scholarly journals Control of the Black Turfgrass Ataenius on a Golf Course Fairway in Ashland County, Oh, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-323
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. G. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The study was located on a golf course fairway at Jeromesville. Insecticides were applied 16 Jun to plots 8 × 10 ft arranged in a RCB, replicated 4 times. Granular insecticides were applied using a drop spreader and liquids using a CO2 sprayer with Teejet XR8006VS nozzles at 35 psi pressure that delivered a volume of 1 gal/1000 ft2. The experimental area was irrigated approximately V* inch after all treatments were applied but before sprays had dried on the grass blades. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were as follows. BTA: eggs and 1st instars present, no pretreatment count. Turf: level, light dew, IVs inch height, 40% perennial ryegrass, 30% Kentucky bluegrass, 30% annual bluegrass. Thatch: dense, moist, % inch. Soil: moist, 66°F at 1 inch and 67°F at 3 inch. Weather: sunny, 65°F, 0-5 mph. Water: pH 6.5. Efficacy data taken 6 Jul (20 DAT) were based on the number of live BTA larvae and pupae in 6, 4Vt inch in diam samples from each plot. No phytotoxicity was observed.

scholarly journals Control of the Black Turfgrass Ataenius Larvae on a Golf Course Fairway 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-274
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. G. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Granular Materials ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The study was located on golf course fairway at Seville. Insecticides were applied 23 Jul to plots 10 × 10 ft (3.1 × 3.1 m) arranged in a RCB, replicated 4 times. Granular materials were applied using a drop spreader and shaker jar. Liquid treatments were applied with a CO2 sprayer with Teejet XR8008VS nozzles at 35 psi (2.46 kg/cm2) pressure that delivered a volume of 1 gal/1000 ft2 (407 liter/ha) and pythrethriods with a CO2 sprayer with Teejet 8010 nozzles at 35 psi (2.46 kg/cm2) pressure that delivered a volume of 2 gal/1000 ft2 (814 liter/ha). The experimental area was irrigated approximately V* inch (6 mm) of water using the golf course system. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were as follows. BTA: eggs, 1st and 2nd instars present, 60 larvae/ ft2. Turf: level, dry, 5A inch (16 mm) height, 70% bentgrass and 30% annual bluegrass. Thatch: dense, moist, % inch (2 cm). Soil, moist, 74°F at 1 inch (2.5 cm) and 72°F at 3 inch (7.6 cm). Weather: sunny, 81°F, 0 mph. Water: pH 4.6. Efficacy data taken 7 Jul (14 DAT) were based on the number of live larvae in six samples 4% inch (10.8 cm) in diam from each plot.

scholarly journals Control of Billbug Larvae and a Subsequent White Grub Population on a Lawn Area in Wayne County, Ohio, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-324
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. G. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Technical Institute ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Wayne County ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The study was located lawns of the Agricultural Technical Institute at Wooster, Ohio. Insecticides were applied 15 Jun to plots 10 x 10 ft arranged in a randomized complete block, replicated 4 times. Granular insecticides were applied using a drop spreader and liquids using a CO2 sprayer with Teejet 8010LP nozzles at 30 psi that delivered a volume of 3 gal/1000 ft2. The experimental area received no posttreatment irrigation. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were as follows. Billbugs: early instars present, no pretreatment count. Turf: 3° slope, dry, 3 in height, 50% Kentucky bluegrass, 50% perennial ryegrass. Thatch: moist, Vi inch, dense. Soil: moist, 68°F at 1 inch and 55°F at 3 inches. Weather: sunny, 73°F, 5-8 mph. Water: pH 4.9. Billbug efficacy data taken from each plot 9 Jul (28 DAT) were based on the number of live billbug larvae and pupae in 6, AVi inches in diam samples from each plot. Efficacy data for control of a subsequent JB and NMC larval population (appx 70% JB: 30% NMC) taken 5 & 7 Oct was based on the number of live grubs in 6, 7 × 7 in samples from each plot.

