FEMINISME SEBAGAI KRITIK KAPITALISME: MEMPERKENALKAN TEORI KRITIS NANCY FRASER

<em>This article is an overview of the intellectual and historical background of Nancy Fraser's thought. Intellectually, Fraser is a socialist feminist and critical theorist of the Frankfurt school who sought to reconnect gender analysis and the critique of capitalism. According to Fraser, the shift from state-managed-capitalism to neoliberal capitalism is the historical context that separates gender analysis and capitalism criticism in such a way that feminism is trapped as a handmaiden of neoliberalism. Based on an examination of Fraser's works and related literature, this article shows the problems of feminism in the neoliberal era and Fraser's critical theory offers to reclaim it.</em><br /><br /><strong>Key words:</strong> socialist feminism, critical theory, the Frankfurt School, gender, capitalism.

KONTRASEPSI VASEKTOMI PRIA: PERSPEKTIF TEOLOGI ETIKA TERAPAN

<em>The Covid-19 pandemic that began in early 2020 has had serious impacts on various aspects of life globally, nationally and locally, including family planning program services in Indonesia. BKKBN, for example, carries out various policies to increase participation in family planning programs to maintain community welfare by anticipating the baby boom during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the results of the survey conducted, the interest of men to participate in becoming MOP contraceptive acceptors began to increase. This is certainly a progress where the awareness of men to participate in family planning programs is increasing. The increase in participants occurred because of ‘correct’ knowledge about family planning programs. Before the Covid-19 pandemic, many men and their families did not have adequate knowledge about vasectomy as a method of contraception. Consequently, this caused limited accessibility to contraceptive services and acceptance among men. The main objective of this paper is therefore to provide complete and clear information to men regarding the benefits, impacts and perspectives of applied ethical theology on the use of the vasectomy method of contraception. Methodologically, this study uses a qualitative method by collecting several journals and books related to the formulation of the problem and looking for possible equations to answer this research problem. The expected results are therefore a wider recognition of the important role of health workers, culture, and experienced family planning cadres, as well as a provision of knowledge and direction in socializing the vasectomy method, including understanding the theologically ethical perspectives of vasectomy as a method of contraception.</em> <br /> <br /><strong>Key words:</strong> Covid-19, Ethical Theological Perspectives, Family Planning Program, Men, Vasectomy.

HANS KÜNG DAN JOSEPH RATZINGER – DUA PANDANGAN TENTANG YESUS KRISTUS

<p><em>Hans Küng and Joseph Ratzinger are two well-known figures whose biography runs parallel to the end of the Second Vatican Council, but since the 1970s they have been sharply separated and since then they have developed into representatives of the two currents of development in the Catholic Church after the Second Vatican Council.</em><em> </em><em>In this article the author describes the characteristics of their respective views on Jesus Christ.</em><em> </em><em>Hans Küng's views are described according to the concise description in the book “20 Thesen zum Christsein” and his views are summarized under the title Jesus of Nazareth – an exemplary Man.</em><em> </em><em>Meanwhile, Joseph Ratzinger's view is taken from his book Jesus of Nazareth, which was published after Ratzinger became Pope Benedict XVI and is summarized under the title Jesus Christ – the Son of God.</em><em> </em><em>After describing the two positions, the writer gives a brief response to the two views. </em></p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Hans Küng, Joseph Ratzinger, christology, historical Jesus, critical historical method.<strong><em></em></strong></p>

FUNDAMENTALISME RADIKAL DALAM PEMIKIRAN DAN GERAKAN POLITIK KEAGAMAAN DI INDONESIA: STUDI KASUS PEMBUBARAN HIZBUT TAHRIR INDONESIA (HTI)

<em>This article describes on radical fundamentalism group named Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). Fundamentalism is a concept, an idea that lives in political thought and religious political movement which is recognized blooming out in Indonesia as a side product of reformation era in 1998. Because of its ideology was consider as an opposite to Indonesian ideology and law, HTI then disbandment by Indonesian government. This article is a library research that uses a descriptive qualitative method. There are three Research results i.e., firstly, radical fundamentalism is a thought and a religious-political movement of a group that strictly carries out religious teachings. And these concepts exist in all religions. Secondly, although activities and political movements of HTI were stopped by government, its concept and movement are still running by many other religious group. And thirdly, the thought and political movement of HTI and other religious fundamentalist groups needs to be criticized to add insight into ideology.</em><br /><br /><strong>Key words:</strong> Radical Fundamentalism, Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia, Religious Thought and Political Movement.<br /><br />

PELECEHAN SEKSUAL, KEWAJIBAN MELAPOR DAN RESPONS ORDINARIS: TELAAH KRITIS “VOS ESTIS LUX MUNDI” DAN “VADEMECUM”

<em>This article aims to examine the question of sexual abuse of minors and vulnerable adults by clerics and members of the Institute for Consecrated Life and the Society for Apostolic Life in the light of motu proprioVos Estis Lux Mundi and Vademecum. It starts with a brief description of sexual abuse, the mandatory report and then the response of the Ordinary. It shows that sexual abuse is a grave delict, and clerics or religious who have knowledge of information are obliged to report it to the Ordinary while maintaining the seal of confession, and the Ordinary has the grave obligation to take any reports seriously, promptly and decisively, taking into consideration that the procedural norms should be carefully observed. By using the analytical and critical method, the author argues that it is of the highest importance for the Ordinary to establish a system for receiving reports as well as preparing competent personnel in order to handle the case in a thorough and expeditious manner.</em> <br /><br /><strong>Key words:</strong> sexual abuse, minors, vulnerable adults, mandatory report, Ordinary

