High-Precision Kriging Modeling Method Based on Hybrid Sampling Criteria

Finding new valuable sampling points and making these points better distributed in the design space is the key to determining the approximate effect of Kriging. To this end, a high-precision Kriging modeling method based on hybrid sampling criteria (HKM-HS) is proposed to solve this problem. In the HKM-HS method, two infilling sampling strategies based on MSE (Mean Square Error) are optimized to obtain new candidate points. By maximizing MSE (MMSE) of Kriging model, it can generate the first candidate point that is likely to appear in a sparse area. To avoid the ill-conditioned correlation matrix caused by the too close distance between any two sampling points, the MC (MSE and Correlation function) criterion formed by combining the MSE and the correlation function through multiplication and division is minimized to generate the second candidate point. Furthermore, a new screening method is used to select the final expensive evaluation point from the two candidate points. Finally, the test results of sixteen benchmark functions and a house heating case show that the HKM-HS method can effectively enhance the modeling accuracy and stability of Kriging in contrast with other approximate modeling methods.

A Study on the Facility Planning under Natural Disaster

The frequency of and damage caused by natural disasters are continuously increasing due to climate change and urbanization. There is growing interest in countermeasures aimed to relieve the damage caused by such disasters. Emergency logistics for relief supplies is one of the most important countermeasures. This study examines the logistics of the facility planning algorithm. Facility planning focuses on storing and providing relief supplies, as well as accommodating the victims of natural disasters. Although a similar point is noted in general logistics problems, a significant difference is also pointed out that stability must be considered for supporting stable emergency logistics. Therefore, this study evaluates the risk of the route and candidate point by considering the vulnerable site at the disaster scene and suggests the facility planning algorithm based on the genetic algorithm. Finally, the performance of the suggested algorithm is verified by conducting a simulation experiment.

IDEAL KIOSK PLACEMENT IN UP DILIMAN FOR EQUAL PROBABILITY OF CUSTOMER TURNOUT

Kiosks scattered around the UP Diliman campus have always been playing a significant role in shaping the present culture in the university. However, competition is inevitable among owners. Some have even lowered their prices to attract more customers and increase sales and profits. One of the reasons why some kiosks earn more than others is because of the location of the kiosks and their distribution within the campus. In this study, accessibility, walkability and site availability are the main factors that were considered to create an ideal kiosk distribution model. First, road points within an area with 10% slope grade and below were only considered to obtain optimum gradient that requires the least energy. Road points that are within a buffer of 5 meters from waiting sheds and parking lots and 10 meters from buildings were accepted to consider the accessibility of each point. Closest Facility Tool (CFT) under Network Analysis was used to identify road points within 200 meters of each building. These points were considered as good candidate locations for kiosks. CFT was used again to identify buildings within 200 meters from each candidate point. Potential customer count (PCC) per building was reduced when a canteen is within 200 meters. Lastly, the PCC multiplied by the inverse of the distance was used as weight to identify the area that will result in equal demands of customers. Python code was used to iteratively identify the combination of road points that have relatively equal weights. A map showing all 20 current kiosks in their ideal locations and a list of landmarks surrounding each kiosk were produced. Results show that, ideally, five kiosks should be located near Palma Hall, which has the largest population count. Two kiosks should also be placed between the Law Center and Asian Center, between the Institute of Biology and the National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, and near College of Arts and Letters, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IEEE) and College of Human Kinetics (CHK). Finally, only one kiosk each should be placed near buildings such as Melchor Hall, the National Institute of Physics (NIP), the National Institute of Geological Sciences (NIGS), the Institute of Civil Engineering (ICE) and Albert Hall.

Asymmetric Type-Ia supernova origin of W49B as revealed from spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopic study

The origin of the asymmetric supernova remnant (SNR) W49B has been a matter of debate: is it produced by a rare jet-driven core-collapse (CC) supernova, or by a normal supernova that is strongly shaped by its dense environment? Aiming to uncover the explosion mechanism and origin of the asymmetric, centrally filled X-ray morphology of W49B, we have performed spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopy and a search for potential point sources. We report new candidate point sources inside W49B. The Chandra X-ray spectra from W49B are well-characterized by two-temperature gas components (~0.27 keV + 0.6–2.2 keV). The hot component gas shows a large temperature gradient from the northeast to the southwest and is over-ionized in most regions with recombination timescales of 1–10 × 1011 cm−3 s. The Fe element shows strong lateral distribution in the SNR east, while the distribution of Si, S, Ar, Ca is relatively smooth and nearly axially symmetric. Asymmetric Type-Ia explosion of a Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf (WD) well-explains the abundance ratios and metal distribution of W49B, whereas a jet-driven explosion and normal CC models fail to describe the abundance ratios and large masses of iron-group elements. A model based on a multi-spot ignition of the WD can explain the observed high MMn∕MCr value (0.8–2.2). The bar-like morphology is mainly due to a density enhancement in the center, given the good spatial correlation between gas density and X-ray brightness. The recombination ages and the Sedov age consistently suggest a revised SNR age of 5–6 kyr. This study suggests that despite the presence of candidate point sources projected within the boundary of this SNR, W49B is likely a Type-Ia SNR, which suggests that Type-Ia supernovae can also result in mixed-morphology SNRs.