Control of Japanese Beetle Larvae on a Golf Course Fairway in Medina County, Ohio, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-302
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. G. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Light Rain ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The study was located on a golf course fairway at Seville, Ohio. Insecticides were applied 1 Sep to plots 8 × 10 ft (2.4 × 3.1 m) arranged in a randomized complete block, replicated 4 times. Liquids were applied using a CO2 sprayer with Teejet XR8006VS nozzles at 35 psi (2.46 kg/cm2) pressure that delivered a volume of 1 gal/1000 ft2 (407 liter/ha). The experimental area was irrigated approximately V> in (6 mm) after all treatments were applied but before sprays had dried on the grass blades. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were as follows. JB: ca. 215/m2, 60% 2nd and 40% 3rd instars. Turf: slight slope <5° dew, 1 in (2.5 cm) height, 65% Bentgrass, 30% annual bluegrass, 5% other grasses. Thatch: dense, moist, 5/s in (1.6 cm) Soil: moist, 73°F at 1 in (2.5 cm) and 72°F at 3 in (7.6 cm). Weather: cloudy and light rain, 74°F, 0 mph. Water: pH 5.1. Efficacy data taken 5 Oct (35 DAT) were based on the number of live JB larvae in six 7 × 7 in (17.8 × 17.8 cm) square samples from each plot.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Chemical and Biological Insecticides for Control of Overwintered Japanese Beetle and Northern Masked Chafer Larvae on a Golf Course Rough in Summit County, Ohio, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-323
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Plot Analysis

Abstract The study was located on a golf course rough at Valley View Golf Course in Akron, Ohio. Insecticides were applied 3 May to plots 5 X 10 ft (1.5 X 3.1 m) arranged in a RCB, replicated 3 times. Liquid treatments were applied with a CO2 sprayer and TeeJet™ XR8010VS nozzles at 30 psi (2.19 kg/cm2) pressure that delivered a volume of 3.1 gal/1000 ft2 (1262 liter/ha). The granular treatment was applied with a drop spreader. After all treatments were applied, the area was irrigated with approximately ½inch (13 mm) of water using the golf course system. Environmental conditions at the time of treatment were as follows: White grubs: approximately 15/ft2, 60% NMC 3rd instars, 40% JB 3rd instars; Turf: level, dry, 1.0-2.0 inch (2.5-5.0 cm) ht, 50% bentgrass, 30% annual bluegrass, and 20% Kentucky Bluegrass, no thatch; Soil: moist, 50°F at 1 inch (2.5 cm) and 3 inch (7.6 cm); Weather: sunny, 47°F, no wind. Efficacy data taken 30 May (28 DAT) were based on the number of live larvae in four samples 7X7 inch (17.8 X 17.8 cm) from each plot. Analysis of variance was done on plot totals transformed to log (X+l) and means separated by LSD test at P = 0.05.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Insecticides Applied After Egg Hatch for Control of Japanese Beetle Larvae on a Golf Course Fairway in Richland County, Ohio, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-350
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Granular Materials ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Plot Analysis

Abstract The study was located on a golf course fairway at Twin Lakes Golf in Mansfield, Ohio. Insecticides were applied 14 Aug to plots 10 X 10 ft (3.1 X 3.1 m) arranged in a RCB replicated 4 times. Granular materials were applied with a shaker jar. Liquid treatments were applied using a CO2 sprayer and Teejer™ XR8006VS nozzles at 25 psi (1.76 kg/cm2) pressure that delivered a volume of 1 gal/1000 ft2 (407 liter/ha). The area received approximately Vi ½ inch (13 mm) posttreatment irrigation with the golf course irrigation system after the sprays had dried on the grass blades. Environmental conditions at treatment date were as follows: Japanese beetles: first instar larvae present; Turf: mostly level, dry, 1 l¼ inch (3.2 cm) ht, 50% Kentucky bluegrass, 50% annual bluegrass, no thatch; Soil: moist, 72°F at 1 inch (2.5 cm) and 76°F at 3 inch (7.6 cm); Weather: sunny, 78°F, 0-5 mph (0-8 kph) wind. Efficacy data taken 26 Sep (43 DAT) were based on the number of live larvae in six samples 7X7 inch (17.8 X 17.8 cm) from each plot. Analysis of variance was done on the log (X+l) of plot totals and means separated by LSD test at P = 0.05.

