scholarly journals 799 Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Decisions in Neck of Femur Fractures – Is Documentation Adequate?

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Williamson ◽  
K Hughes ◽  
M Osborne-Grinter ◽  
V Philip ◽  
G Dall ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction ‘Do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation’ (DNACPR) documentation is essential to communicate decisions regarding ceilings of care for patients to the clinical team. Patients admitted to hospital with a fractured neck of femur (#NOF) are often elderly with multiple comorbidities, and so robust and clear anticipatory care plans are especially indicated. Method All patients admitted to a large district general hospital in Scotland with a #NOF over a three-week period between 23/10/2020 and 12/11/2020 were identified prospectively and included in this audit. Patients’ demographic information, DNACPR status and the quality of their DNACPR documentation was recorded. Results 20 patients (85% Female, 15% Male) were identified and included. Median ASA grade was 3, with 77.8% of patients ASA grade 3 or 4. 63.2% of patients had DNACPR documentation in place, all of which were ASA grade 3 or above. Most DNACPR documentation had patient information clearly identifiable (91.7%), was completed preoperatively (90.9%), and involved either the patient or appropriate relative or power of attorney (91.6%). However, only 75% of patients’ documentation had the rationale for the DNACPR decision documented and only 25% of DNACPR decisions were reviewed by a senior clinician within 72 hours. No DNACPR decisions were documented as having been communicated to the wider healthcare team. Conclusions DNACPR documentation is a crucial for anticipatory care planning in #NOF patients. This audit shows improvement is needed in documenting whether decisions have been reviewed by senior clinicians, and if they have been communicated to the wider healthcare team.

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feras Ashouri ◽  
Wissam Al-Jundi ◽  
Akash Patel ◽  
Jitendra Mangwani

Background. Most orthopaedic units do not have a policy for reversal of anticoagulation in patients with hip fractures. The aim of this study was to examine the current practice in a district general hospital and determine difference in the time to surgery, if any, with cessation of warfarin versus cessation and treatment with vitamin K. Methods. A retrospective review of the case notes between January 2005 and December 2008 identified 1797 patients with fracture neck of femur. Fifty seven (3.2%) patients were on warfarin at the time of admission. Patients were divided into 2 groups (A and B). Group A patients (16/57; 28%) were treated with cessation of warfarin only and group B patients (41; 72%) received pharmacological therapy in addition to stopping warfarin. Time to surgery between the two groups was compared. Results. The mean INR on admission was 2.9 (range 1.7–6.5) and prior to surgery 1.4 (range 1.0–2.1). Thirty eight patients received vitamin K only and 3 patients received fresh frozen plasma and vitamin K. The average time to surgery was 4.4 days in group A and 2.4 days in group B. The difference was statistically significant (P<.01). Conclusion. Reversal of high INR is important to avoid significant delay in surgery. There is a need for a national policy for reversing warfarin anticoagulation in patients with hip fractures requiring surgery. Vitamin K is safe and effective for anticoagulation reversal in hip fracture patients.


2017 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
DS Hill ◽  
L Nazar ◽  
M Freudmann

Nationally, half of all deaths occur in hospital, with 94% having a ‘do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation’ (DNACPR) notice in place at the time of death. Recent court rulings have raised the profile of practices surrounding DNACPR orders where patients lack capacity. Failure to consult with those close to the patient in relation to DNACPR decisions is a breach of the right to respect for private and family life under article 8 of the Human Rights Act. A report from 2016 found that those close to the patient were not consulted before one out of every five DNACPR orders are placed. We advocate addressing the issue of resuscitation in patients with a fractured neck of femur who are approaching the end of their lives. Where the patient lacks capacity, there is a legal duty to consult with those close to the patient where it is practicable and appropriate to do so. There must be a convincing and well evidenced reason to proceed without consultation, and the orthopaedic surgeon should exercise extreme caution before doing so.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Okereke ◽  
Sridhar Rao Sampalli

Abstract BackgroundHip fracture is the most common serious injury in older people. It is also the most common reason for older people to need emergency anaesthesia and surgery, and the commonest cause of death following an accident. A FICB is the injection of anaesthetic agents into the fascia- iliaca compartment with the effect of blocking the lumbar plexus via an anterior approach. FICB is clinically safe and efficient and provides consistent analgesic effects irrespective of the performing doctor's experience of frailty fractures of the proximal femur.Methods Data from the National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD) for all patients admitted with a neck of femur fracture between October 2018 and May 2019 was interrogated and audited. Results of this audit were discussed in the department of Trauma & Orthopaedics' and the Trust's mortality review meetings. Teaching sessions were held for doctors and filling out of the neck of femur fracture proforma to detail administration or not of FICB and a valid reason when the later occurred was encouraged. A re-audit was carried out in May 2020 where a retrospective study of patients admitted with a neck of femur fracture over six months from October 2019 to April 2020 was done to assess improvement in compliance rates of administration of fascia iliaca blocks.Results We noted a statistically significant increase in the number of patients who got a fascia iliaca block on presentation with a fractured neck of the femur from after our second audit (p<0.00001). There were no complications associated with the administration of FICB to patients with neck of femur fractures. ConclusionThis study showed that clinical processes could be improved through audits, staff education and by employing the use of proformas to ensure compliance.


