7. Death

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Ian Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Eternal Life ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Religious Cult ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Attitudes To Death

‘Death’ describes ancient Egyptian attitudes to death and the cult of Osiris, looking at the tomb of King Djer at Abydos. The tomb has been regarded as the ultimate, quintessential royal funerary memorial: the mythical burial place of the god Osiris, whose entire religious cult was intimately connected with the concept of the dead king. The combination of Osiris's associations with fertility and death almost inevitably ensured that he became the ultimate god of resurrection. Thus, it became essential for the mummified body to be associated with Osiris in order to gain eternal life. Of course Egyptian mummification and Egyptian funerary beliefs are important areas of study within the broader subject of ‘death’.

The Cult of the Dead, Fetishism, and the Genesis of an Idea: Megalithic Monuments and the Tree and Pillar Cult of Arthur J. Evans

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 210-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Harlan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Evolutionary Context ◽  
Religious Cult ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Dead

Arthur Evans is most noted for his work in Crete, particularly the excavation of the Palace of Knossos, which he began in the year 1900. As a consequence, Arthur Evans' earlier archaeology is often overlooked. This paper focuses on a series of lectures, largely unpublished, on the development of megalithic monuments and the religious cult they embodied, delivered by Evans in 1885. Evans' ideas of cult were embedded in contemporary late nineteenth century anthropological concepts set within an evolutionary context. This paper shows that these underlying ideas were also evident in Evans' later writings on the Aegean: notably, the famous article on the Tree and Pillar Cult that formed the basis of his concept of Minoan religion. By contextualizing Evans' early work, we gain a fuller understanding of why he prioritized certain information in constructing his concept of a Minoan civilization.

Divine Love in Classical Judaism

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-144
Author(s):  
Jacob Neusner
Keyword(s):  
Character Traits ◽  
Eternal Life ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Divine Love ◽  
Human Emotion ◽  
Measure For Measure ◽  
Resurrection Of The Dead ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Human Kind

Classical Judaism depicts God in human terms. The human emotion of love is therefore imputed to God. Classical Judaism sees God and man as consubstantial, sharing in particular the same emotional traits. God has three major character traits, power, love, and justice. Power pertains to God’s creation, control of history, and imposition of morality on human kind. Love invokes the imagery of family. Justice means God metes out measure for measure. What happens to human beings responds to the actions of the person who is subject to judgment, and fairness governs. All relationships come to their final resolution in the resurrection of the dead and the judgment of humanity for eternal life or eternal death.

The Dimension of Depth: Thomas F. Torrance on the Sacraments of Baptism and the Lord's Supper

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Hunsinger
Keyword(s):  
Lord's Supper ◽  
The Other ◽  
John Calvin ◽  
Eternal Life ◽  
In Christ ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The One ◽  
Living Person ◽  
The Church

‘All the gifts of God set forth in baptism,’ wrote John Calvin, ‘are found in Christ alone’ (Inst. IV.15.6). The baptismal gifts, for Calvin, were essentially three: forgiveness of sins, dying and rising with Christ, and communion with Christ himself (FV.15.1, 5, 6). They were ordered, however, in a particular way. Communion with Christ, Calvin considered, was in effect the one inestimable gift that included within itself the other two benefits of forgiveness and rising with Christ from the dead. Forgiveness and eternal life were thus inseparable from Christ's person and so from participatio Christi through our communion with him. Only by participating in Christ through communion could the divine gifts set forth in baptism be truly received. Any severing of these gifts from Christ himself would result only in empty abstractions. No spiritual gift—neither forgiveness nor eternal life nor any other divine benefit—was ever to be found alongside Christ or apart from him. Christ's saving benefits were inherent in his living person. Only in and with his person were they set forth and available to the church. Communion with Christ was thus bound up with Christ's person in his saving uniqueness. He himself and he alone, for Calvin and for the whole Reformation, was our wisdom, righteousness, sanctification and redemption (1 Cor. 1:30).

scholarly journals LIFE LIVED IN LOVE: KONSEP JÜRGEN MOLTMANN MENGENAI ESKATOLOGI PRIBADI | LIFE LIVED IN LOVE: JÜRGEN MOLTMANN’S CONCEPT ON PERSONAL ESCHATOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Jessica Novia Layantara
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate State ◽  
Eternal Life ◽  
Christian Life ◽  
Life After Death ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
Resurrection Of The Dead ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Personal Eschatology