scholarly journals Midsummer Management of Japanese Beetle Grubs with Merit 75WSP on a Golf Course Fairway in Lewistown, Pa, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-281
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The fairway consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (40%), Kentucky bluegrass (40%), and perennial ryegrass (20%). Treatment plots were 9 × 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design, replicated 3 times. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 5 gal/1000 ft2. At treatment time (26 Jul) the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 72°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 76CF; soil temperature at 2 inch, 74°F; RH, 85%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.50 inches; soil type, loam; soil particle size analysis: 31.1% sand, 46.4% silt, 22.5% clay; organic matter, 6.7%; soil moisture (oven baked) 23.1%; water pH, 6-7; soil pH, 4.4; and partly cloudy skies. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inches of water. Posttreatment counts were made 42 DAT (6 Sep). Three ft2 sod samples were randomly taken from each replicate, and the total number of Japanese beetle grubs ft2 was recorded.

scholarly journals Annual White Grub Control on a Golf Course Fairway Using Subsurface and Conventional Application Methods, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-287
Author(s):  
F. P. Baxendale ◽  
A. P. Weinhold ◽  
K. Von Bargen ◽  
R. D. Grisso
Keyword(s):  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract This study was conducted in Lincoln, NE on a golf course fairway. The turf (100% Kentucky bluegrass) was maintained at a mowing height of 5/s inches. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.5 to 0.75 inches. Field conditions at the study site were: soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 3-5%; soil pH, 6.7; water pH, 7.0. Soil moisture was maintained at approximately 17% by weight, throughout the study. Plots were 40 inches × 15 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 3 replications. Insecticide treatments were applied on 23 Aug 1994 using either a Cushman prototype subsurface applicator designed to place insecticide granular treatments at the soil-thatch interface (avg depth 0.75 inches), or a Gandy 24H12 drop spreader. Following applications, plots were irrigated with 0.5 inches of water. Posttreatment precipitation totaled 0.42 inches. Treatments were evaluated 21 DAT on 13 Sep by removing from each plot three, 8-inch diam turf-soil cores (1.05 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs. Pretreatment counts indicated 10-40 SMC/ft2 with 80-90% in the third instar stage in the test area.

scholarly journals Influence of Post-Application Irrigation on Control of Annual White Grubs on a Golf Course Fair-Way, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-355
Author(s):  
F.P. Baxendale ◽  
A.P. Weinhold ◽  
K.A. Weinhold
Keyword(s):  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract This study was conducted in Lincoln, NE on a golf course fairway. The turf (20% Kentucky bluegrass and 80% perennial rye) was maintained at a mowing height of 11/16 inch. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.375 to 0.50 inch. Field conditions at the study site were: soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 4%; soil pH, 6.2; water pH, 7.0. Environmental conditions at the time of application were as follows: soil moisture 12% by wt.; air temperature 72°F; soil temperature 72°F; relative humidity 43%; wind direction and velocity 6° at 7 mph. Plots were 6 X 10 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 3 replications. Insecticides were applied once on 9 Jul and twice on 11 Jul. Liquids were applied using a CO2 sprayer with a TeeJet® 8002 nozzle at 30 psi and delivering 2 gal/1000 square feet. A pre-calibrated Gandy 24H12 drop spreader was used to apply granular insecticides. Post-application irrigations were applied as follows: 09 Jul application, none; 11 Jul, first application, 0.35 inch; 11 Jul, second application with syringe, approximately 0.125 inch. Normal irrigation was resumed after 48 h. Precipitation between application and evaluation totaled 11.3 inches. Treatments were evaluated 57 DAT on 4 SEP by removing from each plot three, 8-inch diam turf-soil cores (1.05 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs. Insecticides were applied prior to the onset of masked chafer oviposition.