Penerapan Aplikasi Bantu KKOP Bandara Udara Buntukunik di Kabupaten Tana Toraja

<h1 align="center">Abstrak</h1><p><em>Kabupaten Tana Toraja sebagai Kawasan Strategis Nasional diwujudkan berupa Bandara Buntukunik. Uji teknis dilakukan selama tiga bulan mulai Februari 2017 oleh tim Kawasan Keselamatan Operasional Penerbangan (KKOP) Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Udara. Informasi pembangunan ini telah diketahui masyarakat luas. Banyak pertanyaan dari masyarakat di Pusat Kegiatan (PK), Pusat Pelayanan (PP), Lembang berikut hinterland-nya di dalam wilayah KKOP, dan wilayah terkait lainnya. Reconnaissance Investigation (RI) menghasilkan Tabel Ibukota. Diperhatikan KKOP dalam wilayah Kabupaten Tana Toraja saja, selanjutnya RI menggunakan aplikasi aplikasi bantu geometri. Hasilnya menambah atribut Zona Ketinggian Bangunan (zKTB) dan Candidate Point ke (cPT_n) pada Tabel Ibukota, berikut Peta Urban, Rural &amp; Conservation Area (URCA) dan Zona Ketinggian Bangunan URCA. Diharapkan hasil ini bisa menjadi salah satu tinjauan untuk Rencana Tata Bangunan dan Lingkungan (RTBL). Dan setelah kesempatan penelitian saat ini RI dilanjutkan bertahap untuk memenuhi kelengkapan data dan informasi. Agar bisa dilakukan kajian interaksi dan interdependensi sosialsistem dan ekosistem wilayah terkait adanya Banda Buntukunik. Hasil kajian ini berupa pengetahuan yang dikelola pengolahan dan publikasinya dengan aplikasi webgis.</em></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>Tana Toraja Regency as a National Strategic Area is manifested as Buntukunik Airport. The technical test is conducted for three months starting February 2017 by the team of the Airline Operational Safety Area (KKOP) of the Directorate General of Civil Aviation. This development information is widely known to the public. Many questions from the community in the Activity Center (PK), Service Center (PP), Lembang and the hinterland within the KKOP area, and other related areas. Reconnaissance Investigation (RI) produced the Capital Table. KKOP is observed in the Tana Toraja Regency region only, then RI uses the geometry auxiliary application application. The results add the Building Height Zone (zKTB) attribute and the Candidate Point to (cPT_n) on the Capital Table, following the Urban, Rural &amp; Conservation Area (URCA) Map and URCA Building Height Zone. This result is expected to be one of the reviews for the Building and Environmental Management Plan (RTBL). And after the current research opportunity, the Republic of Indonesia continued to gradually complete the data and information. In order to study the interaction and social interdependence of regional systems and ecosystems related to the existence of Banda Buntukunik. The results of this study are in the form of managed knowledge processing and publication with the webgis application.</em></p>

A NOVEL AND FAST CORNER DETECTION METHOD FOR SAR IMAGERY

Corners play an important role on image processing, while it is difficult to detect reliable and repeatable corners in SAR images due to the complex property of SAR sensors. In this paper, we propose a fast and novel corner detection method for SAR imagery. First, a local processing window is constructed for each point. We use the local mean of a 3 x 3 mask to represent a single point, which is weighted by a Gaussian template. Then the candidate point is compared with 16 surrounding points in the processing window. Considering the multiplicative property of speckle noise, the similarity measure between the center point and the surrounding points is calculated by the ratio of their local means. If there exist more than M continuous points are different from the center point, then the candidate point is labelled as a corner point. Finally, a selection strategy is implemented by ranking the corner score and employing the non-maxima suppression method. Extreme situations such as isolated bright points are also removed. Experimental results on both simulated and real-world SAR images show that the proposed detector has a high repeatability and a low localization error, compared with other state-of-the-art detectors.

Evaluation of Roundness Error Based on the Position of the Centers

This paper presents a simple algorithm for determining the minimum circumscribed circle which can select the control points accurately and efficiently from the entire data set. The first candidate point is selected based on the least square center, and then the second and third candidate points are determined based on the position of the centers. The control points for the minimum circumscribed circle were determined with the three candidate points easily, Extensive examples have been carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.