<b>Abstract</b> This article will focus on describing Moltmann’s view of personal eschatology, which includes his view on death, the intermediate state, the resurrection of the dead, and eternal life. The main thesis of this article is that Moltmann’s view of personal eschatology is more relevant and applicable to the Christian life here and now. At the end of this article, the author will give two applications of Moltmann’s doctrine of personal eschatology. First, Moltmann’s view of personal eschatology motivates Christians, that they must live their lives in love, hope, and faith, for they already have been resurrected and given eternal life, here and now. Secondly, Moltmann’s focus on the new earth and new heaven in this world, more than life after death and the traditional concepts of heaven and hell, should make Christians care about this world and the life in it. <b>Keywords:</b> Jürgen Moltmann, Personal Eschatology, Death, Intermediate State, Resurrection of the Dead, Eternal Life. <b>Abstrak</b> Artikel ini terfokus pada deskripsi pandangan Moltmann tentang eskatologi pribadi, yaitu mengenai kematian, keadaan peralihan, kebangkitan orang mati, dan kehidupan kekal. Tesis utama artikel ini ialah pandangan Moltmann tentang eskatologi pribadi yang lebih relevan dan berlaku untuk kehidupan Kristen di sini dan saat ini. Pada akhir artikel ini, penulis memberikan dua aplikasi dari doktrin Moltmann tentang eskatologi pribadi, yaitu: Pertama, pandangan Moltmann tentang eskatologi pribadi memotivasi orang Kristen supaya menjalani hidup mereka dalam cinta, harapan, dan iman, karena mereka sudah dibangkitkan dan diberikan jaminan kehidupan kekal. Kedua, pandangan Moltmann mengenai bumi dan surga baru di dunia ini yang lebih dari kehidupan setelah kematian dan konsep-konsep tradisional tentang surga dan neraka, membuat orang Kristen peduli terhadap dunia dan kehidupan di dalamnya. <b>Kata kunci:</b> Jürgen Moltmann, Eskatologi Pribadi, Kematian, Kebangkitan Orang Mati, Kehidupan Kekal

scholarly journals Sens życia w ocenie Ojców Apostolskich

Vox Patrum ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Bogdan Czyżewski
Keyword(s):  
Eternal Life ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Apostolic Fathers

The issue connected with sense of life appears in the works of the Apostolic Fathers not only as a main subject, but also not occasionally. They used the motif of two roads to show the sense of behavior on the earth, according to the God’s commandments and his will. They do not condemn the earthly world but deeds, which lead people to death. Even in the face of his close martyrdom, they saw a clear aim: life on the earth is important, because it leads to God. The Apostolic Fathers tell also the truth connected with eternal life and hope to be used from the dead, which will take place after death. The sense of our life is – it leads a man to the resurrection.

Cursive Hieroglyphs in the Book of the Dead

2020 ◽  
pp. 577-589
Author(s):  
Rita Lucarelli
Keyword(s):  
Middle Kingdom ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Book Of The Dead

The script characterizing most scrolls of the ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead is called by scholars Totenbuch-Kursive or “Book of the Dead cursive” and it is characterized by an accentuated level of cursiveness in comparison to monumental hieroglyphs. This script also presents similarities with hieratic, as the latter can be seen as a cursive variant of monumental hieroglyphs. The Book of the Dead cursive occurs on a number of sources, the most popular of which are papyri and linen; however, when tomb walls and coffins are decorated with spells of funerary magic, the latter are written in cursive forms as well. In general, it seems that the Totenbuch-Kursive was employed also for non-Book of the Dead sources, mainly for texts of religious, magical, medico-magical, and ritual texts from the Middle Kingdom on; in that sense, we are dealing with a linear script that is not specific of the Book of the Dead genre of texts only.

Analytical approach to the conservation of the ancient Egyptian manuscript “Bakai Book of the Dead”: a case study

2007 ◽  
Vol 159 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Wagner ◽  
Mateusz L. Donten ◽  
Mikołaj Donten ◽  
Ewa Bulska ◽  
Agnieszka Jackowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Book Of The Dead
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