contrast material
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

1222
(FIVE YEARS 121)

H-INDEX

77
(FIVE YEARS 4)

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Elena Pavlovschi ◽  
◽  
Alina Stoian ◽  
Grigore Verega ◽  
Viorel Nacu ◽  
...  

Background: The use of bone graft has been a successful step in the treatment of a large number of diseases of the osteoarticular system. But a massive bone defect remains a dilemma for modern reconstructive surgery. Present methods used have a high level of morbidity and complication. Literature indicates the absence of an optimal solution in massive bone defects healing. The aim of this study: to perform an in vivo preliminary study of vascularization of the hind limb in the rabbit model, for obtaining a graft able for further inclusion in the host blood circulation, without immunosuppression by decellularization. Material and methods: The study was performed on the 12 laboratory rabbits. After euthanasia of the rabbit, the femoral and tibiofibular bone was collected without soft tissue, only with the vascular pedicle, and keeping the passage through the vessels. In the abdominal aorta was injected contrast material, with the subsequent preparation of the arterial vessels, succeeded by anatomical, morphological, radiography, and microangiography study of this vascularized bone segment. Results: The principal nutrient artery of the rabbit femur springs from the lateral circumflex femoral artery. The optimal segment for vascularized allografting (the rabbit model) was determined the upper third of the femur with the up to the level of the internal iliac artery. So, it could be used as a bone graft for further conservation and decellularization. Conclusions: The vascularized allogeneic bone without immunosuppression would be a perfect alternative in the treatment of the massive bone defects.


2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheepa Nair ◽  
Katie Jones ◽  
Rajeev Parameswaran

Abstract Background Pseudoaneurysms are recognised to be a serious complication of chronic pancreatitis.  Visceral artery aneurysms (VAA) can be difficult to determine and most commonly occur in the splenic or hepatic artery. Gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysms (GDA) have been reported to be the most common VAA following pancreatic surgery. We aim to outline the successful management of a patient with a recurrent 5.5cm GDA pseudoaneurysm following previous embolisation 2 years prior. Methods The 59yr old patient had a history of alcohol related necrotic pancreatitis with pseudocyst formation requiring percutaneous drainage in 2019. This was complicated by pseudoaneurysm formation requiring embolisation of the inferior pancreatico-duodenal artery and GDA.  In April 2021 they were readmitted with recurrent abdominal pain thought to be secondary to chronic pancreatitis and one episode of haematemesis. Results Endoscopy revealed inflammation of D1 with signs of recent mucosal bleeding with a recent abdominal ultrasound showing a 4.7x4.6cm apparent pseudocyst. A CT pancreas was performed to assess the pseudocyst however an incidental pseudoaneurysm at the pancreatic head with a sac measuring 5.5cm in diameter and contrast material measuring 3cm in diameter was present. Peripancreatic and retroperitoneal inflammation indicative of acute on chronic pancreatitis. The patient underwent embolisation of the recurrent GDA pseudoaneurysm successfully with no more filling of the previously seen pseudoaneurysm and was safely discharged. Conclusions Recurrent GDA pseudoaneurysms are a very rare complication of recurrent pancreatitis, however should be considered in patients presenting severe epigastric pain with a history of previous pseudoaneurysms.  


Author(s):  
Adnan Honardari ◽  
Ahmad Bitarafan-Rajabi ◽  
Razieh Solgi ◽  
Mahsa Shakeri ◽  
Kiara Rezaei-Kalantari ◽  
...  

Purpose: This study aimed at evaluating the image quality characteristics of advanced noise-optimized and traditional virtual monochromatic images compared with conventional 120-kVp images from second-generation Dual-Source CT. Materials and Methods: For spiral scans six syringes filled with diluted iodine contrast material (1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg I/ml) were inserted into the test phantom and scanned with a second-generation dual-source CT in both single-energy (120-kVp) and dual-energy modes. Images set contain conventional single-energy 120-kVp, and virtual monochromatic were reconstructed with energies ranging from 40 to 190-keV in 1-keV steps. An energy-domain noise reduction algorithm was applied and the mean CT number, image noise, and iodine CNR were calculated. Results: The iodine CT number of conventional 120-kVp images compared with monochromatic of 40-, 50-, 60- and 70-keV images showed increase. The improvement ratio of image noise on Advanced Virtual Monochromatic Images (AVMIs) compared with the Traditional Virtual Monochromatic Images (TVMIs) at energies of 40-, 50-, 60, 70-keV was 52.9%, 35.7%, 8.1%, 2.1%, respectively. At AVMIs from 75- to 190-keV, the image noise value was less than conventional 120-kVp images. CNR improvement ratio at 20 mg/ml of iodinated contrast material for TVMIs and AVMIs compared to 120-kVp CT images and AVMIs compared to TVMI was 18.3% and 56.3%, 32.1% respectively. Conclusion: Both TVMIs (in energies ranging from 54 to 71-keV) and AVMIs (in energies ranging from 40 to 74-keV) represent improvement in the iodine contrast-to-noise ratio than conventional 120-kVp CT images for the same radiation dose. Also, AVMIs compared to TVMIs have been obtained considerable noise reduction and CNR improvement for low-energy virtual monochromatic images. In the present study, we show that virtual monochromatic image and its Advanced version (AVMI) may boost the dual-energy CT advantages by providing higher CNR images in the same exposure value compared to routinely acquired single-energy CT images.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-346
Author(s):  
Ja Hyeon Cho ◽  
Seon Jeong Kim ◽  
Dae-Hyun Kim

A 48-year-old man came with a left-sided headache that was compatible with diagnostic criteria of cluster headache. Left oculomotor nerve palsy developed 2 weeks after headache onset. Magnetic resonance imaging showed wall thickening and enhancement by contrast material in the lateral aspect of the left cavernous sinus, consistent with a possible inflammatory lesion. The patient reported the almost complete remission of the pain and diplopia after steroid therapy. We speculate that Tolosa-Hunt syndrome should be included as a cause of cluster-like headaches.