MASALAH PEMAHAMAN COVID-19 DAN TUGAS FILSAFAT

<em>Public understanding of Covid 19 is often seen as a source of problems in pandemic time. This article presents a discussion that the logic of understanding is different from the logic of explanation. If in scientific explanation, law and scientific theory are regarded as the premises, all human understanding departs from the historical experience of the world which belongs to the community. In a phenomenological perspective, human understanding is rational because it is oriented toward convergence without coincidence, unification without equivalence, commonality without identity, and cooperation without uniformity. The Study of the musical experiences of East Nusa Tenggara shows that the people of East Nusa Tenggara have a transverse rationality, in a sense that is convergent with the health protocol, although is based on the mythical cosmology. Based on this kind of logos, any effort in solving Covid 19's problem as a point of convergence needs interpretation of local community different understanding.</em><br /><br /><strong>Key words:</strong> Covid 19, Edmund Husserl, Phenomenology, rationality, transversality.

MENYIBAK LUKA KEMANUSIAAN DALAM KETIDAKLAYAKAN LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN (LAPAS)

<em>In this study, the author focuses on the reality of the improperness of prison as something that does not suit the values of Pancasila, especially the one which talks about 'just and civilized humanity'. The author would like to explore the motives and causes why the government does not guarantee welfare for the prisoners. This research uses a qualitative approach, with a literature study as a data collection method. The author tries to see the reality of humanity and the motives that underlie the guidance of prisoners through the point of view of phenomenological philosophy. This study concludes that the Indonesian government has not been able to ensure human values for the prisoners. Improperness of the prison such as the overload of occupants is a sign that the perspective of understanding prisons and inmates is still deviant. Prison is not seen as a place of transformation but as a place of punishment, just like the old understanding of prison. The Indonesian people seem to have not been able to regard prisoners as people with dignity. </em><br /><br /><strong>Key words:</strong> Humanity, Injustice, Prisoners, Prisons, Pancasila.

SUMBANGAN ETIS MODEL BISNIS EKONOMI SIRKULAR TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN YANG BERKELANJUTAN: EKSPLORASI KUALITATIF SISTEMATIK

<p><em>This study investigated the relationship between the circular economy amid the Covid-19 pandemic and Christian ethics using the latest literature in management, business ethics, and Christian ethics. Recently, many studies have been conducted on the circular economy, which is seen to be an alternate form of economic activity that benefits the underprivileged and the natural environment. However, it appears that the ethical implications of this circular economy have gotten limited attention. Christian ethics, especially the Catholic Social Teachings, provides a source of inspiration for the sustainable development of economic thought. The data analysis method used in this study was bibliometric analytical procedures, which involved collecting articles from Scopus, Google Scholar, and CrossRef databases. VOSviewer software was used to map keywords from these papers in order to identify research gaps in the region to be investigated. In addition, a qualitative analysis of the selected papers using the Atlas.ti program version 9 highlights the quantitative findings and delves deeper into the research themes. This research indicated that discussions about the circular economy are still mostly unrelated to aspects of ethics, morality, and religiosity, implying that more research is needed to go deeper into those areas.</em></p><p><strong>Key words:</strong> Catholic Social Teaching, bibliometric, circular economy, Christian ethics, Covid-19.</p>

Reading Texts on The Violence of God in The Bible

<p><em>Violent texts in the bible</em><em> both in the Old Testament or in the New Testament</em><em>, especially in the Old Testament, arise a problem</em><em> for a potential reader</em><em> on how to read </em><em>and understand their message and the theology of the author of the Book.</em><em> </em><em>For this reason, b</em><em>iblical scholars try to read it and they propose the way to read such texts</em><em>, such as to read them in the historical context of the Book itself, and interpret them as a reflection of the author and their experience</em><em>. This article tries to propose another way to read violent texts, in particularly that involve God as author of violent deeds. The methode of this discussion is exegetical analysis on the texts of the Old Testament</em><em>, especially on those which narrate the violent deeds of God </em><em>. The result of the study is the violent deeds of God aim to recreate the creation; that is why such violent texts might be read in the frame of the new creation.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words</em></strong><em>: </em>Alkitab, Keluaran, Kekerasan, Allah, Penciptaan (Baru)</p>

Teologi Bisnis: Korporasi, Masalah HAM dan Mandat Penciptaan-Penyelamatan

<p><em>This article aims at framing a theological understanding about business in the context of the impacts of corporate conducts on human rights. The relevance of this theological understanding arises from the need to bring a true liberation (salvation) in a contradictory reality: human suffering due to human rights violation in business activities on the one hand and ineffectiveness of legal and moral instruments, as well as weak individual and collective commitments of government and business actors in dealing with that problem on the other hand. Using “creation, fall and redemption” approach as basis for biblical worldview to understand issues related to business and its social impacts, this article highlights the necessity of internal factors as foundational values that can bring about a true commitment to do business not only based on legal and moral norms as a mere socio-political consensus, but also as an expression of a socio-spiritual obedience to and faith in God. Because, more than just accumulating commercial benefits, business has mission to realize God’s work for human salvation in this world. Business actors as individuals and organization (corporation) become God’s collaborators – mainly in their nature as bearer of the Image of God and mandate of creation - to materialize the works of salvation in this world through their activities in the production and distribution of goods and services that respect human rights.</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong>: teologi bisnis, korporasi, hak asasi manusia, gambaran Allah, mandat penciptaan, penebusan, kapitalisme liberal</p>