scholarly journals Use of Prodiamine as a Preemergence Herbicide to Control Annual Bluegrass in Kentucky Bluegrass

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131c-132
Author(s):  
Peter H. Dernoeden
Keyword(s):  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Germination Period ◽  
Mature Stand ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides

Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) is an intractable weed problem on golf courses. Much has been written about annual bluegrass, but there is little documentation of regional germination period(s) and the proper timing of preemergence herbicides targeted for the control of the annual biotype (P. annua ssp. annua [L.] Timm. = AB). The objectives of this field study were to determine the optimum prodiamine rate and timing for effective AB control. The turf was a mature stand of `Kenblue' Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) maintained under conditions similar to those imposed for golf course roughs. Three rates of prodiamine (0.36, 0.73, and 1.1 kg·ha-1) were applied on three dates in 1995 (11 Aug., 14 Sept., and 13 Oct.) and 1996 (29 Aug., 16 and 30 Sept.). All rates applied 11 Aug. or 14 Sept. 1995, and 29 Aug. or 16 Sept. 1996 effectively controlled AB. None of the rates applied 13 Oct. 1995 reduced AB cover, and the 0.36 kg·ha-1 rate applied 30 Sept. 1996 provided relatively poor AB control. Data and observations indicated that the major germination period for AB was between late September and early December. Effective AB control was achieved whenever prodiamine, regardless of rate, was applied between mid-August and mid-September. These prodiamine rates and this application window may be effective only in relatively high cut turf (i.e., >5.0 cm) in the mid-Atlantic region. Chemical names used: O,O-bis(1-methylethyl) S-{2-[(phenylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl} phosphorodithioate (bensulide); N3,N3-di-n-propyl-2,4-dinitro-6-(trifluoromethyl)-m-phenylenediamine (prodiamine).

scholarly journals Cool-season Turfgrass Response to Bispyribac-Sodium

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1552-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren W. Lycan ◽  
Stephen E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Fine Fescue

Previous research has demonstrated that bispyribac-sodium can selectively control established annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). Annual bluegrass is also a problematic weed in other cool-season turfgrass species. However, the relative tolerance of other cool-season turfgrass species to bispyribac is not known. Field experiments were conducted at Adelphia, N.J., in 2002 and 2003 to gain understanding of the phytotoxic effects that bispyribac may have on kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea (L.) Schreb.), and chewings fine fescue (Festuca rubra L. subsp. commutata Gaud.). Single applications of bispyribac at 37 to 296 g·ha–1 were applied to mature stands of each species on 11 June, 2002 and 10 June, 2003. Visual injury was evaluated and clippings were collected 35 and 70 days after treatment (DAT). Visual injury at 35 DAT increased as bispyribac rate increased. Kentucky bluegrass was least tolerant to bispyribac with up to 28% injury when applied at 296 g·ha–1. Injury on other species did not exceed 20%. Initial injury on perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and chewings fine fescue was primarily in the form of chlorosis, while kentucky bluegrass exhibited more severe stunting and thinning symptoms. Bispyribac at rates from 74 to 296 g·ha–1 reduced kentucky bluegrass clipping weights by 19% to 35%, respectively, as compared to the untreated control at 35 DAT in 2002. Initial visual injury on perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and chewings fine fescue dissipated to ≤5% by 70 DAT. However, recovery of kentucky bluegrass was less complete. These studies suggest that bispyribac-sodium has potential to severely injure kentucky bluegrass. Injury on perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and chewings fine fescue appears to be less severe and persistent; therefore, bispyribac can be used for weed control in these species. Chemical names used: 2,6-bis[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]benzoic acid (bispyribac-sodium).

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