2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (19) ◽  
pp. B40
Author(s):  
Shawn Gogia ◽  
Omar Khalique ◽  
Nadira Hamid ◽  
Jessica Forman ◽  
Vivian Ng ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 5135
Author(s):  
Avice M. O'Connell ◽  
Thomas J. Marini ◽  
Daniel T. Kawakyu-O'Connor

It is time to reconsider how we image the breast. Although the breast is a 3D structure, we have traditionally used 2D mammography to perform screening and diagnostic imaging. Mammography has been continuously modified and improved, most recently with tomosynthesis and contrast mammography, but it is still using modifications of compression 2D mammography. It is time to consider 3D imaging for this 3D structure. Cone-beam breast computed tomography (CBBCT) is a revolutionary modality that will assist in overcoming the limitations of current imaging for dense breast tissue and overlapping structures. It also allows easy administration of contrast material for functional imaging. With a radiation dose on par with diagnostic mammography, rapid 10 s acquisition, no breast compression, and true high-resolution isotropic imaging, CBBCT has the potential to usher in a new era in breast imaging. These advantages could translate into lower morbidity and mortality from breast cancer.


QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Aly Maarouf ◽  
Mohamed Khairy Mohamed Fayed ◽  
Mohamed Amr Farouk ◽  
Mai Mokhtar Kamal Barakat

Abstract Background Hepatic focal lesions may be benign or malignant and some of the hypervascular focal lesions may be benign. Therapy requires an accurate diagnosis, which in turn relies primarily on appropriate imaging and image-guided biopsy. Objectives The purpose of this study is to study the role of MRI in characterization of hypervascular hepatic focal lesions in cirrhotic patient on unenhanced, dynamic contrastenhanced and diffusion weighted MR images for better patient management plan. Patients and Methods This study was conducted at Radiology department at Ain Shams University hospitals. About 70 patients were included (17 females & 53 males) and their age ranged from 14 to 87 years. Results DW MRI in the liver is a relative new and increasingly used imaging technique. It has the advantage that it can be obtained during a single breath-hold; it provides unique information that reflects tissue cellularity and organization. The ADC maps can also provide quantitative measurements of tissue water diffusibility, which can be used not only for disease assessment, but also for the evaluation of disease response to treatment. Conclusion Conventional MRI sequences combined with dynamic MRI and DWI provide further more accurate diagnoses for hepatic focal lesions, especially for hypervascular hepatic focal lesions which requires the necessity for injecting the contrast material and through the different pattern of enhancement and washout, we could be able to reach the definite diagnosis for these hepatic focal lesions and so stating management as early as possible which reflect on increasing the prognostic criteria for hepatic focal lesions.


2021 ◽  
pp. 159101992110414
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Sato ◽  
Yasunari Niimi ◽  
Tatuki Mochizuki ◽  
Shougo Shima ◽  
Tatuya Inoue ◽  
...  

A high flow arteriovenous shunts in newborns may require urgent endovascular treatment right immediately after delivery if high output cardiac failure is resistant to medical treatment. The umbilical approach is often the first choice of the access route for endovascular treatment in the newborn. It is, however, not infrequent that the patient has an extensive lesion, which necessitates a second session of treatment because of the limitation of the usable amount of the contrast material in one session. In such a case, re-puncturing the femoral artery is difficult and carries the risk of leg ischemia. On the other hand, leaving the umbilical sheath for the second procedure carries risks of infection, thrombosis, and vessel injury. Herein we introduce our umbilical vessel catheter (UVC) retro-exchange technique (U-RET) in which we replace the umbilical sheath to a 3.5Fr UVC at the end of the first endovascular procedure to preserve the umbilical artery access and prepare for the repeated use. We believe that this method minimizes the risks of infection and vessel injury.


2021 ◽  
pp. e546
Author(s):  
Shihoko Iwata ◽  
Makoto Ozaki

An 87-year-old woman (146 cm, 42.2 kg) underwent transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TF-TAVI) uneventfully. Following the removal of the delivery sheath and achieving access-site haemostasis, hemodynamic instability became gradually obvious. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed free fluid in the retroperitoneal and intraabdominal cavities, suggestive of retroperitoneal haemorrhage (RPH), which perforated the abdominal cavity with extravasation of the contrast material (arrow), thus indicating an ongoing haemorrhage. The damaged site of the external iliac artery (arrow) was confirmed using digital subtraction angiography. The patient successfully underwent emergency endovascular aortic repair using a covered stent to seal the vascular rupture. In order to treat the abdominal compartment syndrome, approximately 2,700 ml of haemorrhagic fluid was evacuated using ultrasound-guided abdominal paracentesis. Eventually, she was discharged in a stable condition. RPH is a rare, although severe, complication of TF-TAVI, and has been reported in 0%–2.2% of cases. It is associated with a damage to iliofemoral artery, and constitutes the most frequent complication associated with vascular access, with the main predictive factors being the dimensions of small vessels, moderate or severe calcification, and centre experience. The diagnosis of RPH is often delayed due to the non-specific clinical presentations, such as flank, abdominal, back pain, and/or progressive hemodynamic instability. Although the best management protocol for RPH remains controversial, conservative management should only be applied in stable patients. In cases of uncontrollable, ongoing bleeding, endovascular treatment or embolization should be the method of choice. Open surgical intervention is rarely require. Nevertheless, if treated inappropriately, the mortality rates remain high.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document