scholarly journals Control of the Black Turfgrass Ataenius Larvae on a Golf Course Fairway 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-274
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. G. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Granular Materials ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The study was located on golf course fairway at Seville. Insecticides were applied 23 Jul to plots 10 × 10 ft (3.1 × 3.1 m) arranged in a RCB, replicated 4 times. Granular materials were applied using a drop spreader and shaker jar. Liquid treatments were applied with a CO2 sprayer with Teejet XR8008VS nozzles at 35 psi (2.46 kg/cm2) pressure that delivered a volume of 1 gal/1000 ft2 (407 liter/ha) and pythrethriods with a CO2 sprayer with Teejet 8010 nozzles at 35 psi (2.46 kg/cm2) pressure that delivered a volume of 2 gal/1000 ft2 (814 liter/ha). The experimental area was irrigated approximately V* inch (6 mm) of water using the golf course system. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were as follows. BTA: eggs, 1st and 2nd instars present, 60 larvae/ ft2. Turf: level, dry, 5A inch (16 mm) height, 70% bentgrass and 30% annual bluegrass. Thatch: dense, moist, % inch (2 cm). Soil, moist, 74°F at 1 inch (2.5 cm) and 72°F at 3 inch (7.6 cm). Weather: sunny, 81°F, 0 mph. Water: pH 4.6. Efficacy data taken 7 Jul (14 DAT) were based on the number of live larvae in six samples 4% inch (10.8 cm) in diam from each plot.

scholarly journals Control of the Black Turfgrass Ataenius on a Golf Course Fairway in Ashland County, Oh, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-323
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. G. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The study was located on a golf course fairway at Jeromesville. Insecticides were applied 16 Jun to plots 8 × 10 ft arranged in a RCB, replicated 4 times. Granular insecticides were applied using a drop spreader and liquids using a CO2 sprayer with Teejet XR8006VS nozzles at 35 psi pressure that delivered a volume of 1 gal/1000 ft2. The experimental area was irrigated approximately V* inch after all treatments were applied but before sprays had dried on the grass blades. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were as follows. BTA: eggs and 1st instars present, no pretreatment count. Turf: level, light dew, IVs inch height, 40% perennial ryegrass, 30% Kentucky bluegrass, 30% annual bluegrass. Thatch: dense, moist, % inch. Soil: moist, 66°F at 1 inch and 67°F at 3 inch. Weather: sunny, 65°F, 0-5 mph. Water: pH 6.5. Efficacy data taken 6 Jul (20 DAT) were based on the number of live BTA larvae and pupae in 6, 4Vt inch in diam samples from each plot. No phytotoxicity was observed.

Control of Japanese Beetle Larvae on a Golf Course Fairway in Medina County, Ohio, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-302
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. G. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Light Rain ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The study was located on a golf course fairway at Seville, Ohio. Insecticides were applied 1 Sep to plots 8 × 10 ft (2.4 × 3.1 m) arranged in a randomized complete block, replicated 4 times. Liquids were applied using a CO2 sprayer with Teejet XR8006VS nozzles at 35 psi (2.46 kg/cm2) pressure that delivered a volume of 1 gal/1000 ft2 (407 liter/ha). The experimental area was irrigated approximately V> in (6 mm) after all treatments were applied but before sprays had dried on the grass blades. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were as follows. JB: ca. 215/m2, 60% 2nd and 40% 3rd instars. Turf: slight slope <5° dew, 1 in (2.5 cm) height, 65% Bentgrass, 30% annual bluegrass, 5% other grasses. Thatch: dense, moist, 5/s in (1.6 cm) Soil: moist, 73°F at 1 in (2.5 cm) and 72°F at 3 in (7.6 cm). Weather: cloudy and light rain, 74°F, 0 mph. Water: pH 5.1. Efficacy data taken 5 Oct (35 DAT) were based on the number of live JB larvae in six 7 × 7 in (17.8 × 17.8 cm) square samples from each plot.