2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Lancaster ◽  
S Selvarajan ◽  
K Dasari

Abstract Background The UK announced a “lockdown” in response to COVID-19 on 23/03/2020, despite this NHS England did not anticipate a significant decrease in hip fracture cases. Early data from Europe had shown mortality rates of up to 30.4% in patients who develop COVID-19 and a hip fracture. Method Prospective study of patients presenting with a hip fracture between 23/03/2020 and 18/05/2020. Primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and COVID-19 status. Secondary outcomes were length of stay, discharge destination and readmission. Results 50 patients identified, mean age 82. 49 patients underwent operation, 34 (69.4%) within 48 hours of admission. 14 Patients (28%) tested positive for COVID-19 within 30 days. 30-day mortality was 10% (n = 5). 2 patients who died were COVID-19 positive. Mean length of stay was 12.3 days. 7 patients (14%) re-admitted within 30 days, 4 with COVID-19. Conclusions Despite extra strain on the hospital, we believe we achieved good outcomes for this cohort. Compared to previous NHFD data we decreased our length of stay and time to operation. 30-day mortality increased (8.4% in 2018) but we believe this to be expected in vulnerable patients during a pandemic. We hope to take lessons we have learnt during the pandemic into the post-pandemic era.


2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Linardatou Novak ◽  
B Davies ◽  
A Bacon ◽  
A MacDowell

Abstract Aim We wanted to see how the virus has impacted the management and outcome of our neck of femur fracture patients during Spring 2020. Method We performed a retrospective study of all neck of femur fracture patients presenting to our hospital from 23rd March 2020 (start of official lockdown in UK) until the end of May 2020 and compared them to patients presenting in the same time period in 2019. We recorded patient demographics, COVID-19 swab results, time to surgery, length of stay, transfers between wards, and 30-day mortality rates. Results We identified 75 patients in 2020 compared to 88 in 2019. Average length of stay was 11.4 days compared to 14.3 a year earlier. Mean time to surgery was 32.3 hours compared to 31.6 in 2019. The 30-day mortality increased significantly from 5.7% (5/88) in 2019 to 16% (12/75) in 2020 (p &lt; 0.05) From 73 patients tested for COVID-19, 3 had a positive swab. Of these, 2 died. During their admission, 14 patients were transferred to 3 or more wards; in this group, 30-day mortality was 42.9% (6/14). Conclusions There has been a significant increase in 30-day mortality during COVID-19. Despite maintaining our time to surgery and reducing overall length of stay, we saw an increase in mortality, associated with multiple ward transfers rather than a high number of COVID-19 positive swab cases. Changes in pathways and wards configurations led to some patients requiring multiple transfers. This can cause difficulties in coordinated, multidisciplinary care for patients with NOF Fractures.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 556-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Clough ◽  
Nikhil Shah ◽  
Hiren Divecha ◽  
Sumedh Talwalkar

Aims The exact risk to patients undergoing surgery who develop COVID-19 is not yet fully known. This study aims to provide the current data to allow adequate consent regarding the risks of post-surgery COVID-19 infection and subsequent COVID-19-related mortality. Methods All orthopaedic trauma cases at the Wrightington Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust from ‘lockdown’ (23 March 2020) to date (15 June 2020) were collated and split into three groups. Adult ambulatory trauma surgeries (upper limb trauma, ankle fracture, tibial plateau fracture) and regional-specific referrals (periprosthetic hip fracture) were performed at a stand-alone elective site that accepted COVID-19-negative patients. Neck of femur fractures (NOFF) and all remaining non-NOFF (paediatric trauma, long bone injury) surgeries were performed at an acute site hospital (mixed green/blue site). Patients were swabbed for COVID-19 before surgery on both sites. Age, sex, nature of surgery, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade, associated comorbidity, length of stay, development of post-surgical COVID-19 infection, and post-surgical COVID-19-related deaths were collected. Results At the elective site, 225 patients underwent orthopaedic trauma surgery; two became COVID-19-positive (0.9%) in the immediate perioperative period, neither of which was fatal. At the acute site, 93 patients underwent non-NOFF trauma surgery, of whom six became COVID-19-positive (6.5%) and three died. A further 84 patients underwent NOFF surgery, seven becoming COVID-19 positive (8.3%) and five died. Conclusion At the elective site, the rate of COVID-19 infection following orthopaedic trauma surgery was low, at 0.9%. At the acute mixed site (typical district general hospital), for non-NOFF surgery there was a 6.5% incidence of post-surgical COVID-19 infection (seven-fold higher risk) with 50% COVID-19 mortality; for NOFF surgery, there was an 8.3% incidence of post-surgical COVID-19 infection, with 71% COVID-19 mortality. This is likely to have significance when planning a resumption of elective orthopaedic surgery and for consent to the patient. Cite this article: Bone Joint Open 2020;1-9:556–561.


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