Influence of surface morphology on in vitro bacterial adherence to central venous catheters

ABSTRACT We investigated the efficacies and durability of novel antimicrobial central venous catheters (CVCs) in preventing the adherence of microbial organisms to the surfaces of the CVCs. Novel antimicrobial CVCs investigated in this in vitro study were impregnated with antibiotics (minocycline and rifampin), with Oligon agent (silver, platinum, and carbon black), with approved antiseptics (chlorhexidine and silver sulfadiazine), or with a novel antiseptic agent, gendine, which contains gentian violet and chlorhexidine. When tested against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, gendine-coated CVC segments provided protection against bacterial adherence significantly more than all other types of tested CVCs (P < 0.05). Gendine-coated CVCs also provided better protection against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis than CVCs impregnated with antibiotics or with silver, platinum, and carbon (P < 0.02). After 28 days of being soaked in serum, the CVCs impregnated with chlorhexidine and silver sulfadiazine and the CVCs impregnated with silver, platinum, and carbon had lost antimicrobial activity against MRSA, P. aeruginosa, and C. parapsilosis, and the CVCs impregnated with minocycline and rifampin had lost activity against P. aeruginosa and C. parapsilosis. The CVCs impregnated with gendine maintained antimicrobial activities against MRSA, P. aeruginosa, and C. parapsilosis after 28 days of being soaked in serum. Central venous catheters impregnated with the novel investigational antiseptic gendine showed in vitro efficacy and provided protection against bacterial adherence more than other approved novel antimicrobial-coated CVCs.

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In Vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Three Different Central Venous Catheters Against Gram-Positive Bacteria

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1007/s10096-002-0719-z ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 379-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Yorganci K. ◽

Krepel C. ◽

Weigelt J. ◽

Edmiston C.

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Central Venous Catheters ◽

Central Venous ◽

Gram Positive ◽

In Vitro Evaluation ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria

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Decreased bacterial adherence and biofilm formation on chlorhexidine and silver sulfadiazine-impregnated central venous catheters implanted in swine

Critical Care Medicine ◽

10.1097/00003246-199505000-00018 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 894-900 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Jonathan I. Greenfeld ◽

Lester Sampath ◽

Sulli J. Popilskis ◽

Steven R. Brunnert ◽

Steven Stylianos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biofilm Formation ◽

Central Venous Catheters ◽

Silver Sulfadiazine ◽

Bacterial Adherence ◽

Central Venous

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Power injection of intravenous contrast material through central venous catheters for CT: in vitro evaluation.

Radiology ◽

10.1148/radiology.200.3.8756923 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 200 (3) ◽

pp. 731-735 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

B R Herts ◽

M A Cohen ◽

B McInroy ◽

W J Davros ◽

R C Zepp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contrast Material ◽

Central Venous Catheters ◽

Central Venous ◽

Intravenous Contrast ◽

In Vitro Evaluation ◽

Power Injection

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In vitro comparison of central venous catheters for aspiration of venous air embolism: Effect of catheter type, catheter tip position, and cardiac inclination

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia ◽

10.1016/0952-8180(91)90222-9 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 290-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Pamela G. Hanna ◽

Nikolaus Gravenstein ◽

Annette G. Pashayan

Keyword(s):

Air Embolism ◽

Central Venous Catheters ◽

Central Venous ◽

Venous Air Embolism ◽

Catheter Tip ◽

Tip Position ◽

In Vitro Comparison

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In VitroActivity and Durability of a Combination of an Antibiofilm and an Antibiotic against Vascular Catheter Colonization

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01646-12 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 621-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Mohammad D. Mansouri ◽

Richard A. Hull ◽

Charles E. Stager ◽

Richard M. Cadle ◽

Rabih O. Darouiche

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Central Venous Catheters ◽

Clinical Infection ◽

Catheter Colonization ◽

Central Venous ◽

Broad Spectrum Antibiotic ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Clinical Pathogens

ABSTRACTCatheter-associated infections can cause severe complications and even death. Effective antimicrobial modification of catheters that can prevent device colonization has the potential of preventing clinical infection. We studiedin vitrothe antimicrobial activities of central venous catheters impregnated withN-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antibiofilm agent, and a broad-spectrum antibiotic against a range of important clinical pathogens. NAC-levofloxacin-impregnated (NACLEV) catheters were also evaluated for their antiadherence activity. NACLEV catheters produced the most active and durable antimicrobial effect against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates and significantly reduced colonization (P< 0.0001) by all tested pathogens compared to control catheters. Thesein vitroresults suggest that this antimicrobial combination can potentially be used to combat catheter colonization and catheter-associated infection.

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Intravascular Ultrasonographic Assessment of Thrombus Formation on Central Venous Catheters

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/028418519303400212 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 162-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

K.-D. Bolz ◽

P. Aadahl ◽

J. Mangersnes ◽

J. Å. Rødsjø ◽

S. Jørstad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thrombus Formation ◽

Venous Catheter ◽

Central Venous Catheters ◽

Brachiocephalic Vein ◽

Intravascular Ultrasonography ◽

Central Venous ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Clinical Investigations ◽

Ultrasonographic Assessment

In vitro experiments were performed in order to investigate the appearance of different types of central venous catheters at intravascular ultrasonography. The experiments were repeated with artificially produced thrombi which were made adherent to the catheter wall. All thrombi larger than 1 mm could be identified. In a clinical study including 12 patients who had a central venous catheter, transfemoral intravascular ultrasonography was performed. The catheters had been in place for an average period of 54 days (range 1–360 days). In 3 patients a catheter thrombus, mural thrombus, or occlusive vein thrombosis was found. In 2 of these patients the catheter was occluded, in the 3rd patient it was malpositioned into the contralateral brachiocephalic vein. There were no complications following the ultrasonographic procedures. Mean catheterization time was 7.5 min (range 3–20 min). The advantages of this new method compared with conventional phlebographic studies and its impact on further clinical investigations are discussed.

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