implementation consistency. This training protocol will enable future DT researchers and clinicians to consistently train therapists across various disciplines and locales. Furthermore, we anticipate that this training protocol could be generalizable as a roadmap for implementers of other life review and palliative care interview-based interventions.

A New Real-Time Detection and Tracking Method in Videos for Small Target Traffic Signs

It is a challenging task for self-driving vehicles in Real-World traffic scenarios to find a trade-off between the real-time performance and the high accuracy of the detection, recognition, and tracking in videos. This issue is addressed in this paper with an improved YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once) and a multi-object tracking algorithm (Deep-Sort). First, data augmentation is employed for small sample traffic signs to address the problem of an extremely unbalanced distribution of different samples in the dataset. Second, a new architecture of YOLOv3 is proposed to make it more suitable for detecting small targets. The detailed method is (1) removing the output feature map corresponding to the 32-times subsampling of the input image in the original YOLOv3 structure to reduce its computational costs and improve its real-time performances; (2) adding an output feature map of 4-times subsampling to improve its detection capability for the small traffic signs; (3) Deep-Sort is integrated into the detection method to improve the precision and robustness of multi-object detection, and the tracking ability in videos. Finally, our method demonstrated better detection capabilities, with respect to state-of-the-art approaches, which precision, recall and mAP is 91%, 90%, and 84.76% respectively.

Investigation on Analysis Method of Environmental Fatigue Correction Factor of Primary Coolant Metal Materials in LWR Water Environment

The environmental fatigue correction factor (Fen) is mainly used to analyze the influence of the coolant environment on the fatigue life of primary metal materials. Because the calculation of the transformed strain rate is related to the stress history of the component structure, how to determine the strain rate is the most critical step in calculating the Fen. The approaches of the detailed method were given by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) guidelines and RCC-M-2017 Edition Section VI- RPP No. 3 separately, so a gap analysis was performed between the two methods. Furthermore, another average method was also proposed to determine the average strain rate and strain range. Based on the analysis benchmark provided in the EPRI guideline, a simple case study was performed to account for the effect on the fatigue life in applications with different strain rate approaches and different Fen expressions. Finally, two industry case studies were also completed, including on materials of low alloy steel, austenitic stainless steel, and nickel-base alloy. We suggest adopting a more accurate detailed method, and its methodology is recommended to provide more reasonable solutions.