scholarly journals Control of Billbug Larvae and a Subsequent White Grub Population on a Lawn Area in Wayne County, Ohio, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-324
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. G. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Technical Institute ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Wayne County ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The study was located lawns of the Agricultural Technical Institute at Wooster, Ohio. Insecticides were applied 15 Jun to plots 10 x 10 ft arranged in a randomized complete block, replicated 4 times. Granular insecticides were applied using a drop spreader and liquids using a CO2 sprayer with Teejet 8010LP nozzles at 30 psi that delivered a volume of 3 gal/1000 ft2. The experimental area received no posttreatment irrigation. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were as follows. Billbugs: early instars present, no pretreatment count. Turf: 3° slope, dry, 3 in height, 50% Kentucky bluegrass, 50% perennial ryegrass. Thatch: moist, Vi inch, dense. Soil: moist, 68°F at 1 inch and 55°F at 3 inches. Weather: sunny, 73°F, 5-8 mph. Water: pH 4.9. Billbug efficacy data taken from each plot 9 Jul (28 DAT) were based on the number of live billbug larvae and pupae in 6, AVi inches in diam samples from each plot. Efficacy data for control of a subsequent JB and NMC larval population (appx 70% JB: 30% NMC) taken 5 & 7 Oct was based on the number of live grubs in 6, 7 × 7 in samples from each plot.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Insecticides Applied After Egg Hatch for Control of Japanese Beetle Larvae on a Golf Course Fairway in Richland County, Ohio, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-350
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Granular Materials ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Plot Analysis

Abstract The study was located on a golf course fairway at Twin Lakes Golf in Mansfield, Ohio. Insecticides were applied 14 Aug to plots 10 X 10 ft (3.1 X 3.1 m) arranged in a RCB replicated 4 times. Granular materials were applied with a shaker jar. Liquid treatments were applied using a CO2 sprayer and Teejer™ XR8006VS nozzles at 25 psi (1.76 kg/cm2) pressure that delivered a volume of 1 gal/1000 ft2 (407 liter/ha). The area received approximately Vi ½ inch (13 mm) posttreatment irrigation with the golf course irrigation system after the sprays had dried on the grass blades. Environmental conditions at treatment date were as follows: Japanese beetles: first instar larvae present; Turf: mostly level, dry, 1 l¼ inch (3.2 cm) ht, 50% Kentucky bluegrass, 50% annual bluegrass, no thatch; Soil: moist, 72°F at 1 inch (2.5 cm) and 76°F at 3 inch (7.6 cm); Weather: sunny, 78°F, 0-5 mph (0-8 kph) wind. Efficacy data taken 26 Sep (43 DAT) were based on the number of live larvae in six samples 7X7 inch (17.8 X 17.8 cm) from each plot. Analysis of variance was done on the log (X+l) of plot totals and means separated by LSD test at P = 0.05.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Chemical and Biological Insecticides for Control of Overwintered Japanese Beetle and Northern Masked Chafer Larvae on a Golf Course Rough in Summit County, Ohio, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-323
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Plot Analysis

Abstract The study was located on a golf course rough at Valley View Golf Course in Akron, Ohio. Insecticides were applied 3 May to plots 5 X 10 ft (1.5 X 3.1 m) arranged in a RCB, replicated 3 times. Liquid treatments were applied with a CO2 sprayer and TeeJet™ XR8010VS nozzles at 30 psi (2.19 kg/cm2) pressure that delivered a volume of 3.1 gal/1000 ft2 (1262 liter/ha). The granular treatment was applied with a drop spreader. After all treatments were applied, the area was irrigated with approximately ½inch (13 mm) of water using the golf course system. Environmental conditions at the time of treatment were as follows: White grubs: approximately 15/ft2, 60% NMC 3rd instars, 40% JB 3rd instars; Turf: level, dry, 1.0-2.0 inch (2.5-5.0 cm) ht, 50% bentgrass, 30% annual bluegrass, and 20% Kentucky Bluegrass, no thatch; Soil: moist, 50°F at 1 inch (2.5 cm) and 3 inch (7.6 cm); Weather: sunny, 47°F, no wind. Efficacy data taken 30 May (28 DAT) were based on the number of live larvae in four samples 7X7 inch (17.8 X 17.8 cm) from each plot. Analysis of variance was done on plot totals transformed to log (X+l) and means separated by LSD test at P = 0.05.

scholarly journals Midsummer Management of Japanese Beetle Grubs with Merit 75WSP on a Golf Course Fairway in Lewistown, Pa, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-281
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The fairway consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (40%), Kentucky bluegrass (40%), and perennial ryegrass (20%). Treatment plots were 9 × 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design, replicated 3 times. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 5 gal/1000 ft2. At treatment time (26 Jul) the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 72°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 76CF; soil temperature at 2 inch, 74°F; RH, 85%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.50 inches; soil type, loam; soil particle size analysis: 31.1% sand, 46.4% silt, 22.5% clay; organic matter, 6.7%; soil moisture (oven baked) 23.1%; water pH, 6-7; soil pH, 4.4; and partly cloudy skies. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inches of water. Posttreatment counts were made 42 DAT (6 Sep). Three ft2 sod samples were randomly taken from each replicate, and the total number of Japanese beetle grubs ft2 was recorded.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Merit and Tempo as a Preventative Treatment to Control Black Cutworm (Bcw) on Golf Course Greens, Wv, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-331
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Weaver ◽  
James C. Farren
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Preventative Treatment ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
Sample Area ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Temperature Surface

Abstract Merit 75W and Tempo 20W were compared as side by side treatments on whole greens with ½ half of a green being a replicate of each treatment. Treatments were applied 23 May, replicated 4 times; there was no untreated control. Compounds were applied with a Cushman Turfmaster 125 sprayer and watered in with the same sprayer at 120 gal/acre. Water pH was 8.33. Environmental conditions at start (8:35 am) and finish (11:30 am) of treatment applications were, respectively: air temperature, 23.5°C and 32.5°C; RH, 43% and 54%; sky clear; soil temperature (surface), 25.5°C and 33.5°C, (1 inch) 25.5°C and 29°C; soil very moist. Efficacy was evaluated on 31 Jul (69 DAT) by treating entire greens with Tempo 2 at the rate of 0.04 lb (AI)/acre, syringing the green 8-10 min and counting the no. of cutworms flushed to the surface in a sample area of 4 m2. Two areas were sampled on each treated half of each green. Within these sample areas, the no. of obvious cutworm feeding holes were also counted.

Model of disharmonic succession of dystrophic lakes based on aquatic beetle fauna (Coleoptera)

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pakulnicka ◽  
A. Zawal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Humic Lakes ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
The One ◽  
Aquatic Beetle

Directional changes in environmental conditions during individual stages of the succession of lakes should determine the character of the aquatic beetle fauna inhabiting them. Can changes in environmental conditions lead to degradation of fauna and to a deterioration of the ecological quality of lakes? We analysed this problem in 40 lakes. The fauna of the lakes proved to be rich and diverse in terms of species. Deterioration of species richness along successional stages was not observed, but distinct changes were noted in faunal composition. The eurytopic component proved stable, whereas changes in specialised components (i.e. lake and river species and tyrphophiles) were of key importance. The formation of beetle communities in the lakes was influenced to a greater extent by environmental factors, namely substrate, macrophyte structure and Sphagnum mat cover, than by the physical parameters of the water (pH, saturation or conductivity). The lakes proved to be of considerable ecological value. Regardless of the stage of succession, they are a habitat for numerous species, including rare and endangered ones. Hence, on the one hand humic lakes play an important role in local biodiversity, whereas on the other hand they may be perceived as refuges for species in environments that could be restored as a result of beneficial measures.

scholarly journals Annual White Grub Control on a Golf Course Fairway Using Subsurface and Conventional Application Methods, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-287
Author(s):  
F. P. Baxendale ◽  
A. P. Weinhold ◽  
K. Von Bargen ◽  
R. D. Grisso
Keyword(s):  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract This study was conducted in Lincoln, NE on a golf course fairway. The turf (100% Kentucky bluegrass) was maintained at a mowing height of 5/s inches. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.5 to 0.75 inches. Field conditions at the study site were: soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 3-5%; soil pH, 6.7; water pH, 7.0. Soil moisture was maintained at approximately 17% by weight, throughout the study. Plots were 40 inches × 15 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 3 replications. Insecticide treatments were applied on 23 Aug 1994 using either a Cushman prototype subsurface applicator designed to place insecticide granular treatments at the soil-thatch interface (avg depth 0.75 inches), or a Gandy 24H12 drop spreader. Following applications, plots were irrigated with 0.5 inches of water. Posttreatment precipitation totaled 0.42 inches. Treatments were evaluated 21 DAT on 13 Sep by removing from each plot three, 8-inch diam turf-soil cores (1.05 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs. Pretreatment counts indicated 10-40 SMC/ft2 with 80-90% in the third instar stage in the test area.

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